7053 TSCM 50 1 parte (12 13)

E-MSG

MÁSTER EN SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN DE EMPRESA
SAP R/3

2003-2004
Certificación MM (7053)
Juan Carlos Sarrasi-Xavier Rovira
TSCM 50-1ª parte (12-13)

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SAP AG 1999

Contents:

Reporting in MM

Reporting at Document Level

Reporting with the Logistics Information System (LIS)

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At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Reporting in MM: Unit Objectives

Explain the difference between standard reporting
and standard analysis

Describe the basics of the Logistics Information
System

Perform basic standard reporting and standard
analyses

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Reporting in Material Management: Course

Overview Diagram

Procurement of Stock

Material

Reporting in Material

Management

External Procurement

with mySAP SCM

Procurement of

External Services

Subcontracting

Basic of Procurement
Process

Master Data

Procurement of
Consumable Material

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SAP AG 1999

Reporting in MM: Business Scenario

Your company monitors all areas regarding
possibilities of reducing cost and improving
efficiency.

The project team analyzes the reporting
functionality of SAP R/3 at transaction and
document level.

The project team wants to find out if the SAP R/3
System is capable of providing management with
condensed key indicators for enterprise-relevant
processes in a timely manner.

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Standard reporting

List

Purchase
order

GR doc.

Invoice

Document entry

Master data

Standard Reporting

Material

Vendor

Info records

.....

Document

database

In Purchasing, you enter a variety of documents. The R/3 System updates these documents and stores
them in database tables. In the R/3 System, you can use Standard Analysis to analyze the information
contained in the documents.

As the employee responsible in Purchasing, you want to obtain an overview of your vendors and
purchasing organizations. For example, you want know:

Which purchase orders were effected at a particular vendor for a particular period.

The number of purchase orders for which you have already received goods.

Whether a vendor complies with his or her delivery dates.

Whether a goods receipt and invoice receipt are correct.

The average value of each purchase order for a purchasing group.

You can also carry out analyses for master data, as well as for documents. For example, you can
output a list of all purchasing info records for a material or vendor, or you can obtain an overview of
the material master records in your enterprise, based on particular criteria.

The analyses in the R/3 System provide you with a quick and convenient overview, enabling you to
act accordingly.

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Scope of List and Selection Parameters

Vendor

Purch. organization

Scope of list

Selection parameters

Document type

Purchasing group

Plant

Item category

Acct assgmt cat.

Delivery date

Validity key date

T-L05B03

1000

BEST

INVOICE

1000

Scope of list

Description of scope of list

ALL

: :

BEST

: :

RAHM

SelParam

Descript. Selection parameters

A-ERLEDIGT

Completed RFQs

Open invoices

Open goods receipt

: :

INVOICE

: :

GR 101

Outline agreements

All

Purchase orders

Scope of list parameters determine which data is displayed for a document. You can decide whether
you want a list in short form or whether it should contain more information (for example, lines for
open purchase order quantity and value or the validity period of outline agreements). You can
configure scope-of-list parameters in Customizing for Purchasing.

The selection parameter determines which purchasing documents the report evaluates. In this
example, the system will only evaluate purchasing documents for which you have still to receive an
invoice. In Customizing, you can define your own selection parameters.

If, at regular intervals, you carry out a particular list display using the same selections, it is
worthwhile creating a variant. This reduces data entry time and prevents errors during entry.
You can store your own variants or use existing ones.

You can define any number of variants for a report.

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SAP AG 2002

SAP List Viewer and ALV Grid Control

SAP List Viewer

ALV Grid Control

The SAP List Viewer and the ALV Grid Control standardize and simplify the handling of lists in
the SAP R/3 System. There is a consistent interface and list format available for the lists. Redundant
functions are therefore avoided. The ALV Grid Control is not only used to display lists (such as
material document lists), but is also used in other transactions (for example, purchase requisitions).

Not all lists in the components of the SAP R/3 System use the complete scope of the SAP List
Viewer. Some lists also offer particular functions that overlap the scope of the SAP List Viewer. You
can change the list display and contents using the layout.

