E-MSG
MÁSTER EN SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN DE EMPRESA
SAP R/3
2003-2004
Certificación MM (7053)
Juan Carlos Sarrasi-Xavier Rovira
TSCM 50-1ª parte (12-13)
© SAP AG
TSCM50
12-1
SAP AG 1999
Contents:
Reporting in MM
z
Reporting at Document Level
z
Reporting with the Logistics Information System (LIS)
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:
Reporting in MM: Unit Objectives
z
Explain the difference between standard reporting
and standard analysis
z
Describe the basics of the Logistics Information
System
z
Perform basic standard reporting and standard
analyses
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
Reporting in Material Management: Course
Overview Diagram
Procurement of Stock
Material
Reporting in Material
Management
External Procurement
with mySAP SCM
Procurement of
External Services
Subcontracting
Basic of Procurement
Process
Master Data
Procurement of
Consumable Material
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
Reporting in MM: Business Scenario
z
Your company monitors all areas regarding
possibilities of reducing cost and improving
efficiency.
z
The project team analyzes the reporting
functionality of SAP R/3 at transaction and
document level.
z
The project team wants to find out if the SAP R/3
System is capable of providing management with
condensed key indicators for enterprise-relevant
processes in a timely manner.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
Standard reporting
Standard reporting
List
Purchase
order
GR doc.
Invoice
Document entry
Document entry
Master data
Master data
Standard Reporting
Material
Material
Vendor
Vendor
Info records
Info records
.....
.....
Document
Document
database
database
In Purchasing, you enter a variety of documents. The R/3 System updates these documents and stores
them in database tables. In the R/3 System, you can use Standard Analysis to analyze the information
contained in the documents.
As the employee responsible in Purchasing, you want to obtain an overview of your vendors and
purchasing organizations. For example, you want know:
y
Which purchase orders were effected at a particular vendor for a particular period.
y
The number of purchase orders for which you have already received goods.
y
Whether a vendor complies with his or her delivery dates.
y
Whether a goods receipt and invoice receipt are correct.
y
The average value of each purchase order for a purchasing group.
You can also carry out analyses for master data, as well as for documents. For example, you can
output a list of all purchasing info records for a material or vendor, or you can obtain an overview of
the material master records in your enterprise, based on particular criteria.
The analyses in the R/3 System provide you with a quick and convenient overview, enabling you to
act accordingly.
© SAP AG
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Scope of List and Selection Parameters
Vendor
Purch. organization
Scope of list
Selection parameters
Document type
Purchasing group
Plant
Item category
Acct assgmt cat.
Delivery date
Validity key date
T-L05B03
1000
BEST
INVOICE
1000
Scope of list
Description of scope of list
ALL
:
:
:
: :
BEST
: :
: :
RAHM
SelParam
Descript. Selection parameters
A-ERLEDIGT
Completed RFQs
:
Open invoices
:
:
Open goods receipt
: :
INVOICE
: :
: :
GR 101
Outline agreements
All
Purchase orders
:
:
:
Scope of list parameters determine which data is displayed for a document. You can decide whether
you want a list in short form or whether it should contain more information (for example, lines for
open purchase order quantity and value or the validity period of outline agreements). You can
configure scope-of-list parameters in Customizing for Purchasing.
The selection parameter determines which purchasing documents the report evaluates. In this
example, the system will only evaluate purchasing documents for which you have still to receive an
invoice. In Customizing, you can define your own selection parameters.
If, at regular intervals, you carry out a particular list display using the same selections, it is
worthwhile creating a variant. This reduces data entry time and prevents errors during entry.
You can store your own variants or use existing ones.
You can define any number of variants for a report.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
SAP List Viewer and ALV Grid Control
SAP List Viewer
ALV Grid Control
The SAP List Viewer and the ALV Grid Control standardize and simplify the handling of lists in
the SAP R/3 System. There is a consistent interface and list format available for the lists. Redundant
functions are therefore avoided. The ALV Grid Control is not only used to display lists (such as
material document lists), but is also used in other transactions (for example, purchase requisitions).
Not all lists in the components of the SAP R/3 System use the complete scope of the SAP List
Viewer. Some lists also offer particular functions that overlap the scope of the SAP List Viewer. You
can change the list display and contents using the layout.
