6598437366

lt Has beon elghty years sińce 1938, a year that had an	Theexpulsion ofPolisli	he buming
exlstential impact on ihe Jews ol Germany and Austria,	ofsynagoguesandmas.	9th of
on Europę, and on the world. Prior to 1938, Jews	Novembersignaled T-~	j the
in Germany experlenced (ive years of antisemitic	Initiation In early Der	crtransport, an
propaganda, prolessional discrimination, and Increasing	effort that ultima!	rildren. A majority
encluslon Irom all levels ol society. In 1938, thls exclusion	oftheir parem	iiocaust
became almost total, and the National Soclallsts	.
	Elghty yea	w does one grasp
launched a campalgn ol wldespread, systematic violence againsl Jews,	the mixt	- victims
	oftheN	lookatthe
By Ihe end ol 1937, a quarter ol Germany's Jews had	letter:	■rmanJews
escaped, but the Anscliluss In March ol 1938 exposed	and th	irchives
another 200,000 Jews In Austria to new levels of vlolence	and tl	eo Baeck
and discrimination, wlilch dramatically escalated the	Instit	alendar
relugoe crlsls. Measures agalnst Jews that had taken five	Wlth	1938.
years in Germany were implemented quickly In Austria.	k§The:
The world community was slow and reluctant to recognize	and t	asthey
the plight ol the Jews and did llttle to provlde help. The only	strugt	to
major International effort was an lnitlative by President	survive
Roosevelt in July ol 1938, when governments Irom around	describ.	^lel 1
the world met in £vian-les-Balns at Lakę Geneva. Thelr	a broad cc
attempt to increase opportunltles for the refugees falled,	Forthisr	1 the 1938
and the crlsls soon worsened when the Germans invaded	calend	posted at
the Czech borderlands In October.	1938|	ms. i

L3\    '

1938

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