To summarize, the essential elements of the SAP List Viewer and the ALV Grid Control are:

• consistent design of all lists and tables

• cross-application standardized functions with consistent icons

• simple creation and change of the layouts

Note: Not all lists in the SAP R/3 System are prepared with one of these display tools.

For more information about the SAP List Viewer, see the SAP R/3 documentation (Cross-
Application Components –> General Application Functions; and Basis Components –> Basis-
Services/Communication Interfaces).

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Functions of the ALV / SAP Grid Control

Sort (ascending)

Total values

Subtotal

Select detail

Set filter

Sort (descending)

Current layout

The SAP List Viewer and the ALV Grid Control offer the following functions:

Select detail: You receive further information about a selected line, and other information that is

not shown in the list.

Set filter: With the filter function, you can only display the lines that fulfill particular criteria in

one or several columns. To set a filter, select one or more columns by clicking on the column
header, and select Set filter. In the dialog box, enter the required restrictions for the selected
columns.

Sort: Lists can be sorted in ascending or descending order. Select the column and choose one of

these sort functions.

Total values: Within a list, you can total one or more selected columns. You can total both value

columns and quantity columns.

Generate subtotal: If you have generated a sum for at least one column within a list, you can also

generate subtotals. Subtotals can be generated for one or more selected columns without value or
quantity columns.

Layout: You can use layouts to change how your list is displayed. For more information on this,

see the next page.

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Layout and Display Variant

Change layout

Show selected
fields

Functions

Select layout
Change layout
Save layout
Manage layout

Change display
variant

Which fields are
displayed for the
selected objects and
in which order?

Functions

Select layout
Change layout
Save layout
Manage layout

Change display
variant

Which fields are
displayed for the
selected objects and
in which order?

Hide selected
fields

You can use layouts to change how lists are displayed. You can then display additional fields from
the column set, or hide unwanted fields from the column selection. You can also put the fields in the
order you choose, and generate totals. You can also adjust the size of the columns.

You have the option of saving these changes as your own layout. You can create your own variants
cross-user or user-specifically. SAP delivers standard layouts for your own lists.

The screen above shows the dialog box Change layout for the detail list of the material document
list.

It depends on the particular list whether layouts can be used.

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SAP AG 1999

LIS

PPIS

SIS

PURCHIS

INVCO

RIS

QMIS

PMIS

WMIS

R1
:
R4

1988

------
------
------

1994

------
------
------

MM-

PUR

MM-

R/3

SAP Logistics Information System (LIS)

SAP Logistics offers a range of application-related information systems. All have a standard
interface and similar basic functionality.
All Logistics information systems have the same type of data retention. A range of special tools and
ways of working emphasize the typical character of a data warehouse in the LIS.

In Logistics, you can distinguish between the following information systems:

SIS Sales Information System

PURCHIS Purchasing Information System

INVCO Inventory Controlling

WMIS Warehouse Management Information System

PPIS Shop Floor Information System

QMIS Quality Management Information System

PMIS Plant Maintenance Information System

RIS Retail Information System

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SAP AG 1999

Qty

Time

Info structures

Business

Intelligence

SAP R/3

SAP R/2

S012

LIS updating

S...

S039

S001

Online

Transaction

Processing

DATA

WARE-

HOUSE

OLTP

OLAP

Online

Analytical

Processing

The Logistics Data Warehouse in the SAP System

The information systems in the LIS are continuously supplied with data from the transaction systems
(Sales and Distribution, Purchasing, Production, Plant Maintenance, and so on). This level is also
known as OLTP (Online Transaction Processing). The data can come from documents in the SAP
R/2 or SAP R/3 system, or from non-SAP systems.

Important information is stored in the SAP Open Information Warehouse's own database, which is
maintained in parallel to the operational systems. As data is updated periodically, the data volume is
reduced quantitatively and the information is reduced qualitatively to the sections relevant to
statistics.

Convenient analysis and reporting tools are available at OLAP level (Online Analytic Processing) for
analyzing data.

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Info structure:

Purchasing

Characteristics

Plant
Material
Vendor

Period unit

Key figure

Monthly
Weekly
Daily

PO quantity
PO value
No. of deliveries
Last purchase order

Standard info structures

Purchasing

Production

S&D

Logistics Data Warehouse

The physical tables in the SAP Information Warehouse are information structures, or info structures
for short. These have a typical structure.

