Pytania dla studentów:

1. Physiological curvatures of the spine occur in the

1. Sagittal plane

2. Transverse plane

3. Coronal plane

4. All above mentioned

2. Which part of the spine has maximal range of motion

1. Cervical

2. Thoracic

3. Lumbar

4. Sacral

3. Which of the following is not a clinical symptom of scoliosis

1. Shoulder asymmetry

2. Rib hump

3. Trunk decompensation

4. Lower limb length discrepancy

4. Which of the following tests is used to detect scoliosis

1. Adams test

2. Trendelenburg test

3. Tinnel test

4. Phalen test

5. Measuring the lower limb length starting from the anterior superior iliac spine to the medial maleoli is

1. Absolute limb length

2. Relative limb length

3. Functional limb length

4. Total limb length

6. Painful shoulder abduction in the range of motion 70-120° might be due to

1. Acromio-clavicular arthrosis

2. Long head of biceps brachii subluxation

3. Shoulder impingment

4. Tennis elbow

7. Carpal tunnel syndrome usually gives following syndromes

1. Pain and numbness in the area covered by the median nerve

2. Pain and numbness in the area covered by the ulnar nerve

3. Pain and numbness in the area covered by the radial nerve

4. Pain and numbness in the area covered by the musculocutaneus nerve

8. Which of the following tests are most sensitive in juvenile hip diseases

1. External rotation, abduction

2. Flexion, adduction

3. Internal rotation, abduction

4. Internal rotation, adduction

9. The Trendelenburg test detects the function of the following muscles

1. Rectus femoris

2. Gluteus medius and minimus

3. Gluteus medius and maximus

4. Iliopsoas

10. The most sensitive test for detecting anterior knee instability is the

1. Anterior drawer test

2. Lachman test

3. Duck walk test

4. Steinman's test

11. Which of the following is an example of a non-structural scoliosis

1. Idiopathic scoliosis

2. Neuromuscular scoliosis

3. Congenital scoliosis

4. Pelvic tilt scoliosis

12. The standard method of measuring the scoliosis curve magnitude is the

1. Cobb angle method

2. Ferguson method

3. Whittles method

4. Perdiolles method

13. Which of the following vertebra included in the spinal curve has the biggest rotation

1. Upper-end vertebra

2. Lower-end vertebra

3. Neutral vertebra

4. Apical vertebra

14. Which of the following curve patterns is most common in children with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis

1. Thoraco-lumbar left

2. Thoracic right

3. Lumbar right

4. Double thoracic

15. Which of the following falsely describes a 14 y.o girl with thoracic scoliosis of 30°, Risser test 5

1. Bracing is the best treatment

2. Ossification of the iliac crest will occur in the next 2 - 3 years

3. Surgery is recommended

4. Progression of the curve is very unlikely

16. Which of the following curves has the highest risk of progression

1. 2 y.o male, scoliosis 25° Cobb angle

2. 18 y.o female, scoliosis 65° Cobb angle

3. 16 y.o male, 25° Cobb angle, Risser 5

4. 14 y.o female, congenital spine deformity, complete block Th5-Th6

17. Which of the following patients is a perfect candidate for bracing

1. 12 y.o, female, premanarchal, Cobb angle 15°

2. 12 y.o, male, Cobb angle 30°, Risser 2

3. 14 y.o, female, 2 years post menarchal, Cobb angle 35°, Risser 4

4. 14 y.o, male, Cobb angle 55°, Risser 2

18. The non-fusion surgical techniques for scoliosis correction, for example “growing rods”, are recommended for

1. Idiopathic scoliosis in adults

2. Idiopathic scoliosis in children without skeletal maturity

3. Idiopathic scoliosis, curves not exceeding 45°

4. Idiopathic scoliosis, patients with Risser test 4

19. Scheurmann's disease is typical for which group

1. Girls aged 8 - 12 years

2. Boys aged 12 - 18 years

3. Boys aged 3 - 10 years

4. Both sexes equally 12 - 18 years of age

20. Which of the following deformities has highest risk of neurological complications

1. Anterior vertebral block

2. Lateral wedge lateral vertebra

3. Butterfly vertebra

4. Anterior wedge vertebra

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