EL CENT R O SERVICE PROCE S S I N G CENTE R
STA N D A R D OPERATIO N PROCE D U R E S
USE OF FORCE
PUR P O S E:
To est a b li s h writ t e n policy an d crite ri a for the us e of physic al
forc e.
AUTH OR ITY:
Title 8, Unit e d Sta t e s Code , Sec tio n 135 7( a ), an d Title 8, Code of
Fed e r a l Reg ul a ti o n s , Sec tio n 287.
DEFI N I TI O N S :
Non- de a dl y forc e – Forc e th a t is neith e r likely nor inte n d e d to cau s e dea t h or
se rio u s bodily ha r m .
Non- de a dl y force devic e – A devic e th a t is not de sig n e d to cau s e de a t h or se rio u s
bodily har m whe n pro p e r ly us e d . This inclu d e s aut h o ri z e d bat o n s , che mi c a l
ag e n t s , elec t r o ni c stu n devic e s , and mec h a n i c a l res t r a i n t s .
Se rio u s bodily ha r m – A bodily injury likely to ca u s e de a t h or serio u s or pe r m a n e n t
disfig u r e m e n t or loss of func tio n of bodily me m b e r or org a n .
POLICY:
The use of force is aut h o riz e d only afte r all re a s o n a b l e effort s to re solv e a situ a t io n
have faile d. Office r s sh all us e as little force as nec e s s a r y to gain con tr o l of the
det a i n e e ; to prot e c t and en s u r e the safe ty of det a i n e e s , st aff, an d oth e r s ; to
prev e n t serio u s pro p e r t y da m a g e ; and to en s u r e th e sec u r i ty and ord e rl y ope r a t io n
of the facility. Physic a l res t r a i n t s sh all be use d to gain cont r ol of an ap p a r e n t l y
da n g e r o u s de ta i n e e only und e r spe cifie d condi tio n s .
Offic e rs will su b mi t docu m e n t a t i o n to jus tify the us e of forc e. An exa m in a t i o n by
Me dic a l pe rs o n n e l will follow any use of forc e actio n tha t may have re s ul t e d in
injury.
PROCE D U R E :
A.
Type s of Forc e
Whe n a de ta i n e e act s viole nt ly or app e a r s on the verg e of viole nt actio n( s), if
nec e s s a r y , staff sh all us e re a s o n a b l e forc e and/ o r re s t r a i n t s to pre v e n t him/ h e r
from ha r mi n g self, othe r s , an d/o r pro p e r t y .
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1.
I m m e d i a t e Us e of Forc e
An “imm e d i a t e - us e- of-force ” situ a ti o n is cre a t e d wh e n a det ai n e e ’s beh a vio r
cons t it u t e s a se rio u s and imme d i a t e thre a t to self, staff, ano t h e r det ai n e e ,
pro p e r t y , or the sec u r it y an d orde rl y ope r a t i o n of th e facility. In th a t situ a ti o n ,
staff may res p o n d witho u t a sup e rvi s o r’s dire c t io n or pre s e n c e .
2.
Cal c u l a t e d Us e of Forc e and / o r Appli c a t i o n of Re s t r a i n t s
If a det a in e e is in an isolat e d loca tio n (e.g., a locke d cell, a holdi n g are a )
whe r e the r e is no imm e d i a t e thr e a t to th e de t ai n e e or oth e r s , th e office r( s )
shall tak e th e tim e to ass e s s the pos si bility of re s olvin g the situ a tio n witho u t
re s o r t i n g to forc e.
a.
Circ u m s t a n c e s
The calcul a t e d us e of forc e is feasi ble in mos t cas e s .
Calc ul a t e d us e of forc e is app r o p r i a t e wh e n the de t ai n e e is in a cell or
oth e r are a with a se cu r a b l e door or grill, eve n if th e det ai n e e is
verb a lizin g thr e a t s or bra n d i s h i n g a we a p o n , provid e d staff see s no
imm e d i a t e dan g e r of the det a i n e e ca u si n g har m . The calcul a t e d us e of
forc e affor d s staff tim e to develo p a stra t e g y to bet t e r re s olv e the
situ a t io n in the lea s t confro n t a t i o n a l ma n n e r .
b.
Do c u m e n t a t i o n
All incid e n t s of us e of forc e will be doc u m e n t e d and forw a r d e d to the
Offic e r- in- Cha r g e (OIC), thro u g h the prop e r ch a n n e l s , for revie w . The
vide ot a p i n g of all calc ula t e d us e s of force is re q ui r e d .
The vide ot a p e an d acco m p a n y i n g doc u m e n t a t i o n shall be includ e d in
th e inve s ti g a t i o n pa ck a g e for the “After- Action Revie w”. Addition ally,
th e OIC shall mak e all vide ot a p e s availa bl e to th e Distric t Dire c t o r.
Writt e n docu m e n t a t i o n sh all inclu d e a “Us e of Forc e ” form an d
me m o r a n d u m rep o r t i n g staff actio n s , re a c ti o n s an d re s p o n s e s du ri n g
th e confro n t a t i o n- avoid a n c e pro c e s s .
3.