The objects to be analyzed in the real business world go into info structures as evaluation groups in
the form of characteristics. Statistical information on characteristics, such as vendor, customer, or
material is aggregated. Organizational elements, such as purchasing group, material group, valuation
area, plant, or storage location are also used as characteristics in info structures.

Time base is another option for aggregation. Data is not only aggregated per characteristic, but also
by period. With regard to periodicity, you can aggregate data on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis.

The system updates Logistics key figures for each characteristic combination and periodicity. This
encompasses quantitative factors informing you of measurable subject matters. Key figures can be
cumulated per evaluation group, for example, order quantity, or production order quantity. They can
also be a single counter, for example, "number of deliveries".

The standard R/3 System contains various info structures for different application areas. You can use
convenient tools to group characteristics and key figures into individual info structures to meet your
requirements and use separate update programs to fill them with data.

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SAP AG 1999

From Document to Analysis

Purch. ord.

Vendor: 1000

PO date: May 15, 98

10 pcs M-01 at 1100 UNI 11 000

10 pcs M-02 at 1000 UNI 10 000

Info structure

in Purchasing

Vendor
1000
1000
1100

Material
M-01
M-02
M-01

Month
05.98
05.98
05.98

PO val.
11 000
30 000
13 000

Material: M-01
Month: May 98

PO value
11 000
13 000

Vendor
1000
1100

Vendor: 1000
Month: May 98

PO value
11 000
30 000

Material
M-01
M-02

When you post a document, as is shown here using a purchase order, the system updates the key
figures of the info structures for the relevant characteristic combinations.

If there is no data record for the characteristic combination in the document, the system creates a new
data record and enters the characteristics and key figures (example: vendor 1000, material M-01,
month 05.98, purchase order value 11 000).

If the characteristic combination already exists in the info structure, the system increases or
decreases the key figures in the data line by the relevant values (example: vendor 1000, material M-
02, month 05.98, purchase order value (old) 20 000 + purchase order value (document) 10 000 =
purchase order value (new) 30 000).

In the various analyses, lists can be created for all possible characteristic combinations on the basis
of data in the info structures.

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SAP AG 1999

Flexible analysis

Standard analysis

Advanced analysis

techniques

Selection versions

Authorizations

Hierarchies

EWS

Early Warning System

External

data

Reporting in the LIS

The standard analyses in LIS offer numerous ways of analyzing data. Standard analyses offer a
multitude of functions that enable a detailed and specific analysis of data.

In each standard analysis, you can use various selection options to determine the scope of data to be
analyzed. You can preset the selection of key figures you want to analyze or it can be carried out
interactively during the analysis.

You can use the Early Warning System (EWS) to look for any unusual situations and react to and
correct these in good time.

Using flexible analyses, you can individually compile and compress key figures. You can also
structure the layout of your report to meet your requirements. For reports, you can also define key
figures composed of computing formulas from existing key figures. This means that you can
multiply key figures or calculate the quotient of two key figures, for example. The data contained in
the list can be converted into graphic format.

The Logistics Data Warehouse is open and therefore allows you to carry out analyses using external
programs, such as MS-EXCEL or native SQL.

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Functions

ABC analysis

Classification

Dual classification

Pld act. comparison

Cum. freq. curve

Correlation

Time series

Additional
information

Master data

Documents

Info jump

Purchasing group: Morgan
Vendor:

Smith Ltd

Month

PO value

02.1998
03.1998

25 000
35 000

20 000
30 000

Purchasing group: Morgan

Vendor

PO value

Inv. amnt

60 000
40 000

50 000
40 000

Purchasing group analysis

PO value

Inv. amnt

100 000
200 000

90 000

195 000

Drill down

vendor

Purchasing

group

Morgan
Smith

Drill down

period

Miller Ltd
Russell Ltd

Inv. amnt

Data selection

Multiple selection

Self-defined hierarchies

Selection options

Variants

Reporting in Standard Analyses

Standard analyses provide a wide range of functions for creating presentations and analyses for the
data basis in the LIS.

