E-MSG
MÁSTER EN SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN DE EMPRESA
SAP R/3
2003-2004
Certificación MM (7130)
Xavier Rovira-Juan Carlos Sarrasi
TSCM 52-1ª parte (14-16)
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Course: Customizing Inventory Management
SAP AG 2002
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Course Content: Customizing Inventory Management
Unit
Course Overview
Unit
MM Organizational Levels
Unit Inventory Management
Unit
Master Data in Materials Management
This Consultant Training contains different courses each discussing a specific topic.
Each single course is divided into different units.
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Customizing Inventory Management: Overview
Diagram (I)
Section Overview
Section Overview
Inventory Management
Inventory Management
Master Data in
Master Data in
Materials Management
Materials Management
MM Organizational Levels
MM Organizational Levels
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MM Organizational Levels
z
Purchasing Organizations
z
Plant and Storage Locations
z
Relationships Between Organizational Units
Contents:
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MM Organizational Levels: Unit Objectives
At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:
z
List the most important functions of the MM
organization structures
z
Identify the relationships between the MM
organization levels and their environment
z
Configure the Logistics (MM) organizational levels
in the Implementation Guide
z
Use the plant copying and checking functions
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Customizing Inventory Management: Overview
Diagram (II)
Section Overview
Section Overview
Inventory Management
Inventory Management
Master Data in
Master Data in
Materials Management
Materials Management
MM Organizational Levels
MM Organizational Levels
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MM Organizational Levels: Business Scenario
z
The implementation team has determined that
additional plants need to be created for the
implementation.
z
They have also decided that it would be beneficial if
the new plants can utilize the existing contracts and
conditions negotiated by the central purchasing
organization. It intends to use the organizational
assignments for the new plants to accomplish this
goal.
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Company Code
Controlling
Controlling
area
area
Business area
0001
Business area
0002
Chart of accounts
Currency
The information determined at company code level includes:
y
Company address
y
Chart of accounts
y
Balance sheet currency
y
Fiscal year variant
y
Controlling area
y
Business area balance sheet active
You define the company code in the IMG, in the node Enterprise Structure
→ Definition Financial
Accounting. You also define the company address, country, language, and currency for the company
code here.
In the IMG node Enterprise Structure
→ Allocation → Controlling, you assign the company code to
a controlling area.
In the IMG node Financial Accounting
→
Financial Accounting Global Settings
→ Company
Code
→ Enter Global Parameters, you assign the chart of accounts.
In the IMG node Enterprise Structure
→ Definition → Financial Accounting → Maintain Business
Area, you define the business areas.
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Purchasing Organization
Company codes
Purchasing group 2
Plant 1100
Purchasing group 1
Plant 1000
Purchasing group 3
Plant 1200
Purchasing
Purchasing
organization
organization
Info record
Contract
The purchasing organization is legally responsible for transactions made in Purchasing and for
negotiating purchasing conditions.
The R/3 System derives the company code for a purchasing transaction from the purchasing
organization, if the purchasing organization is assigned to a company code.
In the standard system, you store all conditions available in the system with reference to a purchasing
organization.
A purchasing organization can access the info records and contract conditions negotiated by one of
the other purchasing organizations.
You can model a central, cross-company code purchasing structure. In this case, you do not assign
the central purchasing organization to a company code.
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Valuation Area
Valuation area
Material - Valuation Levels
Company code
Plant
0001
You define the valuation area by deciding at which level you want to valuate your stocks of
materials. Your decision applies for all clients.
Valuation area = Company code: The R/3 System creates the valuation data for a material for each
company code. The price control used and the price of a material apply for each company code. This
means that the material is valuated uniformly across all plants belonging to a particular company
code.
Valuation area = Plant: The R/3 System creates the valuation data for a material for each plant. The
price control used and the price of a material apply for each plant. This allows you to valuate the
same material in different ways in different plants.
In a production system, you cannot change the valuation level to company code level or to plant
level, because you would have to convert the data that already exists.
For the PP component and for product costing, it is essential that you use the valuation level “Plant”.
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Functions and data stored at plant level:
Material requirements planning
PP master data administration
PP order management
Capacity planning
Product costing
Forecast
Plant maintenance planning
Material inventory management
Purchasing views
Accounting views
(if valuation area = plant)
Plant
Production planning and actual production generally take place on a plant-specific basis.
However, certain applications can operate on a cross-plant basis.
You can also define pooled capacities for capacity planning.
You can carry out product costing across plants.
You can carry out certain functions in requirements planning with reference to the storage location.
You can also carry out requirements planning for several plants at the same time.
You can define a plant as a maintenance planning plant.
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z
The storage location is the level at
which a plant’s actual stocks of
materials are kept.
z
The physical inventory takes place
at storage location level.
(Exception: physical inventory
within the Warehouse
Management System)
z
Stocks are managed at storage
location level on a quantity basis
only – not on a value basis.
z
A storage location is always
defined as belonging to a certain
plant.
Storage Location
The storage location key is unique only within a plant or with reference to a plant.