To summarize, the essential elements of the SAP List Viewer and the ALV Grid Control are:
• consistent design of all lists and tables
• cross-application standardized functions with consistent icons
• simple creation and change of the layouts
Note: Not all lists in the SAP R/3 System are prepared with one of these display tools.
For more information about the SAP List Viewer, see the SAP R/3 documentation (Cross-
Application Components –> General Application Functions; and Basis Components –> Basis-
Services/Communication Interfaces).
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
Functions of the ALV / SAP Grid Control
Sort (ascending)
Total values
Subtotal
Select detail
Set filter
Sort (descending)
Current layout
The SAP List Viewer and the ALV Grid Control offer the following functions:
y
Select detail: You receive further information about a selected line, and other information that is
not shown in the list.
y
Set filter: With the filter function, you can only display the lines that fulfill particular criteria in
one or several columns. To set a filter, select one or more columns by clicking on the column
header, and select Set filter. In the dialog box, enter the required restrictions for the selected
columns.
y
Sort: Lists can be sorted in ascending or descending order. Select the column and choose one of
these sort functions.
y
Total values: Within a list, you can total one or more selected columns. You can total both value
columns and quantity columns.
y
Generate subtotal: If you have generated a sum for at least one column within a list, you can also
generate subtotals. Subtotals can be generated for one or more selected columns without value or
quantity columns.
y
Layout: You can use layouts to change how your list is displayed. For more information on this,
see the next page.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
Layout and Display Variant
Change layout
Show selected
fields
Functions
Select layout
Change layout
Save layout
Manage layout
Change display
variant
Which fields are
displayed for the
selected objects and
in which order?
Functions
Select layout
Change layout
Save layout
Manage layout
Change display
variant
Which fields are
displayed for the
selected objects and
in which order?
Hide selected
fields
You can use layouts to change how lists are displayed. You can then display additional fields from
the column set, or hide unwanted fields from the column selection. You can also put the fields in the
order you choose, and generate totals. You can also adjust the size of the columns.
You have the option of saving these changes as your own layout. You can create your own variants
cross-user or user-specifically. SAP delivers standard layouts for your own lists.
The screen above shows the dialog box Change layout for the detail list of the material document
list.
It depends on the particular list whether layouts can be used.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
LIS
LIS
LIS
PPIS
PPIS
PPIS
SIS
SIS
SIS
PURCHIS
PURCHIS
PURCHIS
INVCO
INVCO
INVCO
RIS
RIS
RIS
QMIS
QMIS
QMIS
PMIS
PMIS
PMIS
WMIS
WMIS
WMIS
R1
:
R4
1988
------
------
------
1994
------
------
------
MM-
MM-
PUR
PUR
SD
SD
QM
QM
PM
PM
PP
PP
MM-
MM-
IM
IM
WM
WM
R/3
SAP Logistics Information System (LIS)
SAP Logistics offers a range of application-related information systems. All have a standard
interface and similar basic functionality.
All Logistics information systems have the same type of data retention. A range of special tools and
ways of working emphasize the typical character of a data warehouse in the LIS.
In Logistics, you can distinguish between the following information systems:
y
SIS Sales Information System
y
PURCHIS Purchasing Information System
y
INVCO Inventory Controlling
y
WMIS Warehouse Management Information System
y
PPIS Shop Floor Information System
y
QMIS Quality Management Information System
y
PMIS Plant Maintenance Information System
y
RIS Retail Information System
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
Qty
Time
Info structures
Business
Intelligence
SAP R/3
SAP R/3
SAP R/2
SAP R/2
S012
S012
LIS updating
S...
S...
S039
S039
S001
S001
Online
Transaction
Processing
DATA
WARE-
HOUSE
OLTP
OLAP
Online
Analytical
Processing
The Logistics Data Warehouse in the SAP System
The information systems in the LIS are continuously supplied with data from the transaction systems
(Sales and Distribution, Purchasing, Production, Plant Maintenance, and so on). This level is also
known as OLTP (Online Transaction Processing). The data can come from documents in the SAP
R/2 or SAP R/3 system, or from non-SAP systems.
Important information is stored in the SAP Open Information Warehouse's own database, which is
maintained in parallel to the operational systems. As data is updated periodically, the data volume is
reduced quantitatively and the information is reduced qualitatively to the sections relevant to
statistics.
