Using the C Compiler

Agenda

H E

O R L D

E A D E R I N

O L U T I O N S



Overview

Hello, TI DSP, ‘C6000



DSK

Tour of ‘C6711 DSK



C Code

Code Composer Studio



System



McBSP, Interrupts



EDMA, Cache



DSP/BIOS

Real-Time Tools



VAB

Visual Design



Epilogue

What Next?

Programming the ‘C6000

* Typical efficiency vs. hand optimized assembly

Source

Efficiency*

Effort

80 - 100%

C ++

Compiler

Optimizer

Low

95 - 100%

Linear

ASM

Assembly

Optimizer

Med

100%

High

ASM

Hand

Optimize

Sample Compiler Benchmarks

TI C62x™ Compiler Performance Release 4.0: Execution Time in



s @

300 MHz Versus hand-coded assembly based on cycle count

Algorithm

Used In

Asm

Cycles

Assembly

Time (s)

C Cycles

(Rel

4.0)

C Time

(s)

Efficiency

Hand

Coded

Block Mean Square

Error

MSE of a 20 column

image matrix

For motion

compensatio

n of image

data

348

1.16

402

1.34

87%

Codebook Search

CELP based

voice coders

977

3.26

961

3.20

100%

Vector Max

40 element input

vector

Search

Algorithms

0.20

100%

All-zero FIR Filter

40 samples,

10 coefficients

VSELP based

voice coders

238

0.79

280

0.93

85%

Minimum Error

Search

Table Size = 2304

Search

Algorithms

1185

3.95

1318

4.39

90%

IIR Filter

16 coefficients

Filter

0.14

0.13

100%

IIR – cascaded

biquads

10 Cascaded biquads

(Direct Form II)

Filter

0.23

0.25

93%

MAC

Two 40 sample

vectors

VSELP based

voice coders

0.20

0.19

100%

Vector Sum

Two 44 sample

vectors

0.17

0.16

100%

MSE

MSE between two

256 element vectors

Mean Sq.

Error

Computation

in Vector

Quantizer

279

0.93

274

0.91

100%



Great out-of-box experience



Completely natural C code (non ’C6000 specific)



Code available at:

http://www.ti.com/sc/c6000compiler



Great out-of-box experience



Completely natural C code (non ’C6000 specific)



Code available at:

http://www.ti.com/sc/c6000compiler

Code Composer Studio

Code Composer Studio Includes:



Integrated Edit / Debug GUI



Simulator

Edit

SIM

Compiler

Asm Opt

Asm

DSK

EVM

Third

Party

Stand

ard

Runti

Librari



Code Generation Tools



BIOS:

Real-time kernel

Real-time analysis



Plug-ins



RTDX

DSP/BIOS

Libraries

DSP/BIOS

Config

Tool

Debug

.out

Link

* Simulator not included with DSK, only with full version of CCS.

Outline



Programming Methods



Code Composer Studio (CCS)



Projects



Define

and

Manage



Build Options

and

Build

Configurations



Config Tool

(CDB file)



Working with C

What is a Project?

Project (

.PJT

) file

contains

Project files (

reference



Source



Libraries



Linker, etc …

Project settings:



Build configurations

(compiler, asm

options)



DSP/BIOS



Linking, etc …



Add files… to

project

Add drag-n-drop files

onto .PJT



Export Makefile

New

Export project

details

to a standard

.mak file



Set as Active

Project

New

Keep multiple

projects open



Open for Editing

New

Opens PJT with

text editor



Configurations…

New

Keep multiple sets

of build options



Options…

Set build options

Right-Click

Menu

Outline



Programming Methods



Code Composer Studio (CCS)



Projects



Define and Manage



Build Options

and

Build

Configurations



Common compiler options and default

configurations



Build Options GUI



Linker Options



Config Tool (CDB file)



Working with C



Nearly one-hundred compiler options

available to tune your code's performance,

size, etc.



Following table lists most commonly used

options:

Compiler Build Options

Options

Description

-mv6700

Generate ‘C67x code (‘C62x is default)

-mv6400

Generate 'C64x code

-fr <dir>

Directory for object/ouput files

-q

Quiet mode (display less info while

compiling)

-g

Enables src-level symbolic debugging

-s

Interlist C statements into assembly listing

-o3

Invoke optimizer (-o0, -o1, -o2/-o, -o3)

-gp

Enable function-level profiling

-k

Keep asm files, but don't interlist

debug

optimize

(release)

To make options easier, TI recommends using …

Two Default Build Configurations



For new projects, CCS

automatically creates

two build

configurations:



Debug

(

unoptimized

)



Release

(optimized)

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\Debug

Debug

" -d"_DEBUG"

-d"_DEBUG"

-mv6700

-q

-q -o3

-o3

-fr"c:\modem\

-fr"c:\modem\Release

Release

" -mv6700

Two Default Build Configurations



For new projects, CCS

automatically creates

two build

configurations:



Debug

(

unoptimized

)



Release

(optimized)



Use the drop-down to

quickly select

build

config.

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\Debug

Debug

" -d"_DEBUG"

-d"_DEBUG"

-mv6700

-q

-q -o3

-o3

-fr"c:\modem\

-fr"c:\modem\Release

Release

" -mv6700

Two Default Build Configurations



For new projects, CCS

automatically creates

two build

configurations:



Debug

(

unoptimized

)



Release

(optimized)



Use the drop-down to

quickly select

build

config.



