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Taking it apart 

and getting it 

together

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Discrete-point 

assessment attempts 

to measure seperately 

the learner’s 

knowledge and/or 

command of 

individual items.

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Integrative 

assessment attempts 

to measure the 

learner’s ability to 

bring all this 

knowladge and 

command to bear in 

tackling ‘work-

samples’ related as 

closely as possible to 

the forms of real-life 

communication.

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Discrete-point 

assessment

testing examples:

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*multiple-choice 

*multiple-choice 

*single-sentence 

*single-sentence 

items

items

 *open-ended

 *open-ended

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A consonant problem 

with single-sentence 

items, both multiple-

choice and open-ended, 

is the lack of any wider 

context.

Things are improved in 

including a longer text. 

Such a test is very 

much more valid than a 

single-sentence test.

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Discrete-point testing 

of pronounciation can 

only be carried out 

validly through 

listening/speaking.

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A student who has 

learned the correct 

answer form a teacher 

or a dictionary may 

mark this correctly 

even though his ear 

cannot recognise the 

strongest syllable and 

cannot speak the word 

with correct stress

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Some people who can 

say it correctly may be 

unable to make their 

knowladge conscious to 
the extent of being able 

to mark correctly.


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