Co nfr o n t a t i o n Avoid a n c e
Before aut h o r izi n g the calcul a t e d us e of force , the ra n kin g de t e n t i o n official,
a desi g n a t e d he alt h profe s si o n a l , and oth e r s as ap p r o p r i a t e shall as s e s s the
situ a t io n . Takin g into acco u n t the det ai n e e ’s histo ry and the circ u m s t a n c e s
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of th e imm e di a t e situ a ti o n , they will det e r m i n e the ap p r o p ri a t e n e s s of usin g
forc e.
The confe r r i n g officials may consi d e r , in thei r as s e s s m e n t , the det a i n e e’ s
me dic a l/ m e n t a l his to ry; rec e n t incid e n t rep o r t s involving the de t ai n e e , if any;
an d shoc k s or tra u m a s tha t may be cont ri b u t i n g to th e det ai n e e ’s sta t e of
min d (e.g., a pen d in g crimin al pros e c u ti o n or se nt e n c i n g , divor c e , illnes s ,
de a t h , etc.). Que s ti o n- an d- an s w e r se s sio n s with staff me m b e r s familia r with
th e det a i n e e migh t yield insig h t into the de t ai n e e ’s cur r e n t agit a ti o n , eve n
pinp oi n ti n g the imm e d i a t e cau s e . Staff inte rvi e w s will also help iden tify
tho s e who have est a bli s h e d ra p p o r t wit h th e de t ai n e e , or who s e pe r s o n a li ti e s
sug g e s t they migh t be able to re a s o n wit h the det ai n e e .
Staff selec t e d to defu s e the situ a ti o n mus t be trai n e d in th e confro n t a t io n-
avoid a n c e pro c e d u r e .
4.
Us e - of- For c e Tea m Tec h n i q u e
Whe n a det a i n e e mu s t be forcibly move d and/ o r re s t r a i n e d duri n g a
calcul a t e d us e of forc e , the use- of-forc e tea m tec h ni q u e sh all apply.
a.
The tea m tec h n i q u e us u ally involv es five or mor e train e d staff me m b e r s
cloth e d in prot e c tiv e gea r, inclu din g hel m e t with face shield, jum p s ui t ,
flack- ves t or knife- res is t a n t ves t, glove s , and fore a r m prot e c t o r s . Tea m
me m b e r s en t e r the det a i n e e’s ar e a toge t h e r , with coo rdi n a t e d
re s p o n s i b ility for achie vin g imme d i a t e cont r ol of the det a i n e e .
b.
Staff sh all be train e d in th e us e- of-forc e tea m te c h n i q u e in sufficie n t
nu m b e r s for te a m s to be quickly conve n e d on all shifts in diffe re n t
locatio n s thro u g h o u t the facility. To use hu m a n re s o u r c e s mos t
effec tiv ely, the OIC will ens u r e us e- of-forc e te a m tec h ni q u e traini n g for
all staff me m b e r s is provid e d .
c.
The us e- of-forc e tea m tec h ni q u e traini n g will inclu d e the tec h n i q u e an d
its ap plic a t io n ,
confro n t a ti o n- avoid a n c e ,
profe s s i o n a li s m ,
and
deb ri efin g . It will als o cove r the use of prot e c ti v e clot hin g an d
ha n dli n g of spilled blood and body fluids.
d.
The shift sup e rvi s o r on duty mu s t be on the sce n e befo r e any
calcul a t e d us e of forc e is em ploy e d . He/s h e shall dire c t the ope r a t io n ,
conti n u o u s l y monit o ri n g staff com pli a n c e with policy and proc e d u r e .
The sup e rvi s o r shall not par ti ci p a t e exc e p t to prev e n t imp e n d i n g staff
injury. Whe n e v e r pos si ble , a he al t h servic e s profe s s io n a l sha ll be
pre s e n t to obs e rv e an d imm e d i a t e l y tre a t any injuri e s .
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e.
The Use- of-Forc e Tea m ca n expa n d to includ e staff with spe cific skills,
e.g., ha n d li n g ch e mi c a l age n t s , etc.
The SDEO or sup e r vi s o r on duty will exclu d e from th e Us e- of-Forc e
Tea m any staff me m b e r involv e d in the incid e n t pre ci pi t a ti n g the nee d
for force .
f.
Whe n res t r a i n t s are nec e s s a r y , the te a m s will choo s e am b ul a t o r y or
pro g r e s s iv e mod e ls . They shall res o r t to four- poin t re s t r a i n t s only f th e
less re s t r ic tiv e devic e s prov e ineffec tive .
g.
Calc ul a t e d- us e- of-force video t a p e will be edit e d as follow s:
1.
Intro d u c t i o n by Tea m Lea d e r , sta ti n g facility na m e , loca tio n ,
time , da t e , etc.; des c ri bi n g the incid e n t th at led to the calc ula t e d
use of forc e; an d na mi n g th e video ca m e r a ope r a t o r and oth e r
staff pr es e n t .
2.
Fac e s of all tea m me m b e r s briefly ap p e a r (hel m e t s re mo v e d ;
he a d s unc ov e r e d ), one at a tim e, ide n tifie d by na m e , title, an d
te a m res p o n s i b ility.
3.
Tea m lea d e r offeri n g det a in e e las t cha n c e to coop e r a t e d befor e
te a m ac tio n, outlinin g us e- of-forc e proc e d u r e s , eng a g i n g in
confro n t a t i o n avoid a n c e , and issuin g us e- of-force ord e r.