Convenient analysis and reporting tools are available at OLAP level (Online Analytic Processing) for
analyzing data.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
Info structure:
Info structure:
Purchasing
Purchasing
Characteristics
Plant
Material
Vendor
Period unit
Key figure
Monthly
Weekly
Daily
PO quantity
PO value
No. of deliveries
Last purchase order
Standard info structures
Standard info structures
Purchasing
Purchasing
Production
Production
S&D
S&D
Logistics Data Warehouse
The physical tables in the SAP Information Warehouse are information structures, or info structures
for short. These have a typical structure.
The objects to be analyzed in the real business world go into info structures as evaluation groups in
the form of characteristics. Statistical information on characteristics, such as vendor, customer, or
material is aggregated. Organizational elements, such as purchasing group, material group, valuation
area, plant, or storage location are also used as characteristics in info structures.
Time base is another option for aggregation. Data is not only aggregated per characteristic, but also
by period. With regard to periodicity, you can aggregate data on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis.
The system updates Logistics key figures for each characteristic combination and periodicity. This
encompasses quantitative factors informing you of measurable subject matters. Key figures can be
cumulated per evaluation group, for example, order quantity, or production order quantity. They can
also be a single counter, for example, "number of deliveries".
The standard R/3 System contains various info structures for different application areas. You can use
convenient tools to group characteristics and key figures into individual info structures to meet your
requirements and use separate update programs to fill them with data.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
From Document to Analysis
Purch. ord.
Vendor: 1000
PO date: May 15, 98
10 pcs M-01 at 1100 UNI 11 000
10 pcs M-02 at 1000 UNI 10 000
Info structure
in Purchasing
Vendor
1000
1000
1100
Material
M-01
M-02
M-01
Month
05.98
05.98
05.98
PO val.
11 000
30 000
13 000
Material: M-01
Month: May 98
PO value
11 000
13 000
Vendor
1000
1100
Vendor: 1000
Month: May 98
PO value
11 000
30 000
Material
M-01
M-02
When you post a document, as is shown here using a purchase order, the system updates the key
figures of the info structures for the relevant characteristic combinations.
If there is no data record for the characteristic combination in the document, the system creates a new
data record and enters the characteristics and key figures (example: vendor 1000, material M-01,
month 05.98, purchase order value 11 000).
If the characteristic combination already exists in the info structure, the system increases or
decreases the key figures in the data line by the relevant values (example: vendor 1000, material M-
02, month 05.98, purchase order value (old) 20 000 + purchase order value (document) 10 000 =
purchase order value (new) 30 000).
In the various analyses, lists can be created for all possible characteristic combinations on the basis
of data in the info structures.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
Flexible analysis
Flexible analysis
Standard analysis
Advanced analysis
Advanced analysis
techniques
techniques
z
z
Selection versions
Selection versions
z
z
Authorizations
Authorizations
z
z
Hierarchies
Hierarchies
EWS
EWS
Early Warning System
Early Warning System
FI
PP
MM
External
data
SD
Reporting in the LIS
The standard analyses in LIS offer numerous ways of analyzing data. Standard analyses offer a
multitude of functions that enable a detailed and specific analysis of data.
In each standard analysis, you can use various selection options to determine the scope of data to be
analyzed. You can preset the selection of key figures you want to analyze or it can be carried out
interactively during the analysis.
You can use the Early Warning System (EWS) to look for any unusual situations and react to and
correct these in good time.
Using flexible analyses, you can individually compile and compress key figures. You can also
structure the layout of your report to meet your requirements. For reports, you can also define key
figures composed of computing formulas from existing key figures. This means that you can
multiply key figures or calculate the quotient of two key figures, for example. The data contained in
the list can be converted into graphic format.
The Logistics Data Warehouse is open and therefore allows you to carry out analyses using external
programs, such as MS-EXCEL or native SQL.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
Functions
z
ABC analysis
z
Classification
z
Dual classification
z
Pld act. comparison
z
Cum. freq. curve
z
Correlation
z
Time series
Additional
information
z
Master data
z
Documents
z
Info jump
Purchasing group: Morgan
Vendor:
Smith Ltd
Month
PO value
02.1998
03.1998
25 000
35 000
20 000
30 000
Purchasing group: Morgan
Vendor
PO value
Inv. amnt
60 000
40 000
50 000
40 000
Purchasing group analysis
PO value
Inv. amnt
100 000
200 000
90 000
195 000
Drill down
by
vendor
Purchasing
group
Morgan
Smith
Drill down
by
period
Miller Ltd
Russell Ltd
Inv. amnt
Data selection
z
Multiple selection
z
Self-defined hierarchies
z
Selection options
z
Variants
Reporting in Standard Analyses
Standard analyses provide a wide range of functions for creating presentations and analyses for the
data basis in the LIS.
