Plant Structure and
Plant Structure and
Function
Function
Plant Structure and
Plant Structure and
Function
Function
Is It a Stem, Leaf, Root,
Is It a Stem, Leaf, Root,
Flower, Fruit or Seed?
Flower, Fruit or Seed?
Fruit/Vegetable
Fruit/Vegetable
Part of Plant
Part of Plant
Broccoli
Broccoli
Cabbage
Cabbage
Carrot
Carrot
Celery Stalk
Celery Stalk
Corn Kernel
Corn Kernel
Garlic
Garlic
Onion
Onion
Potato
Potato
Tomato
Tomato
Zucchini
Zucchini
Plant Body
Plant Body
•
Shoot system =
Shoot system =
leaves + stem
leaves + stem
•
Root system
Root system
•
Meristem = cells
Meristem = cells
that divide for
that divide for
life of plant, can
life of plant, can
give rise to all
give rise to all
plant structures
plant structures
Three Types of Plant Tissues
Three Types of Plant Tissues
•
Vascular Tissue
Vascular Tissue
–
Transport
Transport
–
Support
Support
•
Ground Tissue
Ground Tissue
–
Synthesis of Sugars
Synthesis of Sugars
–
Storage
Storage
–
Support
Support
•
Dermal Tissue
Dermal Tissue
–
Protection
Protection
Division of Meristem
Division of Meristem
Cells
Cells
Causes Plant Growth
Causes Plant Growth
•
Apical Meristem
Apical Meristem
–
tips of root and
tips of root and
shoot
shoot
–
increase in height
increase in height
•
Lateral Meristem
Lateral Meristem
–
cylinders within
cylinders within
plant body
plant body
–
increase in width
increase in width
Plant Body
Plant Body
Functions
Functions
Exposes surface to sunlight
Exposes surface to sunlight
Major site of photosynthesis
Major site of photosynthesis
Conserves water
Conserves water
Provides for gas exchange
Provides for gas exchange
Blade
Blade
Petiol
Petiol
e
e
Leaf = blade + petiole
Leaf = blade + petiole
Stoma =
opening in the
leaf for gas
exchange,
water
evaporation
Structures of the Leaf
Structures of the Leaf
Photosynthes
is
Conserves water
Transports
water and
sugar to stem
and roots
Plant Body
Plant Body
Stem: series of nodes and
Stem: series of nodes and
internodes
internodes
Functions
Functions
Holds leaves up to light
Holds leaves up to light
Transports substances
Transports substances
through vascular tissue
through vascular tissue
Xylem conducts water
Xylem conducts water
and minerals
and minerals
Phloem transports
Phloem transports
sugar
sugar
Lateral Meristem Causes
Lateral Meristem Causes
the Stem to Grow in Width
the Stem to Grow in Width
Wood and Bark are
Wood and Bark are
Products of Lateral Meristem
Products of Lateral Meristem
Plant Body
Plant Body
Root
Root
Functions
Functions
Anchors plant in soil
Anchors plant in soil
Takes up water and
Takes up water and
minerals from
minerals from
soil
soil
Applying Your Knowledge
Applying Your Knowledge
A.
A.
Where is the primary site of
Where is the primary site of
photosynthesis in a plant?
photosynthesis in a plant?
B.
B.
Which one is responsible for an
Which one is responsible for an
increase in plant height?
increase in plant height?
C.
C.
Which one transports materials
Which one transports materials
throughout the plant?
throughout the plant?
1.
1.
Apical
Apical
Meristem
Meristem
2.
2.
Vascular Tissue
Vascular Tissue
3.
3.
Stem
Stem
4.
4.
Leaf
Leaf
5.
5.
Lateral
Lateral
Meristem
Meristem
Flowering
Flowering
Plant
Plant
Reproduction
Reproduction
•
Flowers are
Flowers are
modified leaves,
modified leaves,
specialized for
specialized for
reproduction.
reproduction.
•
Flower parts
Flower parts
undergo meiosis
undergo meiosis
to produce
to produce
haploid products
haploid products
–
pollen grain
pollen grain
–
ovule
ovule
(contains egg
(contains egg
cell)
cell)
Pollen
grains
Ovule
Flower
Meiosis
Mitosis
Mitosis
A Complete Flower Has Both
A Complete Flower Has Both
Male and Female Parts
Male and Female Parts
Sepal
Sepal
Petal
Petal
Ova
Ova
ry
ry
Styl
Styl
e
e
Stig
Stig
ma
ma
P
is
ti
l
P
is
ti
l
P
is
ti
l
P
is
ti
l
Anth
Anth
er
er
Filam
Filam
ent
ent
S
ta
m
e
n
S
ta
m
e
n
S
ta
m
e
n
S
ta
m
e
n
Encloses and
Protects Bud
Attracts
pollinator
Male
part
Female
part
Produces
egg
Produces
pollen
Mature Pollen
Mature Pollen
Grain
Grain
Pollination
Pollination
and
and
Fertilizatio
Fertilizatio
n in a
n in a
Flower
Flower
Tube Cell Nucleus
Tube Cell Nucleus
Sperm Cells
Sperm Cells
1.
1.
pollen grains
pollen grains
land on stigma
land on stigma
Stigma
Stigma
Style
Style
Ovary
Ovary
2.
2.
pollen tubes grow
pollen tubes grow
down stigma to ovary
down stigma to ovary
Sperm
Sperm
Egg
Egg
3A: Fusion of
3A: Fusion of
sperm + egg
sperm + egg
3B: Fusion of 2
3B: Fusion of 2
nd
nd
sperm + two
sperm + two
polar nuclei
polar nuclei
3.
3.
double
double
fertiliza
fertiliza
tion
tion
Polar nuclei
Polar nuclei
Ovule
Ovule
Development of Fruit and Seeds
From Flower Parts
Triploid
Triploid
Endosperm
Endosperm
Cell
Cell
Triploid
Triploid
Endosperm
Endosperm
Cell
Cell
Ovary
Ovary
Ovary
Ovary
Integument
Integument
Integument
Integument
Diploid
Diploid
Zygote
Zygote
Diploid
Diploid
Zygote
Zygote
Endosperm
Endosperm
Endosperm
Endosperm
Fresh
Fresh
Fruit
Fruit
Fresh
Fresh
Fruit
Fruit
Seed
Seed
Coat
Coat
Seed
Seed
Coat
Coat
Embry
Embry
o
o
(new
(new
plant)
plant)
Embry
Embry
o
o
(new
(new
plant)
plant)
Seed = embryo + stored food + seed coat
Fruit = ovary wall, mechanism for seed
dispersal
Provides
nutrition
Applying Your Knowledge
Applying Your Knowledge
A.
A.
Which one develops from the ovary wall?
Which one develops from the ovary wall?
B.
B.
Which one produces pollen?
Which one produces pollen?
C.
C.
Which one develops from a fertilized ovule?
Which one develops from a fertilized ovule?
D.
D.
What is the name of the female part of the
What is the name of the female part of the
flower?
flower?
1.
1.
Seed
Seed
2.
2.
Fruit
Fruit
3.
3.
Pistil
Pistil
4.
4.
Anther
Anther
5.
5.
Pollen
Pollen