The data basis for a standard analysis is established when you determine an object to analyze (for
example, purchasing group, vendor, material group, and so on) and make selections.

This data is then organized and can be displayed in an initial list and a variety of drill-down lists.
Each analysis can be archived.

You can use the standard transactions in the application to display the complete master record or
document information from the various drill-down levels of the list.

A wide range of functions can be used to individually examine the key figures and characteristic
values on which the analysis is based from a business perspective. All the functions for statistical
analyses are graphically supported.

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SAP AG 1999

You are now able to:

Reporting in MM: Unit Summary

Explain the difference between
standard reporting and standard
analysis

Describe the basics of the Logistics
Information System

Perform basic standard reporting and
standard analyses

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Reporting in MM -

Exercises

Unit: Reporting in MM
Topic: List Displays and the Logistics Information

System

At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Create list displays for various documents and transactions
• Interpret the information in standard analyses

To optimize internal processes, you regularly create list displays
to inform you about the status of your purchase orders, info
records, and other documents in the system. You already use
condensed information from the Logistics Information System for
your reports to management.

1-1

Open goods receipts

Display a list of all the purchase orders for purchasing organization 1000 and plant
1000 for which goods receipts are still open. Limit the search period to the last 24
months.

To do this, choose the

Document date

field

(From: Current date–24 months To: Current date).

Optional: Define for yourself a variant for the purchase order document overview
in accordance with these specifications.

1-2

Goods receipts that have been posted

You want a list of all material documents for materials T-RM1## to T-RM4##
that were placed into storage in plant 1000 using movement type 101 (goods
receipt into unrestricted-use stock).

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1-3

Analyze purchasing values for purchasing groups

You want to use the Purchasing Information System to determine a standard
analysis for the scope of procurement for purchasing groups T01 to T18 for the
purchasing organization 1000. Limit the analysis period from last month to the
current and previous month.
1-3-1 Change the characteristic display

You want to display both the name of the purchasing group and the key for
the characteristic. Choose the relevant characteristic display.

1-3-2 Add key figures

You need information about the number of purchase order items and the
number of deliveries. Add these two key figures to the standard analysis.
Make a note of the total purchase order value and the total number of
purchase order items for your purchasing group T##.

PO value:______________

No. of purchase orders:____________

What amount has already been settled? __________________

1-3-3 Display vendors for a purchasing group

With which vendors have you effected purchase orders for purchasing group
T##? Make a note of the number of vendors and the total purchase order
value.
Number_______________ PO

value:________________________

1-3-4 Determine the top five purchasing groups

Which purchasing groups had the five highest purchase order values during
the analysis period? Make a note of the total PO value of the first
purchasing group.
PO value:______________________________________________

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1-3-5 Perform an ABC analysis

Determine the most important vendor in terms of purchase order value for
purchasing organization 1000 and the purchasing groups T01 to T18. To do
this, carry out an ABC analysis for the value key Purchase order value.
Choose the percentage total of the purchase order value. Segment A is 70 %,
segment B is 20 %, and segment C is 10 %.
Look at the complete list for the ABC analysis of the purchase order value.
Which vendor has the highest purchase order value?

Vendor:_______________________________________________

Before you perform the ABC analysis, make sure you are
in the initial list. From the initial list, you then switch the
drill-down to the vendor.

View

→ Switch drill-down... [X] → Vendor

1-3-6

Display the selection log

To interpret the result of your analysis correctly, it is important that you
know the selection criteria used in the analysis. You should therefore look at
the selection log for purchasing group analysis. What is the key and
description of the info structure for this analysis?

Info structure

__________________________________________

1-4

Analysis of storage locations

You want to use Inventory Controlling to analyze your storage location stocks and
possibly transfer materials that are stored in the wrong place. Check which stocks
are located in storage location 0001 of plant 1000.

Analysis period:
From the current date minus 12 months up to the current month.

Choose the drill-down by material group and display as a graphic the receipt
quantities per material group.

Expand for each month the material group with the greatest receipt quantity and
display the materials for the month that has the greatest receipt quantity.

Create a top-ten list in terms of the consumption quantities.