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Plant
Plant
1100
1100
Purchasing
Purchasing
organization
organization
1000
1000
Purchasing
Purchasing
organization
organization
1200
1200
Plant
Plant
1000
1000
Plant
Plant
1200
1200
Storage
Storage
location
location
0001
0001
Storage
Storage
location
location
0001
0001
Storage
Storage
location
location
0010
0010
Storage
Storage
location
location
0005
0005
Company code
Company code
1000
1000
MM Organizational Levels
A plant is assigned to only one company code. A company code can contain more than one plant.
A plant can contain more than one storage location, in which you manage material stocks.
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Division
Division
Valuation level
Division
Division
Division
Division
Distribution
Distribution
channel
channel
Purchasing organization
Purchasing organization
001
001
0001
0001
0002
0002
Sales organization
Sales organization
Plant 1000
Plant 1000
Plant 1100
Plant 1100
Company code
Organizational Structure of Logistics
Shipping point
0002
Shipping point
0001
Storage location
0002
Storage location
0001
Stor. location 0003
(WMS warehouse)
The valuation level can be the plant (slide = SAP’s recommendation) or the company code.
Purchasing organizations can be active for one or more plants.
Sales organizations can be active for one or more plants. Sales organization, distribution channel,
and product division are grouped to form a sales area.
You can assign a plant to more than one sales organization/distribution channel combination.
You assign each plant and division to one business area only.
A plant can contain more than one shipping point. You can assign a shipping point to more than one
plant.
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Controlling area
1000
Client
Client
Controlling area
2000
Company
code 1000
Plant 1000
Plant 1000
Valuation
Valuation
area 1000
area 1000
Valuation
Valuation
area 1200
area 1200
Plant 1200
Plant 1200
Valuation
Valuation
area 1100
area 1100
Plant 1100
Plant 1100
Valuation
Valuation
area 2100
area 2100
Plant 2100
Plant 2100
Valuation
Valuation
area 3100
area 3100
Plant 3100
Plant 3100
Company
code 2000
Company
code 3000
Chart of
accounts
INT
R/3 Organizational Levels: MM and FI
The R/3 System differentiates between various organizational units, which have a specific
significance within each application.
For the purposes of product costing ann PP, it is absolutely essential that there is a separate valuation
area for each plant.
You always perform value-based inventory management at the level of the valuation area.
Partial stocks of the same material can be subject to split valuation (for example, stocks of a material
produced in-house can be valuated at a different price to stocks of the same material that were
procured externally). Split valuation is controlled using the valuation category and valuation type.
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Creating a
Creating a
“single plant”
“single plant”
Maintain general plant data
Location (city)/street
Country/postal code
Address
Make assignments
e.g.:
Plant Î Purchasing organization
Plant Î Company code
Check assignments
Check functional parameters for plant
Check/maintain all plant-dependent
tables in the application areas.
Copying a
Copying a
“complex plant
“complex plant
”
”
Copy the general plant data and check
Î
Location (city)/street
Country/postal code
Address and so on
Copy all assignments
e.g.:
Plant Î Purchasing organization
Plant Î Company code
Î
Check assignments
Copy the functional parameters
The system copies all plant-dependent
tables in the application areas.
Check if necessary.
Plant 2000
Plant 1000
Creating a New Plant
You use the following extended functions to process organizational units:
y
Copy
y
Delete
y
Check
y
Create and process Project IMG view
These functions allow you to maintain not only the general plant data (key, description, address,
country, language, factory calendar, and so on), but also additional plant-dependent table entries.
Project IMG:
You use this function to create a new view for a Customizing project. The view that you create
contains all the activities required to process the organizational unit within the scope of the
Customizing project.
The prerequisite for using this function is that you have already created a Customizing project.
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Plant
dependent
tables
Plant
dependent
tables
Plant
dependent
tables
Plant
dependent
tables
Plant
dependent
tables
Checking a Plant
Checking a plant is a two-step procedure:
y
In the first step, the R/3 System checks if there is an entry in all tables in which the organizational
unit specified in the table key exists.
y
In the second step, the R/3 System checks if the entry specified also exists in the dependent tables,
which it checks against the table key.
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z
List the most important functions of the MM
organization structures
z
Identify the relationships between the MM
organization levels and their environment
z
Configure the Logistics (MM) organizational
levels in the Implementation Guide
z
Use the plant copying and checking functions
You are now able to:
MM Organizational Levels: Summary
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MM
Organizational Levels
Exercises
Unit: MM Organizational Levels
Topic: Settings for the Enterprise Structure from
the Materials Management Perspective
• At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:Indentify the
organizational structures relevant to Materials Management
• Explain the reference purchasing organization and how it is
used to support purchasing
• Configure a new plant with storage locations, and maintain the
assignment to the company code and relevant purchasing
organizations
• Use the plant copy functions
• Explain the financial organizational units of company code
and controlling area and how they relate to a plant
Part of your job on the implementation team includes modeling
the organizational structure of your company for the Logistics
applications in the R/3 System. It has been determined that
additional plants need to be created for the implementation. It has
also been identified that the new plants will benefit if they can
utilize the existing contracts and pricing negotiated by the global
purchasing organization. It will be necessary to define the
organizational assignments for the new plant so that this goal can
be accomplished.