Add/Remove build

config's with

Project

Configurations

dialog

(on project menus)

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\Debug

Debug

" -d"_DEBUG"

-d"_DEBUG"

-mv6700

-q

-q -o3

-o3

-fr"c:\modem\

-fr"c:\modem\Release

Release

" -mv6700

Two Default Build Configurations



For new projects, CCS

automatically creates

two build

configurations:



Debug

(

unoptimized

)



Release

(optimized)



Use the drop-down to

quickly select

build

config.



Add/Remove build

config's with

Project

Configurations

dialog

(on project menus)



Edit a configuration:

Set it active

Modify build

options (shown

next)

Save project

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\

-g -q -fr"c:\modem\Debug

Debug

" -d"_DEBUG"

-d"_DEBUG"

-mv6700

-q

-q -o3

-o3

-fr"c:\modem\

-fr"c:\modem\Release

Release

" -mv6700

-g

-q -fr

"c:\modem\Debug"

-d

"_DEBUG"

-mv6700

Build Options GUI (Debug)



GUI has 8 pages

of options for

code generation

tools



Default build

options for a new

project are

shown



Basic

page

defaults are

-g

-mv6700

-g -q -fr

"c:\modem\Debug"

"c:\modem\Debug" -d

-d

"_DEBUG"

-mv6700

Build Options GUI (Debug)



Preprocessor

page



-d

option allows

symbols to be

defined



_DEBUG

used by

CCS enviroment

during debug

Options

Description

-o<filename>

Output file name

-m<filename>

Map file name

-c

Auto-initialize global/static C

variables

-x

Exhaustively read libs (resolve back

ref's)

Linker Options

-q

-q -c

-c

-o".\Debug\lab3.out"

-x

.\Debug\lab3.out

Run-time Autoinitialization



Like Compiler

Options,

Build

Configurations

also contain

Linker Options



Default linker

options are

shown for the

Debug

configuration of a

project name

lab3.pjt



".\Debug\"

indicates one

subfolder level

below project

(.pjt) location



Linking discussed

in detail during

four-day

workshop

Configuration Tool



Simplifies system design



Automatically includes the

appropriate runtime support

libraries



Automatically handles interrupt

vectors and system reset



MEM handles system memory

configuration (builds CMD file)



Many other capabilities will be

discussed later …



Simplifies system design



Automatically includes the

appropriate runtime support

libraries



Automatically handles interrupt

vectors and system reset



MEM handles system memory

configuration (builds CMD file)



Many other capabilities will be

discussed later …

‘

C6000 C Data Types

Type

Size

Representation

char, signed char

8 bits

ASCII

unsigned char

8 bits

ASCII

short

16 bits

2’s complement

unsigned short

16 bits

binary

int, signed int

32 bits

2s complement

unsigned int

32 bits

binary

long, signed long

40 bits

2’s complement

unsigned long

40 bits

binary

enum

32 bits

2’s complement

float

32 bits

IEEE 32-bit

double

64 bits

IEEE 64-bit

long double

64 bits

IEEE 64-bit

pointers

32 bits

binary

Lab 3 Objectives



Code Composer Studio

Setup



Create Project



Add

config file

(.CDB) to

project



Compile

Lab3.c



Watch

variables



Stepping

thru code



Profile

code using different

build configurations



Convert

integer

float

math

Stop

and do lab

Lab 3 Results



Does the optimizer improve the code performance?



How do the Integer & Float compare?



Can the float be made faster?

Cycles*

Build

Configuration

Debug

Optimize

Lab

lab3.c

Integer

lab3.c

Integer

Debug

lab3a.c

Float

Lab Step

Step

Take Home

Step

Optimize

lab3a.c

Float

Take Home

Step

7992

168

9272

308

* Page 3-33

Take Home Lab 3b



Lab 3c uses the data align pragma

to further optimize the compiler's

performance

Optimized

Step

Lab 3a

308

Optimized

DATA_ALIGN pragma

Step

Lab 3b

206

click for lab 3c details

Take Home Lab 3b

To gain extra performance from C,

make sure you check out the

following references ...



CCS online help: Compiler Tutorial



C6000 Programmer’s Guide

(SPRU198)

Chapter 4:

“Optimizing C Code”



C6000 Optimizing C Compiler UG

(SPRU187)

The whole book

Optimized

Step

Lab 3a

308

Optimized

DATA_ALIGN pragma

Step

Lab 3b

206

Take Home Lab 3c



Custom Keyboard

Assignments



Assign

Debug:Restart



Customizing the Default

Workspace



Change

Toolbar Locations



Set defaults for:



File:Open/New



Project:Open/New

Program Level Optimization (-pm)

-q

-q -pm -op2

-pm -op2

-mv6700



-pm is

critical

in compiling for maximum

performance



-pm creates a temp.c file which includes all C source

files, thus giving the optimizer a program-level

optimization context



-op

describes a program's external references

Command Window

Some frequently used commands:



load

<filename.out>



reload



reset



restart



<label >



<label>



help



dlog

<filename>,a



dlog

close



alias

...



take

<filename.out>



run



run

<cond>



<label>



step

<number>



cstep

<number>



halt

GEL Scripting



GEL:

General

Extension

Language



C style syntax



Large number of

debugger

commands as GEL

functions



Write your own

functions



Create GEL menu

items



GEL:

General

Extension

Language



C style syntax



Large number of

debugger

commands as GEL

functions



Write your own

functions



Create GEL menu

items

Document Outline