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GRAMMAR

COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES

Comparatives

With words of one syllable, we use -er or -r to make the comparative:

Small

Smaller

Hot

Hotter

Nice

Nicer

NOTE: We often use than with comparatives: This shoe is smaller than that shoe.

Superlatives

With words of one syllable we use the + -est to make the superlative:

Small

the smallest

Hot

the hottest

Nice

the nicest

Practice 1
Try to complete this table. Some of the comparative/superlative forms are irregular and do not
have the same forms as above:

ADJECTIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

Big

bigger

the biggest

Cheap

cheaper

the cheapest

Far

______________

the furthest/farthest

Fast

______________

________________

Long

______________

________________

Good

______________

the best

_______________

worse

________________

Old

______________

________________

ADJECTIVES WITH MORE THAN ONE SYLLABLE

Comparatives

When the adjective is more than one syllable, we do not use -er or -r. We use more or less:

Intelligent

more/less intelligent

NOT intelligenter

Modern

more/less modern

NOT moderner

Interesting

more/less interesting

NOT interestinger

Superlatives

When the adjective is more than one syllable, we do not use the + -est. We use the most/the least:

Intelligent

the most/the least intelligent

NOT the intelligentest

Modern

the most/the least modern

NOT the modernest

Interesting

the most/the least interesting. NOT the interestingest.

UWAGA 1 There are some adjectives with more than one syllable which can take more than one form:

happy, funny, dirty, tidy, busy, early, empty, clever, gentle, simple, stupid, tired.

Happy

happier/more happy

the happiest/the most happy

Funny

funnier/more funny

the funniest/the most funny

UWAGA 2 We use a comparative when comparing two things and a superlative with more than two
things:

John and George are good at football, but John is better.

(comparative)

John and his friends are good at football, but john is the best.

(superlative)

Practice 2
Make the comparative or superlative of the adjective to complete the sentence:

0)  Everest is ............................................. (tall) mountain in the world.
0)  John is a ........................................... (good) player than Hermann.
0)  This is the ......................................... (bad) soup I have eaten in my life!
0)  Some people say that Picasso was ............................... (creative) artist ever.
0)  Do you think that Maria is ................................. (beautiful) than Sarah.
0)  I think that the film is ..................................... (exciting) than the book.
0)  Herbert Zebbedy is ......................................(funny) comedian in the world.
0)  Heathrow Airport is .................................... (busy) airport.
0)  Have you ever seen a ......................... (big) one than that?
0)  Sarah has .............................. hair than Hermann.

Practice 3: (REVISION) GOING TO AND WILL
Choose going to or will to complete these sentences:

0)  Is your homework difficult?  I ............................. help you.
0)  ......................................... go to the pub tonight?  We're going.
0)  The air is very cold and the clouds are dark: it ................................... rain.
0)  Call me when you want to come home and I ....................................... collect you.
0)  What ................................. do during your holiday?
0)  I .................................... buy you a present if I go to Germany.

VOCABULARY

THE WEATHER

Rain

It's raining/It's going to rain/It's rainy

Snow

It's snowing/It's going to snow/It's snowy

Fog

It's going to be foggy/ It's foggy

Wind

The wind is blowing/It's going to be windy/It's windy

Sun

The sun is shining/It's going to be sunny/It's sunny.

Hot

The weather is hot/It's going to be hot/It's hot

Cold

The weather is cold/It's going to be cold/It's cold

Practice 1
Match the words to their description:

Clouds

Small piece of ice from the sky.

Ice

Rain for a very short period.

Dry

A light wind, often in the summer.

Cool

Dramatic weather with wind and rain.

Warm

Frozen water.

Shower

They can be black, white or grey.

Storm

A loud noise and a flash of light.

Breeze

A little less than cold

Thunder and lightning

No rain.

Hail

A little less than hot.

Practice 2
Choose a suitable weather word to fill the spaces:

0)  It is very ................. in the mountains, so take a coat.
0)  It was a hot day, but there was a nice ........................... so we were comfortable.
0)  John slipped on some ............................ and broke his leg.
0)  The pieces of ........................ were as big as golf balls!
0)  The ........................ was so thick that we couldn't see anything.
0)  There were no ................. in the sky. It was a beautiful day.

Dialogue:

John:

What will the weather be like tomorrow?

Hermann:

It's going to be sunny in the morning and rainy in the afternoon.

John:

I hate cold weather. Winter is the worst season for me.

Hermann:

Oh no! I love winter. I like snow and ice and cold winds.

John:

You're crazy! I like blue skies, a light breeze and hot weather.

Hermann:

You shouldn't live in England. The weather there is very bad.

John:

Really?

Hermann:

Yes, they always have cloudy skies, fog, rain and storms. It's never sunny.

Vocabulary from the unit:
above – powyżej, nad
blow - wiać
breeze - wietrzyk, bryza

comedian - komik
compare - porównywać
cool - chłodny

dry - suchy
exciting – ekscytujący, podniecający
flash - błysk
fog - mgła
gentle – łagodny, delikatny
golf balls – piłki golfowe
hail - grad

ice - lód
irregular - nieregularny
shine - świecić
shower - przelotny deszcz
slip – poślizgnąć się
storm - burza
sunny – słoneczny, pogodny
table - tabela
thick – gęsty, gruby
thunder - grzmot
lightning - błyskawica
tidy - schludny
warm - ciepły
windy - wietrzny

LESSON 7 – answer key
GRAMMAR
Practice 1
ADJECTIVE

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

Big

bigger

the biggest

Cheap

cheaper

the cheapest

Far

further/farther

the furthest/farthest

Fast

faster

the fastest

Long

longer

the longest

Good

better

the best

Bad

worse

the worst

Old

older

the oldest

Practice 2
0.  Everest is the tallest mountain in the world.
0.  John is a better player than Hermann.
0.  This is the worst soup I have eaten in my life!
0.  Some people say that Picasso was the most creative artist ever.
0.  Do you think that Maria is more/less beautiful than Sarah.
0.  I think that the film is more/less exciting than the book.
0.  Herbert Zebbedy is the funniest comedian in the world.
0.  Heathrow Airport is the busiest airport.
0.  Have you ever seen a bigger one than that?

0.  Sarah has less/more hair than Hermann.

Practice 3: (REVISION) GOING TO AND WILL
0.  Is your homework difficult?  I will help you.
0.  Are you going to go to the pub tonight? We're going.
0.  The air is very cold and the clouds are dark: it is going to rain.
0.  Call me when you want to come home and I will collect you.
0.  What are you going to do during your holiday?
0.  I will buy you a present if I go to Germany.

VOCABULARY
Practice 1
Clouds

They can be black, white or grey.

Ice

Frozen water.

Dry

No rain.

Cool

A little less than cold

Warm

A little less than hot.

Shower

Rain for a very short period.

Storm

Dramatic weather with wind and rain.

Breeze

A light wind, often in the summer.

Thunder and lightning

A loud noise and a flash of light.

Hail

Small piece of ice from the sky.

Practice 2
0.  It is very cold in the mountains, so take a coat.
0.  It was a hot day, but there was a nice breeze so we were comfortable.
0.  John slipped on some ice and broke his leg.
0.  The pieces of hail were as big as golf balls!
0.  The fog was so thick that we couldn't see anything.
0.  There were no clouds in the sky. It was a beautiful day.