1-1 General
Relationships
During consultation on the modeling of the organizational structure, the following
statements were made. Decide whether they are true or false and give reasons for
your answers.
1-1-1
“One plant can be assigned to several company codes.”
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-1-2
“A purchasing organization must always be assigned to a company
code.”
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
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1-1-3
“You can use the storage location key 0001 more than once.”
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-2
Studying the MM Organizational Units
You are helping to define the organizational units based on the current
organizational structure of your company.
In your view, what are the main criteria for defining the following?
1-2-1
... A new company code
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-2-2
... A new plant
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-2-3
... A new storage location
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-2-4
... A new purchasing organization
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-2-5
... A new purchasing group
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-3
Defining Organizational Units
Once the project committee has approved the organizational structure, you are
asked to set up a new plant site with the key TR##.
In this exercise, do not use the copy function at first, although this is advisable in
practice.
1-3-1
Define a new plant, TR##. Define DE as the country for this plant.
______________________________________________________
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1-3-2 Assign
your
plant
TR## to the factory calendar 01
Germany
(standard)
.
______________________________________________________
1-3-3
Create storage locations 0001, 0002, and 0003 for this plant. Maintain at
least one address for each of these storage locations.
______________________________________________________
1-3-4 Assign
this
plant (TR##) to company code 1000.
1-3-5
Purchasing organization 1000 is responsible for this plant (TR##).
Contract negotiations by Central purchasing for Europe (C100) should
also be allowed. Configure these responsibilities.
1-3-6
Can you assign this plant to purchasing organization 0001 as well?
Why/why not?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-3-7
In the Implementation Guide, find out the significance of the standard
purchasing organization. Which transactions is it used for?
Assign for your plant purchasing organization 1000 as the standard
purchasing organization.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-3-8
In the Implementation Guide, find out the significance of the reference
purchasing organization. Has a reference purchasing organization been
defined for purchasing organization 1000?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-3-9
Explain why purchasing groups must or must not be assigned to
purchasing organizations.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-3-10 Review the assignment of company code 1000 to controlling area 1000. Is
this controlling area responsible for plant TR##?
______________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________
1-3-11
Complete the data for plant TR## by using the copy function to add the
other settings. Use plant 1200, which is set up completely, as the
template to copy.
Verify that the plant parameters have been maintained for your new plant.
(As an example, choose
IMG
→
Materials Management
→ Inventory
Management and Physical Inventory
→ Plant Parameters
. )
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MM Organizational Levels
Solutions
Unit: MM Organizational Levels
Topic: Settings for the Enterprise Structure from
the Materials Management Perspective
1-1 General
Relationships
1-1-1 False, each plant can only be assigned to one company code.
1-1-2 False, you do not have to assign a purchasing organization to a company
code if this purchasing organization functions as a central purchasing
organization. If a company code assignment for a purchasing organization
is not made, plants from different company codes can be assigned to the
same purchasing organization.
1-1-3 True, you can use the storage location key 0001 more than once because you
define storage locations with reference to a plant.
1-2
Studying the MM Organizational Units
1-2-1 The company code embodies an independent organizational unit for
Financial Accounting. You create a new company code when you want to
establish a new company in the SAP system.
1-2-2 The plant represents an organizational unit for Logistics, which structures a
company from the perspective of production, procurement, plant
maintenance and requirements planning.
You create a new plant when you want to establish a new or separate
production planning area or if material stock has to be valued separately
(only possible if valuation level is plant).
1-2-3 The storage location represents an organizational unit/area for distinguishing
between material stocks within a plant. You create a new storage location
when you want to establish a new area with separate quantitative inventory
management.
1-2-4 The purchasing organization represents an organizational unit within
Logistics that structures the company according to its purchasing
requirements. You create a new purchasing organization when you want to
establish conditions and outline agreements for one or several plants.
1-2-5 The purchasing group represents a person or a group of people responsible
for certain purchasing activities. You create a new purchasing group when a
new or another colleague takes over purchasing activities.
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1-3
Defining Organizational Units
1-3-1
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Definition → Logistics – General →
Define, copy, delete, check Plant
Choose
Define plant
Choose
New Entries
Enter Plant TR##
Choose
Address
Maintain the address details and country code DE
Save
1-3-2
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Definition → Logistics – General →
Define, copy, delete, check Plant
Choose
Define plant
Select the line item for the plant and choose
Goto
→ Details
.
Enter Factory calendar 01
Save
1-3-3
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Definition → Materials Management
→ Maintain storage location
Enter plant TR## and choose
Continue
Choose
New entries
Add the new entries.
Maintain the addresses for storage locations 0001, 0002, and 0003 by
selecting the storage location and selecting the folder
Addresses of storage
locations.