The data basis for a standard analysis is established when you determine an object to analyze (for
example, purchasing group, vendor, material group, and so on) and make selections.
This data is then organized and can be displayed in an initial list and a variety of drill-down lists.
Each analysis can be archived.
You can use the standard transactions in the application to display the complete master record or
document information from the various drill-down levels of the list.
A wide range of functions can be used to individually examine the key figures and characteristic
values on which the analysis is based from a business perspective. All the functions for statistical
analyses are graphically supported.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
You are now able to:
Reporting in MM: Unit Summary
z
Explain the difference between
standard reporting and standard
analysis
z
Describe the basics of the Logistics
Information System
z
Perform basic standard reporting and
standard analyses
© SAP AG
TSCM50
12-17
Reporting in MM -
Exercises
Unit: Reporting in MM
Topic: List Displays and the Logistics Information
System
At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Create list displays for various documents and transactions
• Interpret the information in standard analyses
To optimize internal processes, you regularly create list displays
to inform you about the status of your purchase orders, info
records, and other documents in the system. You already use
condensed information from the Logistics Information System for
your reports to management.
1-1
Open goods receipts
Display a list of all the purchase orders for purchasing organization 1000 and plant
1000 for which goods receipts are still open. Limit the search period to the last 24
months.
To do this, choose the
Document date
field
(From: Current date–24 months To: Current date).
Optional: Define for yourself a variant for the purchase order document overview
in accordance with these specifications.
1-2
Goods receipts that have been posted
You want a list of all material documents for materials T-RM1## to T-RM4##
that were placed into storage in plant 1000 using movement type 101 (goods
receipt into unrestricted-use stock).
© SAP AG
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1-3
Analyze purchasing values for purchasing groups
You want to use the Purchasing Information System to determine a standard
analysis for the scope of procurement for purchasing groups T01 to T18 for the
purchasing organization 1000. Limit the analysis period from last month to the
current and previous month.
1-3-1 Change the characteristic display
You want to display both the name of the purchasing group and the key for
the characteristic. Choose the relevant characteristic display.
1-3-2 Add key figures
You need information about the number of purchase order items and the
number of deliveries. Add these two key figures to the standard analysis.
Make a note of the total purchase order value and the total number of
purchase order items for your purchasing group T##.
PO value:______________
No. of purchase orders:____________
What amount has already been settled? __________________
1-3-3 Display vendors for a purchasing group
With which vendors have you effected purchase orders for purchasing group
T##? Make a note of the number of vendors and the total purchase order
value.
Number_______________ PO
value:________________________
1-3-4 Determine the top five purchasing groups
Which purchasing groups had the five highest purchase order values during
the analysis period? Make a note of the total PO value of the first
purchasing group.
PO value:______________________________________________
© SAP AG
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1-3-5 Perform an ABC analysis
Determine the most important vendor in terms of purchase order value for
purchasing organization 1000 and the purchasing groups T01 to T18. To do
this, carry out an ABC analysis for the value key Purchase order value.
Choose the percentage total of the purchase order value. Segment A is 70 %,
segment B is 20 %, and segment C is 10 %.
Look at the complete list for the ABC analysis of the purchase order value.
Which vendor has the highest purchase order value?
Vendor:_______________________________________________
Before you perform the ABC analysis, make sure you are
in the initial list. From the initial list, you then switch the
drill-down to the vendor.
View
→ Switch drill-down... [X] → Vendor
1-3-6
Display the selection log
To interpret the result of your analysis correctly, it is important that you
know the selection criteria used in the analysis. You should therefore look at
the selection log for purchasing group analysis. What is the key and
description of the info structure for this analysis?
Info structure
__________________________________________
1-4
Analysis of storage locations
You want to use Inventory Controlling to analyze your storage location stocks and
possibly transfer materials that are stored in the wrong place. Check which stocks
are located in storage location 0001 of plant 1000.
Analysis period:
From the current date minus 12 months up to the current month.
Choose the drill-down by material group and display as a graphic the receipt
quantities per material group.
Expand for each month the material group with the greatest receipt quantity and
display the materials for the month that has the greatest receipt quantity.
