PASSIVES (strona bierna)

 

Formy strony biernej tworzy się za pomocą odpowiedniej formy czasownika ”to be”
oraz III formy czasownika.

Present Simple
am (are, is) brought
Audio and video tapes are kept in the resource centre.

Present Continuous
am (are, is) being brought
Our car is being repaired at the moment.

Past Simple
was (were) brought
The parcel was delivered right on time.

Past Continuous
was (were) being brought
When I arrived dinner was being served.

Present Perfect
have (has) been brought
Have you been invited to Simon's party?

Past Perfect
had been brought
We had been told to get there no later than ten o'clock.

Future Simple
will (shall) be brought
She'll be looked after very well there.

Future in the Past
would (should) be brought
This bill would be paid.

Future Perfect
will have been brought
The house will have been completely repainted by the time you get back.

going to
going to be brought
The procession is going to be led by the Lord Mayor.

Modals
must have been brought
The door must have been left open.
Sale items may not be returned.

Passive Gerund
being brought
Our cat doesn't like being patted.

 

Użycie strony biernej:

• gdy interesuje nas wykonanie czynności a nie jej wykonawca
  Those ships are built in Glasgow.

• gdy sprawca czynności jest nieznany
  My watch has been stolen.

• gdy sprawca czynności jest nieokreślony (someone, somebody, everybody,
  everyone, they, people)

Strona czynna - People speak English all over the world.
Strona bierna - English is spoken all over the world.
Strona czynna - They are renovaiting the Town Hall.
Strona bierna - The Town Hall is being renovated.

• w oficjalnych instrukcjach, zawiadomieniach, zakazach
  Passengers are requested to proceed to the customs.
  ^{(Pasażerowie proszeni są o udanie się do komory celnej.)}
  This form should be filled in block letters.
  ^{(Ten formularz należy wypełnić drukowanymi literami.)}

• w zdaniach odpowiadających polskim zdaniom typu: mówi się (it is said),
  przypuszcza się lub mówiono (it was said, it has been said)
  
  It is said that the government will raise the price of meat.
  It has been announced that school holidays will last
  until the 3rd of January.
  It was said the talks were very fruitful.

• stronę bierną stosuje się także, gdy sprawcę (wykonawcę) czynności
  chce się szczególnie wyeksponować, gdy to właśnie jest główną informacją
  udzielaną rozmówcy; nazwę sprawcy pprzedza się przyimkiem ”by”
  
  These letters will be typed by Miss Jones.
  America was discovered by Columbus.
  The film was directed by Quentin Tarantino.

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