Enter the first address number, such as 01, then select
Address
from the
toolbar. Enter an address.
Save.
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1-3-4
IMG
→
Enterprise Structure
→ Assignment → Logistics – General →
Assign plant to company code
.
Select company code 1000
Choose
Assign
Select plant TR## and choose
Adopt
Save.
1-3-5
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Assignment → Materials Management
→ Assign purchasing organization to plant
.
Plant TR## must be assigned to both purchasing organizations 1000 and
C100.
Select purchasing organization 1000
Choose
Assign
Select plant TR## and choose
Copy
Repeat the assignment for purchasing organization C100
Save.
1-3-6 No. If your plant is assigned to company code 1000, you cannot assign this
plant to purchasing organization 0001, because purchasing organization
0001 is assigned to company code 0001.
1-3-7
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Assignment → Materials Management
→ Assign standard purchasing organization to plant
.
The standard purchasing organization is required for consumption postings
for consignment and pipeline materials. It is also used for automatically
creating purchase orders upon goods receipt as via the info record for the
standard purchasing organization, the system can find the price information.
Enter purchasing organization 1000 in the entry for plant TR##
Save.
1-3-8
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Assignment → Materials Management
→
Assign Purchasing Organization to Reference Purchase
Organization
.
Purchasing organization C100 is defined as the reference purchasing
organization for purchasing organization 1000.
The significance of having a reference purchasing organization is to be able
to utilized the contracts and pricing conditions established by the reference
organization.
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1-3-9 Purchasing groups are not assigned to purchasing organizations. Both
settings are independent of one another. Purchasing groups are created for
the individual employees to enable definition of user-specific activities
settings (such as the printer for the purchase order printout, and contact
person details, telephone number, and fax number on purchasing
documents). Purchasing groups are assigned to materials through the
material master record.
Purchasing organizations are set up as a level for defining conditions (price
determination) and negotiating outline agreements.
1-3-10
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Assignment → Controlling → Assign
company code to controlling area.
Controlling area 1000 is responsible for plant TR##. This results from the
assignments:
Plant
→ Company code
and
Company code
→ Controlling area. Company code 1000 is assigned to
controlling area 1000. Therefore, controlling area 1000 is responsible for
your plant.
1-3-11
IMG
→ Enterprise Structure → Definition → Logistics – General →
Define, copy, delete, check Plant
.
Choose
Copy, delete, check plant
Select
Copy org. object
Enter from plant 1200 to plant TR##
Choose
Enter
Select Yes to copy the complete object.
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Inventory Management
Settings for Goods Movements
Definition of New Movement Types
Contents:
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Inventory Management: Unit Objectives
At the conclusion of this course, you will be able to:
Create number ranges for material documents
and assign transactions
Modify the field selection and screen layout for
goods movements
List the most important characteristics of
movement types
Define a new movement type and configure
account determination for movement types that
use account grouping
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Customizing Inventory Management: Overview
Diagram (III)
Section Overview
Section Overview
Inventory Management
Inventory Management
Master Data in
Master Data in
Materials Management
Materials Management
MM Organizational Levels
MM Organizational Levels
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Inventory Management: Business Scenario
You have been asked to create a new movement
type for goods issues to cost centers.
Your company’s aim is to use this movement type
to separate expenses between different G/L
accounts according to certain criteria.
You want to configure the dynamic availability
check for these new movement types to inform
users of possible unavailability.
You have been asked to provide an overview of
the configuration of output determination in
Inventory Management.
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Accounting documents
Accounting documents
Document type
Number range
Number interval
(Dependent on year and company code)
Group 2
(Other goods movements,
physical inventory differences)
To year: number interval 2
2000: 49 000 000 ---
49 999 999
Transaction type 3
(WI)
Transaction type 2
(WA)
1
1
1
2
2
2
Number Assignment for Goods Movements
Transaction
Transaction type 1
(WE)
Material documents
Material documents
To year: number interval 1
2000: 50 000 000 ---
50 999 999
Group 1
(Goods receipt for purchase order,
goods receipt for order, ...)
You must not change the transaction type assigned to a goods movement.
Internal number assignment is defined for material documents.
For Italy, you have the option of defining external or internal number assignment for GR/GI slips.
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Field selection for
movement type
Field selection rules
for G/L account
Field selection for:
Field selection for:
g
g
oods issues, transfer postings, other receipts
oods issues, transfer postings, other receipts
Screen Layout for Movement Types
The settings made in the Define Screen Layout activity, concerning the field selection for the
movement type, apply for goods movements and reservations.
You configure the field selection for the fields G/L account and Reason for movement using separate
activities.
The field selection for the movement type must not conflict with the settings for field selection for
the G/L account to be posted to (offsetting entry for inventory posting).
You define the field selection dependent on the G/L account using the field status group in the G/L
account master. You assign the G/L account-dependent field selection to the company code using the
field status variant.
In addition, the R/3 System checks if the field selection for the G/L accounts matches the field
selection for the relevant posting key for the transaction.