Create a top-ten list in terms of the consumption quantities.
© SAP AG
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Reporting in MM -
Solutions
Unit: Reporting in MM
Topic: List Displays and the Logistics Information
System
1-1
Open goods receipts
Logistics
→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order
→
List
Displays
→
By Vendor
Vendor
(No entry)
Purchasing organization
1000
Scope of list
BEST
Selection parameter
WE101
Purchasing group
(No entry)
Plant
1000
Document date
(Period within the last 24
months)
1-2
Goods receipts that have been posted
Logistics
→ Materials Management → Inventory Management →
Environment
→ List Displays → Material Documents
Material
T-RM1## to T-RM4##
Plant
1000
Movement type
101
© SAP AG
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1-3
Analyze purchasing values for purchasing groups
Logistics
→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order
→ Reporting → Purchasing Information System →Standard Analyses →
Purchasing Group
Alternatively:
Logistics
→ Logistics Controlling → Purchasing Information System
→ Standard Analyses → Purchasing Group
Purch. organization
1000
Purchasing group
T01 to T18
Analysis period
(Current month and previous
month)
1-3-1 Change the characteristic display
→ Settings → Char. display → Key and description
If the column width is not sufficient to display the characteristics, you can
increase the width by double-clicking the relevant column and entering a
higher value for the width.
1-3-2 Add key figures
→ Edit → Choose key figures
Select the key figures PO items and Deliveries in the stock list and add them
both to the selection by choosing [
;
] .
1-3-3 Display vendors for a purchasing group
Select your purchasing group and expand it by vendor. (
→ View → Drill-
down by
→ Vendor
or choose [Drill-down by
...
])
1-3-4 Determine the top 5 purchasing groups
Navigate to the original list for all purchasing groups via
→ View → Basic
list
Select the column that shows the purchase order value and choose
[
Top
n...
]. Restrict the number to 5 purchasing groups.
© SAP AG
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1-3-5 Perform an ABC analysis
Go to the basic list again and then switch the drill-down to display by
vendor.
Select the PO value column.
Choose
→ Edit → ABC analysis
and the
Total PO value strategy (%). Accept the proposed segment sizes.
In the graphic displayed, you can look at the segment overview or the
individual segments in the list display.
1-3-6 Display the selection log
→ Extras → Selection log
The info structure is S011 – Purchasing groups
1-4
Analysis of storage locations
Logistics
→ Materials Management → Inventory Management →
Environment
→ Inventory Controlling → Standard Analyses → Storage
Location
Alternatively:
Logistics
→ Logistics Controlling → Inventory Controlling
→ Standard Analyses → Storage Location
Plant
1000
Storage location
0001
Analysis period
(Current month including the
past 12 months)
Switch the drill-down to selection by material group by choosing
[Switch drill-
down...]
(or
→ View → Switch drill-down
).
To go to the graphic display, choose [
Graphic...
] (or
→ Goto → Graphic
)
.
Select the group with the highest receipt quantity and expand it by month by
choosing [Drill-down by
...
] (or
→ View → Drill-down by
).
Choose the month that has the greatest receipt quantity and expand it by
material.
Select the column that shows the consumption quantities and choose
[
Top n...
].
In the Number field, enter the value 10.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
z
Brief Explanation of 'Supply Chain Management'
z
External Procurement and EBP (overview)
z
External Procurement and APO (overview)
z
Subcontracting
Contents:
External Procurement with mySAP SCM
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
z
Specify the main elements of Supply Chain
Management (SCM)
z
Outline an external procurement process with
EBP
z
Explain an external procurement process with an
APO connection
At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to
External Procurement with mySAP SCM: Objectives
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 1999
External Procurement with mySAP_SCM: Course
Overview Diagram
Procurement of Stock
Material
Reporting in Material
Management
External Procurement
with mySAP SCM
Procurement of
External Services
Subcontracting
Basic of Procurement
Process
Master Data
Procurement of
Consumable Material
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
Increased reaction to customer requirements with
minimal costs
You company does not assemble ignition systems, you
sent the parts to a subcontractor for assembly.
Manufacturer
Distribution
Vendor
Information flow
Retail
Consumer
Optimization of supply chain
CASHFLOW
Transfer
Transfer
Transfer
Transfer
The Supply Chain from Vendor to Customer
Supply Chain Management includes the management of the material, information and capital flows
in a network consisting of vendors, manufacturers, distributors and customers. The coordination and
integration of this flow within a company and between companies are vital for effective supply chain
management.