4.
Entir e tap e of Us e- of-Forc e Tea m ope r a ti o n , un e d it e d , until
det a i n e e is in res t r a i n t s .
5.
Clos e- up s of det a i n e e’ s body du ri n g me dic al exa m , focusi n g on
th e pre s e n c e or abs e n c e of inju ri e s . Staff injurie s, if any, ar e
des c ri b e d but not sho w n .
6.
Deb rie fin g, inclu di n g full disc u s s io n/ a n a l y s i s / a s s e s s m e n t of
incide n t .
h.
The vide ot a p e shall be ca t alo g u e d and pr es e r v e d until no lon g e r
ne e d e d , but no less th a n 30 mon t h s aft e r its last doc u m e n t e d us e. In
th e eve n t of litiga ti o n , the facility will ret a i n the tap e a minim u m of six
mo n t h s afte r its concl u si o n / r e s ol u t i o n .
i.
Use- of-forc e tap e s shall be availa bl e for sup e rv is o ry , Distric t, Regio n a l,
an d He a d q u a r t e r s incid e n t revie w s . They may also be use d for
tr aini n g , e.g., aft e r- actio n revi e w trai ni n g . The ta p e s may be
cat al o g u e d on 3” x 5” ind ex ca r d s or ele c t r o n i c a lly, the dat a be
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se a r c h e d by dat e or de t ai n e e na m e . A log shall docu m e n t video t a p e
usa g e .
j.
The rele a s e of us e- of-forc e vide ot a p e s to the ne w s me di a shall occ u r
only with ap p ro v a l from He a d q u a r t e r s , in acc o r d a n c e with BICE
pro c e d u r e s an d rul es of ac co u n t a b ili ty.
k.
Staff shall sto r e us e- of-force equi p m e n t in the roo m desi g n a t e d for
re s p o n s e equip m e n t issu e .
l.
The Cont ro l Office r is re s p o n s i bl e for mai nt a i n i n g th e video ca m e r a ( s )
an d oth e r video eq uip m e n t . This shall inclu d e re g ul a r ly sc he d u l e d
te s ti n g , no les s tha n onc e pe r shift, to ens u r e all par t s , includi n g
bat t e r i e s , are in worki n g ord e r; an d ke e pi n g bac k- up sup p li e s on ha n d
(ba t t e ri e s , ta p e s , lens- cle a n e r s , etc.). This res p o n s i b ility shall be
inco r p o r a t e d into the Con t ro l Office r’s pos t ord e r s .
B.
Prin c i p l e s Gove r n i n g th e Us e of For c e and Appli c a t i o n of Re s t r a i n t s
1.
Und e r no circ u m s t a n c e s sh all forc e be us e d to punis h a det a i n e e .
2.
Staff shall at te m p t to gain the det a in e e ’s willing coo p e r a t i o n befo re
usin g forc e .
3.
Staff shall us e only th at amo u n t of force nec e s s a r y to gain cont r ol of
th e det a in e e .
4.
Imm e di a t e use of res t r a i n t s is war r a n t e d to pr ev e n t the det ai n e e from
ha r m i n g self or oth e r s , or fro m cau s i n g se rio u s pro p e r t y da m a g e . If,
afte r the de t ai n e e is und e r con tr o l, the contin ui n g use of res t r a i n t s
ap p e a r s nec e s s a r y , OIC ap p r ov al is re q ui r e d in writi n g.
5.
Additio n a l res t r a i n t s may be ap plie d to a det a i n e e who con ti n u e s to
re si s t afte r staff achi ev e s physic a l cont r ol, or who has bee n pla c e d
und e r cont r ol by th e Use- of-Forc e Tea m Tec h ni q u e . If a re s t r a i n e d
det a i n e e refus e s to mov e or ca n n o t mov e bec a u s e of th e res t r a i n t s ,
staff may lift and car ry th e de t ai n e e to the ap p r o p ri a t e de s ti n a t i o n .
The res t r a i n t s shall not be us e d for liftin g or ca r ryin g a det a i n e e .
6.
Staff may not re m ov e th e re s t r a i n t s until the de t ai n e e ha s reg a i n e d
self- cont r ol.
7.
The followin g use s of re s t r a i n t equi p m e n t or devic e s (e.g., han d c u ffs )
are prohi bi t e d :
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On a det a i n e e ’s ne ck or face, or in any ma n n e r tha t res t r ic t s blood
circ ul a tio n or obs tr u c t s the det a in e e ’s airw a y s (mou t h , nos e, nec k,
eso p h a g u s );
To ca us e physic a l pain or extr e m e disc o mf o r t .
The sup e rv is o r is res p o n s i bl e for staff comp li a n c e with the mini m u m -
pre s s u r e - ne c e s s a r y policy whe n ap plyin g res t r a i n t s (on the det a i n e e ’s
che s t , bac k, ne ck, etc.).