In Customizing for Financial Accounting, you can define the field selection for posting keys and for
the various field status groups.
In particular, you should note that you must define a mandatory entry in the G/L account as a
mandatory entry for the movement type as well.
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Field Sel. for Goods Movements: Special Aspects
Customizing
Enter goods movement
Reason for movement:
- Define key
- Define field selection for
each movement type
2
2
2
On the Details screen,
the field “Reason for
movement” is:
- Mandatory entry
- Optional entry
- Suppressed
2
2
2
Configure manual
account assignment
for each movement type
1
1
1
Account for offsetting entry
for inventory posting is:
- Mandatory entry
- Optional entry
- Suppressed
1
1
1
In the standard system, you can enter the account for the offsetting posting for the inventory posting
manually when you enter goods movements. In doing this, you change the account number
assignment predefined in account determination. In the Set Manual Account Assignment activity, you
define the movement types for which the G/L account is to be available for manual input of the
offsetting account for the inventory posting.
When entering goods movements (such as in the case of a return delivery of material to the vendor),
you can specify the reason for performing this movement (such as due to unacceptable quality).
The R/3 System saves the reason for the movement in the material document. In Inventory
Management, you can use a report to analyze the material documents for which a reason for the
movement was specified.
In Customizing, you can do the following for each movement type:
⌧
Define whether the field Reason is mandatory, optional, or suppressed for entry
⌧
Store a key for explaining the movement (such as reason for return in the case of a return delivery)
and a relevant text. When entering a goods movement, you can only enter reasons that are defined
for this movement type.
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Field Selection for Initial Screen/Header Screen
The settings apply to all initial
screens/header screens (1):
You can have settings apply
under certain conditions,
for example: transaction code
Document date
Document header text
Posting date
Bill of lading
Reason for movement
Delivery note number
Material slip
Modifiable fields
Modifiable fields
Input Reqd Disp. Supp. HiLi.
In the case of modifiable fields, you use indicators to define how the individual fields are displayed
on the screen. You have the following options:
The field is ready for input (standard setting).
The field requires an entry (mandatory entry).
The field is displayed only.
The field is suppressed.
The field is highlighted.
These settings can apply to the entire client or you can narrow them down using the influencing
fields. This enables you to define the field as a mandatory entry depending on the transaction or the
document type.
(1) When you call this activity, the list of all fields that you can modify appears. The settings made in
this list apply to the entire client if there are no restrictions or if the requirements for the conditions
are not met.
(2) You make the settings for influencing fields on a separate screen.
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Field Selection for Transaction MIGO
Header and detail fields
Header and detail fields
Table columns
Table columns
The settings apply to all header
screen/detail screens, for example:
Date of production
MPN material
Vendor material no.
Reason for movement: key
Reason for movement: text
Returns item
Account assignment
Input Reqd Disp. Supp. HiLi.
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Material
indicator
Availability check
Goods movement
Checking rule
Movement type
Message on
screen
Customizing
- Definition of checking
rules
- Assignment of checking
rule to R/3 transaction
Customizing
Message type
(error, warning,
information)
Customizing
- Stock types
- Inward/outward elements
- Take account of
replenishment lead time?
Check
availability
Dynamic Availability Check
You can activate the dynamic availability check in Customizing for entering reservations and goods
movements. The R/3 System then carries out the dynamic check in addition to the routine static
availability check.
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Movement Types (1)
Level
... dependent on ...
... settings for ...
Movement type
Short texts
Permitted R/3
transactions
Help texts
Field selection
batch search
Movement type
Movement type
Special stock indicator
Movement indicator
Inward movement indicator
Consumption indicator
Movement type
Movement type
Special stock indicator
Transaction
Movement type
Special stock indicator
Entry control
(print indicator, batch indicator, check expiration date)
Update control (automatic LORT,
consumption, statistics, physical inventory)
Movement type text
(description of the movement)
When may you use the movement type?
(Propose movement type despite different movement
type indicator?)
Extended text
(Text describing the individual movement)
Field selection control, batch search procedure
(schema for batch determination)
The movement type is a central control parameter for goods movements. When you create a new
movement type, you reference one of the model movement types. The latter’s control indicator
appears as the default value for the new movement type.
You maintain various views for a movement type on the relevant screens. You define the parameters
for the individual views depending on various key terms.
You choose a value string and a quantity string for the movement type. The value string controls the
G/L account determination for transactions covered by the movement type (see also the unit on
valuation and account assignment), whereas the quantity string controls the updating of the material
master fields.
You can also maintain the parameters for existing movement types using the function for configuring
new movement types.
The work area that you specify when you enter this transaction must include all movement types that
you want to access during configuration.
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... dependent on ...
... settings for ...