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Reporting in MM -

Solutions

Unit: Reporting in MM
Topic: List Displays and the Logistics Information

System

1-1

Open goods receipts

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order

→

List

Displays

→

By Vendor

Vendor

(No entry)

Purchasing organization

1000

Scope of list

BEST

Selection parameter

WE101

Purchasing group

(No entry)

Plant

1000

Document date

(Period within the last 24
months)

1-2

Goods receipts that have been posted

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Inventory Management →

Environment

→ List Displays → Material Documents

Material

T-RM1## to T-RM4##

Plant

1000

Movement type

101

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1-3

Analyze purchasing values for purchasing groups

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order

→ Reporting → Purchasing Information System →Standard Analyses →

Purchasing Group

Alternatively:

Logistics

→ Logistics Controlling → Purchasing Information System

→ Standard Analyses → Purchasing Group

Purch. organization

1000

Purchasing group

T01 to T18

Analysis period

(Current month and previous
month)

1-3-1 Change the characteristic display

→ Settings → Char. display → Key and description

If the column width is not sufficient to display the characteristics, you can
increase the width by double-clicking the relevant column and entering a
higher value for the width.

1-3-2 Add key figures

→ Edit → Choose key figures

Select the key figures PO items and Deliveries in the stock list and add them
both to the selection by choosing [

;

] .

1-3-3 Display vendors for a purchasing group

Select your purchasing group and expand it by vendor. (

→ View → Drill-

down by

→ Vendor

or choose [Drill-down by

...

])

1-3-4 Determine the top 5 purchasing groups

Navigate to the original list for all purchasing groups via

→ View → Basic

list

Select the column that shows the purchase order value and choose

[

Top

n...

]. Restrict the number to 5 purchasing groups.

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1-3-5 Perform an ABC analysis

Go to the basic list again and then switch the drill-down to display by
vendor.
Select the PO value column.
Choose

→ Edit → ABC analysis

and the

Total PO value strategy (%). Accept the proposed segment sizes.
In the graphic displayed, you can look at the segment overview or the
individual segments in the list display.

1-3-6 Display the selection log

→ Extras → Selection log

The info structure is S011 – Purchasing groups

1-4

Analysis of storage locations

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Inventory Management →

Environment

→ Inventory Controlling → Standard Analyses → Storage

Location

Alternatively:

Logistics

→ Logistics Controlling → Inventory Controlling

→ Standard Analyses → Storage Location

Plant

1000

Storage location

0001

Analysis period

(Current month including the
past 12 months)

Switch the drill-down to selection by material group by choosing

[Switch drill-

down...]

(or

→ View → Switch drill-down

To go to the graphic display, choose [

Graphic...

] (or

→ Goto → Graphic

)

Select the group with the highest receipt quantity and expand it by month by
choosing [Drill-down by

...

] (or

→ View → Drill-down by

Choose the month that has the greatest receipt quantity and expand it by
material.
Select the column that shows the consumption quantities and choose

[

Top n...

In the Number field, enter the value 10.

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SAP AG 2002

Brief Explanation of 'Supply Chain Management'

External Procurement and EBP (overview)

External Procurement and APO (overview)

Subcontracting

Contents:

External Procurement with mySAP SCM

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Specify the main elements of Supply Chain
Management (SCM)

Outline an external procurement process with
EBP

Explain an external procurement process with an
APO connection

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to

External Procurement with mySAP SCM: Objectives

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SAP AG 1999

External Procurement with mySAP_SCM: Course

Overview Diagram

Procurement of Stock

Material

Reporting in Material

Management

External Procurement

with mySAP SCM

Procurement of

External Services

Subcontracting

Basic of Procurement
Process

Master Data

Procurement of
Consumable Material

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Increased reaction to customer requirements with
minimal costs

You company does not assemble ignition systems, you
sent the parts to a subcontractor for assembly.

Manufacturer

Distribution

Vendor

Information flow

Retail

Consumer

Optimization of supply chain

CASHFLOW

Transfer

The Supply Chain from Vendor to Customer

Supply Chain Management includes the management of the material, information and capital flows
in a network consisting of vendors, manufacturers, distributors and customers. The coordination and
integration of this flow within a company and between companies are vital for effective supply chain
management.