While cau s i n g som e disco m fo r t may be una voi d a b l e eve n wh e n
ap plyi n g re s t r a i n t s pro p e r ly, exa m pl e s of prohi bi t e d applic a ti o n s
includ e , a mo n g oth e r s : hog- tying, fetal res t r a i n t s (cuffe d in fron t with
con n e c t i n g res t r a i n t dr a w n- up to cre a t e the fetal positio n);
unn e c e s s a r i ly tigh t res t r a i n t s ; an d impr o p e r l y ap pli e d res t r a i n t s . Staff
will mo ni to r all de ta i n e e s plac e d in res t r a i n t s .
Ha r d re s t r a i n t s (e.g., ste e l han d c u ffs an d leg irons ) will be us e d only
afte r soft res t r a i n t s prov e (or have previo u s ly prov e n ) ineffec tiv e with
th e det a in e e in que s ti o n .
8.
Me dic a ti o n sh all not be us e d to sub d u e an unco o p e r a t i v e det a i n e e for
staff conv e n i e n c e . Me dic a ti o n mus t be pre s c r i b e d and admi ni s t e r e d by
lice n s e d me dic al per s o n n e l , for me di c a l pur p o s e s only.
9.
The doc u m e n t i n g , rep o r t i n g , an d inve s ti g a t i n g of us e- of-forc e incid e n t s
both prot e c t s staff fro m unfou n d e d alleg a ti o n an d elimin a t e s th e
unw a r r a n t e d us e of force .
C.
Appr o v e d Re s tr a i n t Eq ui p m e n t
Devia tio n s from th e followin g list of res t r a i n t eq uip m e n t are pro hib it e d :
1.
Ha n d c uffs : stai nl e s s ste el, 10 oz.;
2.
Leg Iron s: stainl e s s ste el, me e t Na ti on a l Instit u t e of Jus tic e sta n d a r d ;
3.
Ma rt i n d a l e Res t r a i n t Belt;
4.
Waist or Belly Ch ai n: Cas e h a r d e n e d ch ain s with a mini m u m bre a ki n g
stre n g t h of ap p r oxi m a t e ly 800 pou n d s ;
5.
Ha n d c uff Cove r: Highly effec tiv e cas e s for the sec u r i ty of han d c u ff s
use d on high sec u ri ty de t ai n e e s ;
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6.
Soft Res tr a i n t s : Vinyl typ e with soft arm an d leg cuffs cont a i ni n g soft
belt s with key locks;
7.
Pla s ti c Cuffs: disp o s a b l e ;
8.
Ambula t o r y Res t r a i n t s : soft an d har d equi p m e n t tha t provid e s fre e d o m
of move m e n t sufficie n t for ea tin g , drink, an d taki n g car e of basi c
hu m a n nee d s with o u t staff int e rv e n t i o n ;
9.
Any oth e r BICE- app r o v e d res t r a i n t device .
D.
Us e - of- For c e Tea m Saf e g u a r d s
1.
Com pli a n c e with the Us e- of-Forc e Tea m pro c e d u r e s ca n pre v e n t injury
an d expos u r e to com m u n i c a b l e dis e a s e .
2.
Use- of-Forc e Tea m me m b e r s an d oth e r s pa r tici p a t i n g in calc ula t e d us e
of forc e shall:
a.
We a r pro t e c t iv e ge a r , an d
b.
Rec eive trai nin g on com m u n i c a b l e dis e a s e s du ri n g orie n t a t i o n
an d sch e d u l e d an n u a l traini n g .
3.
An individ u al with a skin dis e a s e or skin injury shall not pa rti ci p a t e in a
calcul a t e d us e- of-force actio n.
4.
If the circ u m s t a n c e s of an imm e d i a t e use- of-forc e incid e n t pe r m i t, staff
will obt ai n and us e ap p r o p r i a t e prot e c tiv e equip m e n t (helm e t s with
face shield s , glove s , pa d s , etc.) befo re inte rv e n i n g .
5.
Staff shall us e prot e c ti v e devic e s whe n ent e r i n g a cell or are a whe r e
blood or oth e r body fluids could be pre s e n t .
6.
The shift sup e rv is o r shall ins p e c t are a s of bloo d or oth e r body- fluid
spilla g e afte r an incid e n t . Unl es s he/s h e de t e r m i n e s th a t the spilla g e
mus t be pre s e r v e d as evide n c e , to inclu d e video ta pi n g , staff shall
imm e d i a t e l y sa ni tiz e thos e ar e a s . The me dic a l de p a r t m e n t shall
provi d e guid a n c e on app ro p r i a t e clea n i n g solu ti on s and us a g e .
7.
Sta n d a r d sa nit a t io n pro c e d u r e s sh all be follow e d in are a s with bloo d or
oth e r body- fluid spillag e . Wea ri n g pro t e c ti v e glove s , staff and/ o r
det a i n e e s imm e d i a t e l y shall ap ply disinfe c t a n t to cell walls, floors, etc.,
sa ni tiz e the cell walls or floors , etc. Article s of clothi n g and us e- of-
forc e equip m e n t cont a mi n a t e d with body fluids , will be imme d i a t e ly
disinfe c t e d or de s t r o y e d , as app ro p r i a t e .
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E.
Pro g r e s s i n g and Amb u l a t o r y Re s t r a i n t s
Whe n e v e r pos si ble , staff shall apply a mb ul a t o r y res t r a i n t s (see I.C.8, abov e).