Level
Update control,
WMS movement
types
Account
grouping
Revers./follow-on
movement types
Reason for
movement
Deactivate QM
inspection
processing
LIS statistics
group
Movement type and indicators for
value/quantity updates,
special stocks, movements,
receipts, and consumption
Movement type and indicators for
special stocks, value/quantity updates,
movements, and consumption
Movement type, function code
Movement type,
key for reason
Movement type and indicators for
special stocks, movements,
receipts, and consumption
Movement type and indicators for
special stocks and movements
Entry control
(availability check, missing parts processing)
Update control
(LIFO/FIFO, LVS, QM, value/quantity string)
Account grouping code,
Indicator for "Check account assignment"
Reversal movement type,
Indicator for "Type of posting"
Description of reason
Movement type for QM inspection
processing not active
Statistical update control (LIS)
Movement Types (2)
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System Messages in Inventory Management
Version
Version
AA
AA
No.
No.
Text
Text
Type
Type
00
00
012
012
018
018
Enter the date of production
Enter the date of production
E
E
00
00
M7
M7
127
127
Material & & & flagged for deletion
Material & & & flagged for deletion
E
E
00
00
M7
M7
134
134
Material & is a missing part
Material & is a missing part
W
W
00
00
M7
M7
163
163
Latest possible delivery date was &
Latest possible delivery date was &
W
W
Z1
Z1
M7
M7
127
127
Material & & & flagged for deletion
Material & & & flagged for deletion
W
W
System messages
System messages
MSV
MSV
Z1
Z1
User parameters
User parameters
Type of
Type of
message in
message in
the application
the application
All user-definable messages are stored as version 00.
You can define the type of system message for a version:
Warning message
Error message
No message
You can define your own versions (such as Z1) for user-dependent or user group-dependent control
of system message output. The version is assigned in the user’s master record using the parameter
MSV.
If parameter MSV has not been maintained for a user, the R/3 System uses version 00.
If there is no entry in the table for a specific version, the R/3 System outputs the message as a
warning.
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Plant Parameters (1)
Create storage location data for materials automatically
Propose final delivery indicator
Missing parts check active at GR
Batch where-used list active/not active
Check for expiration date
...
Settings for Goods Movements
Settings for Goods Movements
Allow negative stocks for individual special stocks (vendor consignment,
customer consignment, ...)
(Condition: negative stocks are allowed at plant level and storage location level)
Settings for negative stocks
Settings for negative stocks
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Plant Parameters (2)
Stock types
Propose alternative units of measure
Determine batches in the background
Create change documents when changing the count results
Modifying the book inventory balance
Reason for physical inventory difference
Settings for the physical inventory
Settings for the physical inventory
Propose “Movement allowed” indicator
Date specification for setting the “Movement allowed” indicator
Retention period for reservation items
Settings for reservations
Settings for reservations
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Inventory Management: Summary
You are now able to:
List the important settings for Inventory
Management transactions and implement them
with the help of the IMG
Create a new movement type
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Inventory Management
Exercises
Unit: Inventory Management
Topic: Movement
Types
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Check and modify the settings for movement types
• Define a new movement type
Your company requires a new movement type for goods issues,
because certain consumption postings are to be registered to
different cost elements. In contrast to goods issues to a cost center
using movement type 201, a different field selection is also
required for the new movement type because manual entry of a
consumption account is to be blocked and an explanation for the
movement is to be entered in the field
Item text
.
As a member of the project team, you are responsible for
implementing this.
1-1
New Movement Type for Goods Issues
1-1-1 Give possible reasons or various examples from your company that could
call for a new movement type.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-1-2 What options do you have if your company is to use two different accounts
(cost elements) for consumption of goods issues to a cost center?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-1-3 Define a new movement type, Z##, as a copy of movement type 201.
Save
your movement type and make the following settings for it:
1-2
Screen Layout/Field Selection
1-2-1 The consumption account number should always be determined through
automatic account determination and no manual account assignment
may occur. Define a suitable control for manual account assignment for this
movement type to block manual entry of a consumption account. How do
you proceed?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
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1-2-2 Define a suitable field selection for this new movement type for goods
issues from your company's own stock so that no one can post goods
movements using movement type Z## without providing a reason or
explanation for the goods issue. How would you proceed?
When you do this, take into account goods issues from the company’s own
stock only.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-2-3 What other influencing factors for field selection must you use to verify
your movement type field selection settings?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1-3
Test the New Movement Type
Check that all your settings are correct and complete by doing a test in
Inventory
Management:
1-3-1 Check the current stock for your material T-T1## in plant 1000.
If no inventory is available, post a goods receipt for one of
your purchase orders for material T-T1## in plant 1000,
storage location 0001.
1-3-2 Enter a goods issue to cost center 1000 for 10 pieces of your material T-
T1## from plant 1000, storage location 0001, with your new movement type
Z##. Check the three changes that you made in Customizing:
Is the GL account changeable?
______________________________________________________
Must you enter either item text and/or a reason code?
______________________________________________________
Material document number:
______________________________________________________
1-3-3 For the purposes of comparison, enter another goods issue to cost center
1000 for 10 pieces of the same material from plant 1000, storage location
0001 with movement type 201.
Is the GL account changeable?
______________________________________________________
Must you enter either item text and/or a reason code?