Reasons for supply chain management:

Decrease in delivery costs for end results and raw materials

Improvement of customer service

Significant decrease of warehouse stocks

Use of all resources to the advantage of the company.

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The mySAP Supply Chain Management Solution

External

Procurement

Delivery

Sales and

Logistics

Manufacture

Production

Supply Chain Design

Strategy

Sales and

Delivery Planning

Planning

Supply Chain Performance Management

Supply Chain Event Management

Supply

in C

lla

bora

tion

Supply

in C
o

lla

bora

tion

Partner

Customer

Vendor

mySAP Supply Chain Management (SCM) is an extensive solution that enables a company to plan
and realize products or services efficiently throughout the entire life cycle. This solution supports a
synchronized and close interaction between all departments (and people) affected in a supply chain.

In this complete solution, customers, sales, production planning, production, inventory control,
logistics, purchasing, and vendors are involved. An important focal point is the processing of cross-
company and cooperating planning and procurement processes. This processing also enables a link
to open marketplaces.

Within mySAP.com, the mySAP Supply Chain Management solution supports the complete range of

company scenarios and roles in connection with mySAP Enterprise Portal and Marketplaces.

The following cross-company (collaborative) and internet-based (e-)scenarios should also be
mentioned here:

Cross-company requirements planning

Cross-company delivery planning

Cross-company procurement (EBP, B2C)

e-quotation processing

e-order management.

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SAP AG 2002

SCM: Procurement Scenarios

EBP

XML

Vendor

Catalog

Marketplaces

R/3 Back-End

APO

Invoice

Production

planning

Invoice

Confirmation (GR)

RFQ

Purchase order

Workflow:

approval

Shopping cart

PReq/pur. order

or reservation

Materials planning

FI, CO

Goods receipt or

service entry

Inventory

Mngmnt

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Enterprise Buyer Professional (EBP)

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Typical Roles in EBP

• approve
or reject
RC requests

Manager

• navigate through online catalogs
• create a shopping cart
• place purchase orders or
save the shopping cart
• check the status

Employee

• receive purchase orders
• confirm goods delivery or
supply external services
• create invoices

Vendor

• accept
articles (GR)
• check
invoices

Employee

The employees in your company are responsible for the procurement of goods and services that you
need for your work area. The Purchasing department is therefore relieved of this work and can
concentrate on strategic tasks, such as contractual negotiation.

The employees either look in the catalogs for suitable materials or services, or enter the requirement
directly in the entry screen and create a shopping cart. You can either save this requirement or assign
a purchase order.

As soon as an order has been placed, the Enterprise Buyer System checks whether the requirements
coverage request needs to be approved.

If the manager rejects the request, the employee receives this information from a work item in the
inbox. The employees can then process the requirement coverage request directly from the work
item.

The purchase order arrives at the vendor. When the goods have been delivered, or the service has
been performed, the employees confirm this. If business partners enter a confirmation, the system
initiates a workflow and sends the confirmation to the employees' inbox for approval.

The employees check these documents (invoice or confirmation) and release them. If a document
contains errors, the employees can refuse approval. The system informs the vendor or service
provider by e-mail.

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EBP Process (Local)

FI, CO

CO doc.

(commitment)

Shopping cart

(EBP)

Purchase order

Confirm

goods receipt

Enterprise Buyer

R/3 Back-End System

Message

Accounting

doc. IR

Create

invoice

Order

There are only local documents in the 'local' EBP process. Purchase order data and the resulting
follow-on documents (goods receipt, invoice) are only saved in the EBP system and are not
transferred to an R/3 back-end. However, the message is outputted in EBP.

MM is not required in the back-end for local EBP processes. In this case, inventory management
cannot take place (this is not possible in EBP). Therefore, only consumable material procurement
(Indirect Procurement) is possible, stock material procurement (Direct Procurement) is not.

Accounting data cannot be entered in the EBP. Data such as commitments or vendor liabilities is
transferred to the FI back-end.

The Enterprise Buyer Professional can communicate with several back-end systems.

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Back-End Process

FI / CO

CO doc.

