317
Index Term
Links
Acceleration, 221-234
Accelerometer,
capacitive, 223
flex-beam, 223
232
micromachined, 227-232
piezoelectric, compression mode,
233
piezoelectric, shear mode,
233
234
Q, 224-226
Active filters, see Filters
Ac waveforms,
11
12 265-269
Aliasing, 283-286
Amplifier
antilog, 63-64
charge, 204
difference, 47
differential, 38
frequency response,
49-56
instrumentation, 59
inverting,
44 50 52 53
log, 62-63
noninverting, 39
op-amp, 38
phase response,
50-54
summing, 48
Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter,
dual-slope, 253-256
flash, 258-260
multislope, 256-258
successive-approximation, 244-247
tracking, 247-248
voltage-to-frequency (V/F),
248-253
Antilog amplifier,
63-64
Average-rectified,
265 267 268 269 271 272
Branch analysis,
7
8
Bridge circuits
ac, 32
capacitance, 33
dc, 27
Hay, 36
inductance, 34
318
Index Term
Links
Maxwell, 34
Schering, 35
sensitivity, 30
strain
gage,
186 187 188 189
Buffer, 57
Butterworth filter,
110-117
Capacitors, 13-15
Charge amplifier,
204
Chebyshev filter,
111-117
Complex numbers,
17-18
Crest factor,
273
276
Current measurement,
260-261
Current source,
64
Current-to-Voltage conversion,
65-66
Data acquisition,
cards, 288-289
sampling for,
283
software, 290-291
systems, 293-315
Differential amplifier,
38
Differentiator circuit,
68-70
Digital-to-Analog (D/A) converter,
240-244
Diode
as a light sensor,
162-168
as a temperature sensor,
152-155
current-voltage
characteristic,
152 155 163 164 166
Displacement sensor,
210-214
Energy
gap,
124 159 161
Filters
active band-pass,
113-117
active low-pass,
107-117
active high-pass,
113
band-pass RC,
99-101
band-stop RC,
101-103
Butterworth, 110-117
cascaded low-pass RC,
104
Chebyshev, 111-117
high-pass RC,
98-99
low-pass RC,
94-96
low-pass RL,
96-98
319
Index Term
Links
low-pass RLC,
105-107
multiple-feedback (MFB),
119
Sallen-Key, 107
108
Fluxgate magnetometer,
175-178
Form factor,
269-271
Fourier series,
11
Gain
closed-loop, 40
45
complex representation,
53
frequency response,
50-55
open-loop, 38
GPIB bus,
294-310
controller, 294
handshake, 296-299
interrupts, 301-303
organization, 295
serial poll,
303-304
software, 306-310
status register,
301-303
talk and listen,
299-301
Hall effect,
172-174
Hay bridge,
36
IEEE 488 bus, see GPIB bus
Impedance, 16
18-24
of quartz crystal,
89
Inductors, 15-16
Input resistance,
40
46
Instrumentation amplifier,
59-61
Instrumentation systems,
GPIB, 294-310
PXI, 310-313
VXI, 313-315
Integrator circuit,
66-68
Inverting amplifier
closed-loop gain,
45
input resistance,
45
46
output resistance,
46
47
Kirchhoff's laws,
7
8
LabVIEW, 307-309
Law of intermediate metals,
151
320
Index Term
Links
Light sensors,
159-169
Log amplifier,
62-63
Loop analysis,
9
LVDT displacement sensor,
210-214
Magnetic sensors,
172-179
Maxwell bridge,
34
Micromachined sensors,
227-232
Multiplexer, 287-288
Noninverting amplifier,
39
closed-loop gain,
40
input resistance,
40
output resistance,
42
Nyquist, 286
Operational amplifier (op-amp),
38
Optical encoder,
217-218
Oscillators
555 timer,
83-85
crystal, 88-90
phase-shift, 79-80
relaxation, 81
sawtooth, 86-88
Wien-bridge, 74-79
Output resistance,
42
47
Phase response,
50-54
Phase-shift oscillator,
79
Photoconductive sensors,
159-162
Photodiode, 162-169
interface circuits,
167
168
sensitivity, 165
speed, 165
166
Photon,
157 158 159
Piezoelectric,
accelerometers, 231-234
effect, 201-206
Piezoresistivity, 189-191
196-198
Pressure, 195
196
piezoelectric sensor,
201-206
piezoresistive sensor,
196-201
PSpice
circuits,
68 69 71 77 80 81 83
85 87 89 90 95 96
100
321
Index Term
Links
102 104 106 155 204 249 251
252
PXI, 313-315
R-2R ladder,
240
RMS, see Root-Mean-Squared
Relaxation oscillator,
81
Resistance measurement,
261-262
Resistance temperature detectors (RTD), 145-147
Resistors, 13
Resolver, 214-217
Root-Mean-Squared (rms),
265
267 269-272
estimated, 269-272
thermal method,
273-274
true, 272-277
Rotation, 214-219
optical encoder,
217
218
resolver, 214-219
Sallen-Key filter,
107
108
Sample-and-hold (S/H),
279-282
aperture-delay time,
281
settling time,
282
Sampling theorem,
286
Sawtooth oscillator,
86
Schering bridge,
35
Schmitt trigger,
249
250
Signal conditioning,
289-290
Strain, 181-184
Strain gage,
184-191
full bridge,
189
gage factor,
185
half bridge,
187
188
metal film,
185
186
piezoresistive, 189-191
quarter bridge,
186
187
Temperature sensing diode,
152-155
Thermistor, 124-145
linearization of response,
137-145
self-heating, 129-132
semiconductor theory,
124-127
sensitivity,
127-129 139 144
322
Index Term
Links
time constant,
131
Thermocouple, 147-152
single probe,
150-152
types, 149
150
Voltage-to-Current conversion,
64-65
Voltage-to-Frequency conversion,
248-253
VXI, 310-313
Waveforms,
ac, 11
12
265-269
differentiator, 70
integrator, 68
Wheatstone bridge,
28
199
Wien-bridge oscillator,
74