If the de t ai n e e ’s beh a vi o r ma k e s us e of more res t ri c t iv e or sec u r e re s t r a i n t s
nec e s s a r y , the OIC shall de cid e on the app r o p r i a t e re s t r a i n t me t h o d , e.g.,
ha r d re s t r a i n t s with/ wit h o u t wais t ch ain or belt; four- poin t soft res t r a i n t s ,
with ha rd res t r a i n t s sec u r i n g th e de ta i n e e to his/h e r be d; four- point ha r d
re s t r a i n t s , etc.
In situ a t io n s involvin g hig hly ass a ul tiv e and agg r e s s iv e det a i n e e s ,
pro g r e s s iv e re s t r a i n t s may be use d as an inte r m e d i a t e me a s u r e in placi n g
th e det a in e e into, or re m o vi n g a det a i n e e fro m, four- point res t r a i n t s .
F.
Us e of Fo ur - Poi n t Re s t r a i n t s
Staff sh all follow the spe cifie d four- point res t r a i n t proc e d u r e s :
1.
Use soft res t r a i n t s (e.g., vinyl), unle s s :
a.
Previo u s ly ineffe c tive with det a i n e e in que s tio n, or
b.
Provin g ineffe c tiv e in the curr e n t ins t a n c e .
2.
Provid e the de ta i n e e wit h te m p e r a t u r e - app ro p r i a t e clot hin g an d a bed,
ma t t r e s s , sh e e t , an d/o r blan k e t.
Und e r no circ u m s t a n c e sh all a de t ai n e e re m a i n nak e d or witho u t cove r
(she e t or blan k e t ) unle s s det e r m i n e d nec e s s a r y by qualifie d he al t h
per s o n n e l.
3.
Chec k and rec o r d the de t ai n e e’ s con ditio n at leas t eve ry 15 minu t e s to
ens u r e th a t th e re s t r a i n t s ar e not ha m p e r i n g circ ul a t io n an d to mo nito r
th e gen e r a l welfa r e of the det a in e e . If the det a i n e e is confin e d by bed
re s t r a i n t s , staff shall pe riod ic a lly rot a t e the det a i n e e’ s positio n to
prev e n t sor e n e s s or stiffn e s s .
4.
A heal t h profe s s i o n a l shall tes t th e det a i n e e’ s bre a t h i n g , oth e r vital
sign s , and physic a l and verb a l res p o n s e s ; and , if the de ta i n e e is be d-
re s t r a i n e d , de t e r m i n e how he/s h e sho ul d be plac e d . Qualifie d hea lt h
per s o n n e l shall visit the det a i n e e at lea s t twic e pe r eigh t- hou r shift.
Whe n qu alifie d hea lt h pe rs o n n e l are not imm e di a t e l y availa bl e , staff
shall pla c e the det a i n e e in a “fac e- up” positio n until the me dic a l
evalu a ti o n .
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5.
Use of four- poin t res t r a i n t s beyo n d eigh t hou r s req u i r e s medi c a l
sup e r vi si o n.
6.
The shift sup e r vi s o r shall revie w a det a i n e e in four- point res t r a i n t s
eve ry two hou r s . If the re s t r a i n t s hav e had a calmin g effec t, they may
be re m ov e d an d, if ap p r o p r i a t e , repl a c e d by a less res t ri c t iv e device .
At eve ry two- hou r revie w, the det a in e e will be afford e d the oppo r t u n i t y
to the us e the toile t, unle s s the de t ai n e e activ ely re sis t s or bec o m e s
com b a t i v e wh e n rele a s e d from re s t r a i n t s for this pur p o s e .
The decisio n to rele a s e the det a in e e or apply less e r res t r a i n t s shall not
be dele g a t e d below th e shift sup e rv is o r’s level. The shift sup e r vis o r
may se e k advic e from me n t a l or physic al he al t h profes s i o n a l s abo u t
whe n to re m o v e th e res t r a i n t s .
7.
Whe n re s t r a i n i n g a de t ai n e e for mo re tha n eigh t hou r s , the OIC shall
tele p h o n i c a lly notify the Assis t a n t Dist ric t Dire ct o r for Dete n t io n and
Depo r t a t i o n , with upd a t e s eve ry eigh t hou r s un til the res t r a i n t s are
re m o v e d .
The OIC shall provid e the Distric t Dire c t o r with writt e n docu m e n t a t i o n
of the rea s o n (s ) for placi n g th e de t ai n e e in four- point res t r a i n t s ,
re g a r d l e s s of du r a t i o n , on th e followin g work d a y.
G.
M e d i c a l Att e n t i o n in I m m e d i a t e Us e - of- Forc e an d Appli c a t i o n - of-
Re s t r a i n t s Inc i d e n t s
In imm e d i a t e use- of-forc e situ a ti o n s , staff sh all se ek the assis t a n c e of me n t a l
he alt h or oth e r me dic a l pe r s o n n e l upo n gaini n g physic a l con tr o l of the
det a i n e e .
1.