Reasons for supply chain management:
y
Decrease in delivery costs for end results and raw materials
y
Improvement of customer service
y
Significant decrease of warehouse stocks
y
Use of all resources to the advantage of the company.
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
The mySAP Supply Chain Management Solution
External
Procurement
Procurement
Delivery
Sales and
Logistics
Manufacture
Production
Supply Chain Design
Strategy
Sales and
Delivery Planning
Planning
Supply Chain Performance Management
Supply Chain Event Management
Supply
C
h
a
in C
o
lla
bora
tion
Supply
C
h
a
in C
o
lla
bora
tion
Partner
Partner
Customer
Vendor
mySAP Supply Chain Management (SCM) is an extensive solution that enables a company to plan
and realize products or services efficiently throughout the entire life cycle. This solution supports a
synchronized and close interaction between all departments (and people) affected in a supply chain.
In this complete solution, customers, sales, production planning, production, inventory control,
logistics, purchasing, and vendors are involved. An important focal point is the processing of cross-
company and cooperating planning and procurement processes. This processing also enables a link
to open marketplaces.
Within mySAP.com, the mySAP Supply Chain Management solution supports the complete range of
company scenarios and roles in connection with mySAP Enterprise Portal and Marketplaces.
The following cross-company (collaborative) and internet-based (e-)scenarios should also be
mentioned here:
y
Cross-company requirements planning
y
Cross-company delivery planning
y
Cross-company procurement (EBP, B2C)
y
e-quotation processing
y
e-order management.
© SAP AG
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SCM: Procurement Scenarios
EBP
XML
Vendor
Catalog
Marketplaces
R/3 Back-End
APO
Invoice
Production
planning
Invoice
Confirmation (GR)
RFQ
Purchase order
Workflow:
approval
Shopping cart
PReq/pur. order
or reservation
Materials planning
FI, CO
Goods receipt or
service entry
Inventory
Mngmnt
© SAP AG
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Enterprise Buyer Professional (EBP)
© SAP AG
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SAP AG 2002
Typical Roles in EBP
• approve
or reject
RC requests
Manager
• navigate through online catalogs
• create a shopping cart
• place purchase orders or
save the shopping cart
• check the status
Employee
• receive purchase orders
• confirm goods delivery or
supply external services
• create invoices
Vendor
• accept
articles (GR)
• check
invoices
Employee
The employees in your company are responsible for the procurement of goods and services that you
need for your work area. The Purchasing department is therefore relieved of this work and can
concentrate on strategic tasks, such as contractual negotiation.
The employees either look in the catalogs for suitable materials or services, or enter the requirement
directly in the entry screen and create a shopping cart. You can either save this requirement or assign
a purchase order.
As soon as an order has been placed, the Enterprise Buyer System checks whether the requirements
coverage request needs to be approved.
If the manager rejects the request, the employee receives this information from a work item in the
inbox. The employees can then process the requirement coverage request directly from the work
item.
The purchase order arrives at the vendor. When the goods have been delivered, or the service has
been performed, the employees confirm this. If business partners enter a confirmation, the system
initiates a workflow and sends the confirmation to the employees' inbox for approval.
The employees check these documents (invoice or confirmation) and release them. If a document
contains errors, the employees can refuse approval. The system informs the vendor or service
provider by e-mail.
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EBP Process (Local)
FI, CO
MM
CO doc.
(commitment)
Shopping cart
(EBP)
Purchase order
Confirm
goods receipt
Enterprise Buyer
R/3 Back-End System
Message
Accounting
doc. IR
Create
invoice
Order
There are only local documents in the 'local' EBP process. Purchase order data and the resulting
follow-on documents (goods receipt, invoice) are only saved in the EBP system and are not
transferred to an R/3 back-end. However, the message is outputted in EBP.
MM is not required in the back-end for local EBP processes. In this case, inventory management
cannot take place (this is not possible in EBP). Therefore, only consumable material procurement
(Indirect Procurement) is possible, stock material procurement (Direct Procurement) is not.
Accounting data cannot be entered in the EBP. Data such as commitments or vendor liabilities is
transferred to the FI back-end.
The Enterprise Buyer Professional can communicate with several back-end systems.