______________________________________________________
Material document number:
______________________________________________________
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Exercises
Unit: Inventory Management
Topic: Availability
Check (optional exercise)
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Check the settings for the dynamic availability check
Your company uses manual reservations to record material
requirements at an early stage – sometimes with considerable
delivery times. You should modify the dynamic availability check
for these manual reservations in such a way that the user always
receives a message about the availability or non-availability of
the materials.
2-1
Activate the Dynamic Availability Check
2-1-1 Is the dynamic availability check active when you create a reservation? If
so, which checking rule is assigned to this transaction if required?
______________________________________________________
2-1-2 Which goods issues and receipts does this checking rule take into account
for the materials that contain the key for individual requirements as a
control indicator for the availability check?
Receipts: _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Issues: _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
2-1-3 Which setting has been made for the replenishment lead-time for this
combination of individual requirements and checking rule for reservations?
What effect would changing this indicator have?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2-1-4 If the total replenishment lead-time is not taken into consideration by the
checking rule, explain which field in the material master is used to
determine the replenishment time.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
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2-2
Settings for the Movement Type
2-2-1 When you enter a reservation with movement type 201, the system only
sends a warning message in the event of non-availability when reserving
material that is not special stock, with value and quantity updating active.
Which key is used to control this?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2-2-2 When you enter a reservation with movement type Z##, the system should
always output a message about the availability whether or not it is
available. In the event of non-availability, the system is to send a warning
message. Which key do you use to control this?
Make this setting for movement type Z##, without special stock, and with
quantity and value updating active.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2-3
Check These Settings:
2-3-1 Create
the
MRP data
for the material master record for T-T1## for plant
TR##. To do this, copy the MRP data from plant 1000 to plant TR##
(delete the MRP group while copying the MRP 1 view). All other fields
can remain unchanged. Is requirements planning defined for this material?
MRP type: ____________________________________
What scheduling data in proposed on the MRP2 screen?
GR processing time: ___________________________
Planned delivery time: _________________________
Which indicator is set for the availability check? Write down the
replenishment lead time as well.
Availability indicatory: ___________________________________
Total repl lead time:
___________________________________
2-3-2 Display the stock overview and the current stock/requirements list for
material T-T1## in plant TR##. Write down the following stock levels
(each at plant level).
If there is no warehouse stock, post an initial stock balance of 100 pieces in
plant TR##, storage location 0001.
Unrestricted use: _______________________________________
Reserved: _______________________________________
Ordered: _______________________________________
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2-3-3 Add reservations for material T-T1## in plant TR## for cost center 1000
using the following information (without saving them).
When you do this, check if a warning message about non-availability or an
information message about availability is issued.
If the stock on order for this material in plant TR## is not zero, you must
take into account the purchase order quantity and the receipt date.
a) Movement type Z##, goods issue to cost center 1000:
Reserve a small quantity that is currently available in unrestricted use
stock. Use a withdrawal date one week from today.
Does the system issue a message that the material is available?
________________________________________________
b) Movement type Z##, goods issue to cost center 1000:
Reserve a large quantity that is not available in unrestricted use stock
Use a withdrawal date one week from today.
Does the system issue a warning message that the material is not
available in a week’s time?
________________________________________________
c) Movement type Z##, goods issue to cost center 1000:
Reserve a large quantity that is not available in unrestricted use stock
Use a withdrawal date two months from today.
What message does the system issue?
________________________________________________
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Inventory Management
Solutions
Unit: Inventory Management
Topic: Movement
Types
1-1
New Movement Type for Goods Issues
1-1-1 Examples could include the need for different automatic account
determination, field selection or analyses of the movement type.
1-1-2 One solution would be to create two different movement types so that a
separate account could be determined in automatic account determination.
This would require a different account grouping (modifier) for each
movement type.
Another approach would be to allow the storeperson to enter the
consumption account manually. This can be permitted by allowing
changes to the account control.
For control reason, we would recommend copying movement type 201 and
configuring the account determination separately for the new movement
type using a separate account grouping.
1-1-3
IMG
→
Materials Management
→ Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Movement Types → Copy, Change Movement
Types
Select movement type 201
Choose
Copy as
Replace 201 with Z##
Choose
Enter
Choose “
copy all
”
Choose
Save
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1-2
Screen Layout/Field Selection
1-2-1 Choose either:
IMG
→
Materials Management
→ Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Movement Types → Copy, Change Movement
Types
Select movement type Z##
Choose
Details
Set the suppress indicator for
Account control
Choose
Save
or:
IMG
→
Materials Management
→ Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Goods Issue / Transfer Postings → Set Manual
Account Assignment
Set the suppress indicator for
Account control
against movement type
Z##
Choose
Save
1-2-2 You can use the
Item text
field or
Reason for movement
field to enter a
text explanation or reason code for the movement.
In the first case, you could configure the
Item text
field as a mandatory
field; an explanation could be recorded in this field.