Whe n poss ibl e , staff shall see k suc h as sis t a n c e at the ons e t of the
viole n t be h a vio r . In calc ula t e d use- of-forc e situ a t io n s , th e us e- of-forc e
te a m lea d e r sh all see k the guid a n c e of qu alifie d he al t h per s o n n e l
(ba s e d on a revie w of the det a i n e e’ s me di c a l re co r d ) to iden tify
physic al or me n t a l pro ble m s . If the me n t a l- or physic a l- he al t h
profe s s i o n a l det e r m i n e s tha t the det a i n e e req ui r e s contin u i n g car e ,
e.g., a pre g n a n t det ai n e e , he/s h e shall mak e the nec e s s a r y
arr a n g e m e n t s . Con ti n ui n g car e may involve suc h me a s u r e s as
ad mis s io n to the facility hos pi t a l, res t r a i ni n g a pre g n a n t de t ai n e e in a
way tha t doe s not inclu d e fac e d o w n , four- point res t r a i n t s .
2.
Afte r any us e of forc e or forcibl e ap plic a t io n of re s t r a i n t s , me di c al
per s o n n e l sh all exa mi n e the det a i n e e , imme d i a t e ly tre a ti n g any
injurie s . The me dic al se rvic e s provid e d shall be doc u m e n t e d .
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Me dic a l staff sh all imm e di a t e l y exa m in e any staff me m b e r involve d in a
use- of-forc e incid e n t who re p o r t s an inju ry and , if nec e s s a r y , provid e
initial e me r g e n c y tre a t m e n t .
H.
Us e of No n - Let h a l We a p o n s
The OIC may aut h o r iz e the us e of non- leth al we a p o n s if th e de t ai n e e :
1.
Is ar m e d an d/o r bar ri c a d e d ; or
2.
Can n o t be ap p r o a c h e d witho u t dan g e r to self or oth e r s ; an d
3.
A del ay in con t ro llin g the situ a t io n would seriou s ly en d a n g e r th e
det a i n e e or oth e r s , or woul d re s ul t in a majo r dist u r b a n c e or se rio u s
pro p e r t y da m a g e .
Staff sh all con s ul t me di c a l staff befor e usin g pe p p e r sp ra y or oth e r non- let h al
we a p o n ( s ) unle s s esc a l a t i n g te n si o n mak e suc h actio n una void a b l e . Whe n
pos sibl e , me di c a l staff will revie w the de t ai n e e ’s me dic a l file for a dise a s e or
con di tio n th a t a no n- leth al we a p o n could seriou sly exac e r b a t e , inclu di n g , but
not limit e d to, ast h m a , emp hy s e m a , bro n c hi ti s , tub e r c u l o s i s , obs t r u c tiv e
pulm o n a ry dis e a s e , angi n a pec t o ri s , car di a c myop a t h y , or cong e s t iv e hea r t
failu r e.
I.
Us e of For c e in Sp e c i a l Circ u m s t a n c e s
Occa s io n a lly, aft e r the failu r e or imp r a c t i c a b ility of confro n t a t i o n - avoid a n c e ,
staff mus t mak e a judg m e n t call as to whe t h e r to use forc e . In suc h cas e s ,
involvin g a pre g n a n t de ta i n e e , for exa m p l e , or an ag g r e s s i v e det a i n e e with
ope n cuts , sore s , or lesio ns , staff shall con s ul t with the Clinic al Direc t o r
befo r e decidi n g th e situ a ti o n is gr av e eno u g h to war r a n t the us e of physic a l
forc e.
1.
Pre g n a n t De t a i n e e s
Me dic a l staff shall pre s c r i b e the pre c a u t i o n s re q u i r e d to pro t e c t the
fetus , includi n g th e ma n n e r in whic h the pre g n a n t det a i n e e will be
re s t r a i n e d , th e advis a b ility of a me dic al profe s s io n a l’s pre s e n c e wh e n
re s t r a i n t s are ap plie d, an d the me dic a l nec e s s i ty of re s t r a i ni n g th e
det a i n e e in the facility hos pi t a l or a loc al me dic a l facility.
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2.
D et a i n e e s wit h Wo u n d s or Cut s
Staff shall we a r pro t e c t iv e gea r whe n res t r a i ni n g agg r e s s iv e de t ai n e e s
with ope n cut s or wou n d s . If us e of force is de e m e d nec e s s a r y , this
ge a r will includ e a full- body shiel d.
Aggr e s s iv e det a i n e e s , in res t r a i n t s , sh all be pla c e d in ad mi ni s t r a ti v e
det e n t i o n , se g r e g a t e d from all oth e r de t ai n e e s . Suc h det ai n e e s
gen e r a lly re m ai n in the Spe c ia l Man a g e m e n t Unit (SM U) un til clea r e d
to re t u r n to th e ge n e r a l pop ul a t io n by the Chief Det e n t i o n Enfor c e m e n t
Offic e r (CDEO) an d the Clinic Direc t o r, wit h th e OIC’s ap p r ov al .
J.
Do c u m e n t a t i o n of Us e of For c e and Appli c a t i o n of Re s t r a i n t s
Inc i d e n t s
Staff sh all pre p a r e det a ile d doc u m e n t a t i o n of all incid e n t s involvin g th e us e
of forc e, che mi c a l ag e n t s , or non- leth a l we a p o n s . St aff shall like wis e
doc u m e n t th e us e of res t r a i n t s on a det ai n e e who be co m e s violen t or dis pl ay s
sign s of immin e n t viole n c e . A copy of th e re p o r t shall be pla c e d in the
det a i n e e’s de t e n t io n file.