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Back-End Process
FI / CO
MM
CO doc.
(commitment)
Accounting
doc. IR
Invoice
Accounting
doc. GR
Enterprise Buyer
R/3 Back-End System
Message
Confirm
goods receipt
Purchase order
Shopping cart
Create
invoice
Purchase
requisition
Goods receipt
Order
In the back-end process, one or more back-end documents come from a single shopping cart. These
may be reservations, purchase requisitions or purchase orders. If there are any messages, the system
issues them in the back-end.
You can choose whether further processing of this back-end process takes place in the EBP or in the
R/3 back-end. This means you can choose which system to create goods receipts and/or invoices in.
Whichever system you choose, the follow-on documents are updated in both the EBP shopping cart
and the back-end order.
This scenario requires Materials Management in the R/3 back-end, thus enabling stock material
procurement (Direct Procurement).
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Shop
Purchasing
Description
Product
Shop
Description
Product
You can create your shopping cart items in different ways.
y
If you enter the product number directly, the EBP system determines the relevant description,
details and, if necessary, a source of supply. A product can be a material or a service.
y
You can also create an item without references. If you do this, you must enter a description,
quantity, unit of measure and a product category (= material group) manually.
y
If you choose an item from a catalog, the product number and/or description, details, product
category, vendor, and price are provided.
y
You can store items that you always need in a list of favorites.
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Shopping Cart
Phoenix Enterprises
...
Delivery address
Very important..
Internal memo
134 available in plant
3200
Availability
Product ID 100-100
Description ...
Qty 1 piece
...
Basic data
Cost center 1000
Consumption account
400000
...
Acct assgt
File:
description.doc
Asset
Please deliver ...
PO text
Arami-00 23 USD
...
Sources
Detail
The shopping cart itself is not a purchase order. Different follow-on documents are created according
to the completeness of the data (vendor, price) and system configuration. These may be local
purchase orders, back-end purchase orders, or other back-end documents (purchase requisition,
reservation).
For more information, use the detail button:
y
Basic data, Account assignment, Purchase order text, Asset, Internal memo, Delivery address,
Availability, Sources.
y
If the system cannot determine a source of supply, you can enter a preferred vendor.
y
An availability check can take place across plants (APO is not required).
In the Enterprise Buyer Professional, various approval scenarios for shopping carts and other
documents can be implemented with standard workflows.
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Confirm Goods Receipt
Wareneingang bestätigen
2
1
3
Confirm Goods Receipt
When you enter goods receipts, refer to the purchase order. If you do not know the purchase order
number, you can search via the material, time period or name of the shopping cart.
With this transaction, you can display confirmations and reversal postings.
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Invoice and Credit Memo
Invoice and Credit Memo
2
1
3
You also create the invoice with reference to the purchase order. If you do not know the purchase
order number, you can search via the material, time period or name of the shopping cart.
In this transaction, you can display invoices and create credit memos.
You can create invoices or credit memos without reference to a purchase order.
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mySAP Supplier Relationship Management
SAPEPR 2 days
mySAP E-Procurement
Overview Course
**BC330 5 days
E-Commerce
Technical Core
Competence
**ITS070 2 days
SAP Internet
Transaction Server:
Administration
D30EPR 2 days
Delta EBP 2.0 after 3.0
*ECO220 5 days
Internet Sales
ECO690 3 days
SAP Online Store
EPR240 3 days
Catalog & Content
Management
EPR210 3 days
Enterprise Buyer
Professional
* See also mySAP CRM Curriculum
** See also mySAP Tech Curriculum
Notes:
y
The mySAP E-Procurement solution is included in the mySAP Supplier Relationship Management
(mySAP SRM) solution.
y
Please note that this curriculum and current information can be found under www.sap.com,
Education.
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mySAP Supplier Relationship Management
Vendors
Enterprise Systems
Enterprise Systems
Vendors
Web Browser
Web Browser
Exchange-based
integration
Potential
vendors
Portal-based
interaction
Design
Planning
Execution
SAP Markets, the exchange company of the SAP group, presents with mySAP Supplier Relationship
Management (mySAP SRM) a new and extensive software solution for the management of vendor
relationships. Companies can use mySAP SRM to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of
their value chains.
mySAP SRM enables processing of relationships with vendors of all sizes and with a complete range
of technical facilities. Vendors profit from mySAP SRM by having easier system integration and
better cooperation possibilities, and therefore gain higher profits, decrease their sales costs and
ensure greater customer satisfaction. Using external services, small-scale suppliers can process
orders, create invoices or update prices and specifications without having to invest in their own IT
infrastructure. All vendors profit from the increased transparency of the purchasing behavior of their
customers. mySAP SRM reduces transaction costs, increases precision of process flows, helps to
recognise new business prospects, and leads to a higher efficiency of sales and distribution
processes.