(commitment)

Accounting

doc. IR

Invoice

Accounting

doc. GR

Enterprise Buyer

R/3 Back-End System

Message

Confirm

goods receipt

Purchase order

Shopping cart

Create

invoice

Purchase

requisition

Goods receipt

Order

In the back-end process, one or more back-end documents come from a single shopping cart. These
may be reservations, purchase requisitions or purchase orders. If there are any messages, the system
issues them in the back-end.

You can choose whether further processing of this back-end process takes place in the EBP or in the
R/3 back-end. This means you can choose which system to create goods receipts and/or invoices in.

Whichever system you choose, the follow-on documents are updated in both the EBP shopping cart
and the back-end order.

This scenario requires Materials Management in the R/3 back-end, thus enabling stock material
procurement (Direct Procurement).

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Shop

Purchasing

Description
Product

Shop

Description
Product

You can create your shopping cart items in different ways.

If you enter the product number directly, the EBP system determines the relevant description,

details and, if necessary, a source of supply. A product can be a material or a service.

You can also create an item without references. If you do this, you must enter a description,

quantity, unit of measure and a product category (= material group) manually.

If you choose an item from a catalog, the product number and/or description, details, product

category, vendor, and price are provided.

You can store items that you always need in a list of favorites.

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Shopping Cart

Phoenix Enterprises
...

Delivery address

Very important..

Internal memo

134 available in plant
3200

Availability

Product ID 100-100
Description ...
Qty 1 piece

...

Basic data

Cost center 1000
Consumption account
400000
...

Acct assgt

File:
description.doc

Asset

Please deliver ...

PO text

Arami-00 23 USD
...

Sources

Detail

The shopping cart itself is not a purchase order. Different follow-on documents are created according
to the completeness of the data (vendor, price) and system configuration. These may be local
purchase orders, back-end purchase orders, or other back-end documents (purchase requisition,
reservation).

For more information, use the detail button:

Basic data, Account assignment, Purchase order text, Asset, Internal memo, Delivery address,

Availability, Sources.

If the system cannot determine a source of supply, you can enter a preferred vendor.

An availability check can take place across plants (APO is not required).

In the Enterprise Buyer Professional, various approval scenarios for shopping carts and other
documents can be implemented with standard workflows.

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Confirm Goods Receipt

Wareneingang bestätigen

Confirm Goods Receipt

When you enter goods receipts, refer to the purchase order. If you do not know the purchase order
number, you can search via the material, time period or name of the shopping cart.

With this transaction, you can display confirmations and reversal postings.

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Invoice and Credit Memo

You also create the invoice with reference to the purchase order. If you do not know the purchase
order number, you can search via the material, time period or name of the shopping cart.

In this transaction, you can display invoices and create credit memos.

You can create invoices or credit memos without reference to a purchase order.

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mySAP Supplier Relationship Management

SAPEPR 2 days

mySAP E-Procurement
Overview Course

**BC330 5 days

E-Commerce
Technical Core
Competence

**ITS070 2 days

SAP Internet
Transaction Server:
Administration

D30EPR 2 days

Delta EBP 2.0 after 3.0

*ECO220 5 days

Internet Sales

ECO690 3 days

SAP Online Store

EPR240 3 days

Catalog & Content
Management

EPR210 3 days

Enterprise Buyer
Professional

* See also mySAP CRM Curriculum
** See also mySAP Tech Curriculum

Notes:

The mySAP E-Procurement solution is included in the mySAP Supplier Relationship Management

(mySAP SRM) solution.

Please note that this curriculum and current information can be found under www.sap.com,

Education.

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mySAP Supplier Relationship Management

Vendors

Enterprise Systems

Vendors

Web Browser

Exchange-based

integration

Potential

vendors

Portal-based

interaction

Design

Planning

Execution

SAP Markets, the exchange company of the SAP group, presents with mySAP Supplier Relationship
Management (mySAP SRM) a new and extensive software solution for the management of vendor
relationships. Companies can use mySAP SRM to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of
their value chains.

mySAP SRM enables processing of relationships with vendors of all sizes and with a complete range
of technical facilities. Vendors profit from mySAP SRM by having easier system integration and
better cooperation possibilities, and therefore gain higher profits, decrease their sales costs and
ensure greater customer satisfaction. Using external services, small-scale suppliers can process
orders, create invoices or update prices and specifications without having to invest in their own IT
infrastructure. All vendors profit from the increased transparency of the purchasing behavior of their
customers. mySAP SRM reduces transaction costs, increases precision of process flows, helps to
recognise new business prospects, and leads to a higher efficiency of sales and distribution
processes.