1.
Re p o r t of Inc i d e n t
Staff shall pr e p a r e a “Us e of Forc e ” form (att a c h e d ) for ea c h incid e n t
involvin g us e of che mi c al ag e n t s , pe p p e r spr a y or oth e r non- leth a l
we a p o n s , applic a ti o n of prog r e s s i v e re s t r a i n t s (re g a r d l e s s of level of
det a i n e e coop e r a t i o n ), etc. The rep o r t iden tifie s the det a in e e ( s ) , staff,
an d oth e r s involv e d, an d des c ri b e s the incid e n t . If non- leth a l we a p o n s
are us e d , e.g., colla p s i ble ste el bat o n or 36- inch stra i g h t (riot) ba to n ,
th e loca tio n of strik e s mu s t be rep o r t e d on th e Us e of Forc e form.
Eac h staff me m b e r shall com pl e t e a me m o r a n d u m for the re co r d , to be
att a c h e d to th e origin a l Use of Forc e form . The re po r t , acc o m p a n i e d
by the me dic al re po r t ( s) mus t be sub m it t e d to th e OIC by the en d of th e
shift du ri n g whic h the incid e n t occ u r r e d .
Within two work d a y s , copi e s of the rep o r t sh all be pla c e d in the
det a i n e e’s A-File and sen t to the Dist ri c t Dire c t o r .
A rep o r t is not ne c e s s a r y for the gen e r a l us e of res t r a i n t s (for exa m p l e ,
th e routi n e move m e n t or tra n s f e r of det a i n e e s ).
2.
Fo ur- Poi n t Re s t r a i n t s Re p o r t
Staff sh all us e th e SM U log bo ok to re co r d eac h 15- min u t e che c k of
det a i n e e s in four- poin t res t r a i n t s . Docu m e n t a t i o n shall con ti n u e until
th e re s t r a i n t s’ re m ov al.
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The shift su p e r vi s o r shall us e the boun d ledg e r to doc u m e n t any
neg a tiv e be h a vi o r obs e rv e d du ri n g his/h e r every- oth e r- hou r revie w s .
3.
Vid e o t a p e s of Us e - of- Forc e Inc i d e n t s
Staff shall imm e d i a t e l y obt ain and rec o r d with a vide o cam e r a any us e-
of-forc e incid e n t , unle s s such a del ay in brin gi n g the situ a ti o n und e r
cont r o l would cons ti t u t e a serio u s haz a r d to the det ai n e e , staff, or
oth e r s , or would res ul t in a majo r dist u r b a n c e or se rio u s prop e r t y
da m a g e . Calc ul a t e d us e of forc e shall be video t a p e d as pre vio u s ly
des c ri b e d .
Whe n an imm e di a t e thr e a t to the safe ty of th e de t ai n e e , oth e r pe rs o n s ,
or pro p e r t y , ma k e s a delay e d res p o n s e impr a c t ic a l , staff shall activ at e
a video ca m e r a and sta r t rec o r d i n g th e incid e n t as quickly as pos sibl e .
Afte r re g ai ni n g con t ro l of th e situ a t io n , staff will follow th e pro c e d u r e s
ap plic a bl e to calc ula t e d use- of-forc e incid e n t s .
Onc e the OIC ha s revie w e d the vide o t a p e (within four work d a y s of the
incide n t) , he/s h e will se n d the Dist ric t Direc to r a copy for revie w. The
Dist ri c t Dire c t o r shall forw a r d vide ot a p e s of que s ti o n a b l e or
ina p p r o p r i a t e cas e s to the Region a l Direc t o r.
4.
Re c o r d Ke e p i n g
The CDEO shall main t a i n all us e- of-forc e doc u m e n t a t i o n , inclu di n g the
vide ot a p e an d th e origin al afte r- actio n revie w form for a mini m u m of
30 mon t h s . A sep a r a t e file sh all be es ta b li s h e d on eac h us e- of-forc e
incide n t .
K.
Afte r- Acti o n Rev i e w of Us e of Forc e an d Appli c a t i o n of Res t r a i n t s
Inc i d e n t s
Writt e n pro c e d u r e s sha ll gove r n the us e- of-forc e incide n t revie w , whe t h e r
calcul a t e d or imm e d i a t e , and the applic a ti o n of re s t r a i n t s . The revie w is to
ass e s s the re a s o n a b l e n e s s of the actio n s tak e n (forc e pro p o r ti o n a l to th e
det a i n e e’s ac tio n s ), etc.
The OIC, the Assis t a n t OIC, the CDEO, and the He alt h Se rvic e s
Adminis t r a t o r sh all cond u c t the afte r- acti n revie w . This four- me m b e r After-
Action Revie w Tea m shall conv e n e on th e wor k d a y afte r the incid e n t . The
Afte r- Action Revie w Tea m sh all gat h e r rele v a n t infor m a t i o n , det e r m i n e
whe t h e r policy was follow e d, an d com pl e t e an afte r- ac tio n re po r t , re co r di n g
th e nat u r e of th eir revie w an d findin g s . The afte r- ac tio n re p o r t is du e within
two workin g days of the det a i n e e’ s re m ov al fro m res t r a i n t s .