IMG
→ Materials Management → Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Goods Issue / Transfer Postings → Define screen
layout
Select Z##, with blank special stock
Choose
Details
Choose
General data
Change the
line item text
indicator to req. entry
Choose
Save
or
IMG
→ Materials Management → Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Movement Types → Copy, Change Movement
Types
Select
Z##
Choose
Field Selection
Select Z##, with a blank special stock indicator
Choose
Details
Choose
General data
Change the
line item text
indicator to req. entry
Choose
Save
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In the second case you, you could require a
Reason for Movement
code,
and predefine the possible “reasons” (acknowledgment numbers) through
configuration.
IMG
→ Materials Management → Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Movement Types → Record Reason for Goods
Movements
Choose
Control reason
Set this as a required entry for movement type Z##
Choose
Reason for movement
and create reason codes and text for
movement type Z##.
Choose
Save
Next, you need ti define the possible reason codes:
Choose
Reason for movement
Choose
New entries
and create two reason codes with descriptions.
Choose
Save
1-2-3 You must check the field selection settings for the movement type against
the field selection settings that depend on the G/L account (offsetting entry
= consumption account). This could be done either during the actual
movement transaction, or when using the simulation mode during account
assignment configuration.
In addition, report RM07CUFA can be executed to compare
the field selection for a GL account with a movement type.
System
→ Services → Reporting
Enter the program name
Choose
Execute
Enter the Movement type, Company code and G/L
accounts to be checked
Choose
1-3
Test the New Movement Type
1-3-1 Check the current stock of T-T1## in plant 1000.
SAP menu
→ Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory
Management
→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview
Enter the Material and Plant
Choose
Execute
1-3-2 Enter a goods issue and verify the customizing settings for movement type
Z##.
SAP menu
→ Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory
Management
→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue
Enter the New Movement type, Plant and Storage location
Choose
Enter
© SAP AG
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Enter the Material, Quantity and Cost Center
Choose
Enter
The fields
Item text
and/or
Reason
require an entry.
You cannot manually enter the account for the offsetting posting.
Choose
Save
1-3-3 Enter a goods issue and verify the customizing settings for movement type
201.
SAP menu
→ Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory
Management
→ Goods Movement → Goods Issues
You can manually change the account for the offsetting entry
The
fields
Item text
and/or
Reason
do not require an entry.
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Solutions
Unit: Inventory
Management
Topic: Availability Check
2-1
Activate the Dynamic Availability Check
2-1-1
IMG
→
Materials Management
→ Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Reservation → Set Dynamic Availability Check
Choose
Transaction code
MB21 is assigned to Checking rule 03
2-1-2 Which receipts and issue transactions are taken into account?
Choose
Define checking rule
Select
Availability control 02(individual), checking rule 03
Choose
Details
Receipts: Purchase orders
Issues:
Reservations, sales requirements, deliveries
2-1-3 The replenishment lead time is not taken into account.
When taking the replenishment lead-time into account, the system assumes
that the material can be procured within the RLT that is defined in the
material master. This would mean that stock will always be available for
reservations requestion stock outside the the RLT.
2-1-4 Two fields on the MRP2 view of the material master record are taken into
consideration:
GR processing time in workdays
Planned delivery time in calendar days.
Note: All reservations for stock requests after today’s date +
GR processing time + planned delivery time will be seen as
"Available".
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2-2
Settings for the Movement Type
2-2-1
IMG
→ Materials Management → Inventory Management and
Physical Inventory
→ Reservation → Set Dynamic Availability Check
Choose
Movement type
The Dynamic Availability check indicator controls the message displayed.
Indicator
A
for the dynamic availability check has the effect of issuing a
warning message only in the case of non-availablity.
2-2-2 For movement type
Z
##, without special stock, and with quantity and value
updating active.
Assign Dynamic Availability check indicator
E
to movement type Z##.
Choose
Save
2-3
Check These Settings:
2-3-1
Favorites
→ Material Master → Material → Create (General) →
Immediately
Create the MRP 1,2,3 and 4 views for material T-T1##, plant TR##. Copy
this data from material T-T1##, plant 1000. Remove the MRP group while
copying.
MRP type (MRP 1):
PD (Plant 1000)
GR processing time (MRP 2):
1 day (work days)
Planned delivery time (MRP 2):
10 days (calendar days)
Indicator for availability check (MRP 3): 02
Total repl lead time (MRP 3):
0 days (calendar days)
2-3-2 Stock
Overview
SAP menu
→
Logistics
→ Materials Management → Inventory
Management
→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview
Unrestricted use: depending on previous exercises
Reserved: 0
Ordered:
0 (depending on previous exercises)
Stock requirements List:
SAP menu
→
Logistics
→ Materials Management → Inventory
Management
→ Environment → Stock → Stock/Requirement List
Enter the Material and Plant
Choose
Execute
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2-3-3 Test the settings for the availability check.
SAP menu
→
Logistics
→ Materials Management → Inventory
Management
→ Reservation → Create
a) Yes, an information message is issued stating that the material will be
available.
b) Yes, a warning message is issued since the material is not available.
c) A warning message is issued since the material is not available.