Vendors with existing sales and distribution solutions can be connected using the exchange
infrastructure of mySAP Technology. To summarize, mySAP SRM reduces the costs of business
relationships by automating cross-company processes, for all parties concerned. The exchange
infrastructure of mySAP Technology includes functions for cross-company integration, that were
developed by SAP Markets Partner, Commerce One.
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Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO)
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l
Locations
l
Transportation lanes
l
External procurement
l
Stock transfer
Objects in the Supply Chain Network
TSP
MRP
area
Stock transfer
point
Transport.
zone
Vendor
Plant
DC
Cstmr
In APO, vendors, customers and also plants are portrayed as locations. Other location types are
distribution centers (DC), transportation service providers (TSP), transportation zones or MRP areas.
The material flow between locations is modeled using transportation lanes. Transportation lanes
represent the relationship between a source location (such as a vendor) and a destination location
(plant). Each transportation lane is also dependent on the direction of the product flow, and is
assigned all products (materials) that are transported, and available means of transport.
You can extend transportation lanes to external procurement relationships. External procurement
relationships map info records and outline agreements from the R/3 System to the APO System. If
external procurement relationships are included in APO, a source determination takes place in the
planning run in APO.
"Simple" transportation lanes are used for stock transfers. Transportation costs and capacities can
therefore also be taken into account in planning in APO.
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Vendor's
warehouse
Manufacturer
distribution
center
Customer
distribution
center
Production process model
Production
plant
Vendor's plant
Beyond Conventional Planning
Supply Network Planning (SNP) integrates the areas Purchasing, Production, Distribution and
Transportation. It is therefore possible to simulate and convert extensive tactical planning decisions
using sources of supply, based on a single global and consistent model.
SNP knows the stocks and previously planned receipts for end results and components of all
connected OLTP systems.
Using various planning methods, cross-location, viable plans can be made for the material flow
along the supply chain, taking constraints and penalties into consideration. The result is optimized
purchasing, production and distribution decisions, reduced warehouse stock, and improved customer
service.
Possible constraints may include material availability and free availability of warehouse, work
center, transportation, and handling capacities.
Supply Network Planning: Finite, cross-location, medium to long-term production and
procurement planning with simultaneous material planning and capacity planning.
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External Procurement Process with APO: Example
R/3 System
Sales orders,
reservations etc
Purchase req.
with source of supply
Purchase order update/
stock adjustment
Purchase order/
contract release ord.
APO
Confirmation/
purchase order update
Reqmnts planning with
source determination
Goods receipt
Purchase order/
contract release ord.
Enter confirmation
Purchase req.
with source of supply
If there is an external procurement relationship for a product in APO, this is assigned during the
planning run as a source of supply to the purchase requisition, which is then transferred to the R/3
System.
Generate purchase order: The R/3 System converts the purchase requisition to a purchase order, and
transfers the purchase order number to the APO System.
Enter confirmation: Shipping notification takes place in the R/3 System. As soon as the shipping
notification exists in the R/3 System, the system automatically transfers it to the APO System. The
system reduces the requirement quantities in APO to the notified quantity.
Post goods receipt: The goods receipt is posted in the R/3 System. As soon as you have posted the
goods receipt, the system automatically transfers it to APO. APO increases the stock and reduces the
open purchase order quantity. APO reduces the shipping notification (if used) to the goods receipt
quantity.
In this example, only the purchase requisition is created in APO, all further steps, such as conversion
of the purchase requisition into a purchase order take place in the R/3 System. It is also possible to
map the entire procurement process from the Purchasing view to the APO System. Confirmations,
and goods and invoice receipts are never entered in APO.
Note: For more detailed information on external procurement with APO, see the course SCM560
External Procurement with APO.
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z
Specify the main elements of Supply Chain
Management (SCM)
z
Outline an external procurement process with EBP
z
Explain an external procurement process with an
APO connection
You are now able to
External Procurement with mySAP SCM: Summary