Vendors with existing sales and distribution solutions can be connected using the exchange
infrastructure of mySAP Technology. To summarize, mySAP SRM reduces the costs of business
relationships by automating cross-company processes, for all parties concerned. The exchange
infrastructure of mySAP Technology includes functions for cross-company integration, that were
developed by SAP Markets Partner, Commerce One.

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Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO)

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Locations

Transportation lanes

External procurement

Stock transfer

Objects in the Supply Chain Network

TSP

MRP
area

Stock transfer

point

Transport.

zone

Vendor

Plant

Cstmr

In APO, vendors, customers and also plants are portrayed as locations. Other location types are
distribution centers (DC), transportation service providers (TSP), transportation zones or MRP areas.

The material flow between locations is modeled using transportation lanes. Transportation lanes
represent the relationship between a source location (such as a vendor) and a destination location
(plant). Each transportation lane is also dependent on the direction of the product flow, and is
assigned all products (materials) that are transported, and available means of transport.

You can extend transportation lanes to external procurement relationships. External procurement

relationships map info records and outline agreements from the R/3 System to the APO System. If
external procurement relationships are included in APO, a source determination takes place in the
planning run in APO.

"Simple" transportation lanes are used for stock transfers. Transportation costs and capacities can

therefore also be taken into account in planning in APO.

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Vendor's
warehouse

Manufacturer
distribution
center

Customer
distribution
center

Production process model

Production
plant

Vendor's plant

Beyond Conventional Planning

Supply Network Planning (SNP) integrates the areas Purchasing, Production, Distribution and
Transportation. It is therefore possible to simulate and convert extensive tactical planning decisions
using sources of supply, based on a single global and consistent model.

SNP knows the stocks and previously planned receipts for end results and components of all
connected OLTP systems.

Using various planning methods, cross-location, viable plans can be made for the material flow
along the supply chain, taking constraints and penalties into consideration. The result is optimized
purchasing, production and distribution decisions, reduced warehouse stock, and improved customer
service.

Possible constraints may include material availability and free availability of warehouse, work
center, transportation, and handling capacities.

Supply Network Planning: Finite, cross-location, medium to long-term production and
procurement planning with simultaneous material planning and capacity planning.

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External Procurement Process with APO: Example

R/3 System

Sales orders,

reservations etc

Purchase req.

with source of supply

Purchase order update/

stock adjustment

Purchase order/

contract release ord.

APO

Confirmation/

purchase order update

Reqmnts planning with

source determination

Goods receipt

Purchase order/

contract release ord.

Enter confirmation

Purchase req.

with source of supply

If there is an external procurement relationship for a product in APO, this is assigned during the
planning run as a source of supply to the purchase requisition, which is then transferred to the R/3
System.

Generate purchase order: The R/3 System converts the purchase requisition to a purchase order, and
transfers the purchase order number to the APO System.

Enter confirmation: Shipping notification takes place in the R/3 System. As soon as the shipping
notification exists in the R/3 System, the system automatically transfers it to the APO System. The
system reduces the requirement quantities in APO to the notified quantity.

Post goods receipt: The goods receipt is posted in the R/3 System. As soon as you have posted the
goods receipt, the system automatically transfers it to APO. APO increases the stock and reduces the
open purchase order quantity. APO reduces the shipping notification (if used) to the goods receipt
quantity.

In this example, only the purchase requisition is created in APO, all further steps, such as conversion
of the purchase requisition into a purchase order take place in the R/3 System. It is also possible to
map the entire procurement process from the Purchasing view to the APO System. Confirmations,
and goods and invoice receipts are never entered in APO.

Note: For more detailed information on external procurement with APO, see the course SCM560
External Procurement with APO.

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Specify the main elements of Supply Chain
Management (SCM)

Outline an external procurement process with EBP

Explain an external procurement process with an
APO connection

You are now able to

External Procurement with mySAP SCM: Summary

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