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If the incid e n t revi e w reve a ls a violatio n of BICE policy or proc e d u r e s , the
Afte r- Action Revie w Tea m sh all de te r m i n e whe t h e r the situ a ti o n called for
imp ro vis e d actio n an d, if so, whe t h e r th e actio n ta ke n was re a s o n a b l e an d
ap p r o p r i a t e .
Within two work d a y s of th e After- Action Revie w Tea m’s de te r m i n a t i o n , th e
OIC sh all rep o r t th e findin g of app r o p r i a t e /i n a p p r o p r i a t e us e of forc e, via
me m o r a n d u m , to the Distric t Direc to r , the outc o m e of the After- Action
Revie w and th a t th e us e of force (oth e r th a n fire a r m s ) was
ap p r o p r i a t e / i n a p p r o p r i a t e .
The After- Action Revie w Tea m shall also revie w the video t a p e for com pli a n c e
with all provisio n s of this sta n d a r d , inclu din g , amo n g oth e r thin g s :
a.
Stric t com pli a n c e
with th e Us e- of-Forc e
Tea m Tec h ni q u e :
profe s s i o n a li s m of shift sup e r vi s o r , eve ry te a m me m b e r we a ri n g
pre s c ri b e d prot e c t iv e ge a r , etc.;
b.
Abse n c e of tow el s, tap e , sur gic a l ma s k s , hosi e ry , and oth e r
un a u t h o r iz e d ite m s , eq ui p m e n t or devic e s ;
c.
Tea m me m b e r s ap plyin g only as muc h forc e as nec e s s a r y to sub d u e the
det a i n e e . This includ e s res p o n d i n g ap p r o p ri a t e l y to a sub d u e d or
coop e r a t i v e de t ai n e e , e.g., one who disc o n ti n u e s his/h e r violen t
beh a vio r;
d.
Shift sup e r vi s o r clea rly in cha r g e of te a m an d situ a t io n . This includ e s
inte rv e ni n g at firs t sig n of one or mo re te a m me m b e r s ap plyin g mor e
forc e tha n nec e s s a r y ;
e.
Det ain e e rec eiv e s and reje c t s oppo r t u n i t y to sub m it to re s t r a i n t s
volun t a r ily befo r e te a m ent e r s the cell/a r e a . If he or sh e sub m i t s , te a m
actio n sho ul d not be nec e s s a r y ;
f.
Tea m me m b e r s applyin g re s t r a i n t s exe r t no mor e pre s s u r e tha n
nec e s s a r y to th e de t ai n e e ’s tho r a x (che s t an d bac k), thro a t , he a d , and
extr e m i t i e s ;
g.
Amou n t of tim e nee d e d to re s t r a i n the det ai n e e . If te a m req u i r e s mor e
th a n five min u t e s , for exa m p l e , with a de ta i n e e who is not re sis ti n g ,
this could indic a t e tra ini n g pro bl e m s and oth e r ina d e q u a c i e s ;
h.
Prot e c t iv e ge a r wor n by te a m me m b e r s inside cell/a r e a , until end of
ope r a ti o n ;
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i.
Contin u o u s phot o g r a p h i c cove r a g e from th e time th e ca m e r a sta r t s
re c o r d i n g until the incid e n t is ove r. The revie w tea m will inve s ti g a t e
any bre a k s or seq u e n c e s app a r e n t ly missi n g from th e video t a p e ;
j.
A me dic a l profe s s io n a l pro m p t ly exa mi n e s th e det a i n e e , with th e
findin g s re po r t e d on tap e ;
k.
Appro p ri a t e us e of che mi c a l age n t s , pe p p e r mac e , etc., in acco r d a n c e
with writ t e n proc e d u r e s ;
l.
Tea m me m b e r ( s ) add r e s s i n g re m a r k s th at are de ro g a t o r y , de m e a n i n g ,
ta u n ti n g , or oth e r w i s e inap p r o p r i a t e / i nfl a m m a t o r y to det ai n e e or
per s o n ( s ) outs id e th e cell or are a .
Re p o r t Co m p l e t i o n
The After- Actio n Review Tea m shall com pl e t e and sub m i t its Afte r- Action
Revie w Repo r t to th e OIC withi n two worki n g days of the det a i n e e’s rel e a s e
from re s t r a i n t s . The OIC shall revie w and sig n th e rep o r t , ack n o wl e d g i n g its
findin g th a t the us e of force was app ro p r i a t e / i n a p p r o p r i a t e .
Furt h e r Inv e s t i g a t i o n
The revie w te a m shall det e r m i n e wh e t h e r the incide n t req ui r e s furt h e r
inves tig a ti o n ; also, whe t h e r th e incid e n t sho ul d be refe r r e d to the Office of
Inte r n a l Audit, the Office r of th e Ins p e c t o r Gen e r a l, or th e Fe d e r a l Bure a u of
Inve s ti g a t i o n .
The OIC shall forw a r d a copy of the After- Action Review Rep o rt to the
Dist ri c t Dire c t o r .
L.
Auth o r i z e d N o n - d e a d l y For c e Dev i c e s
The followin g devic e s are aut h o ri z e d (for official use only):
1.
Oleor e s i n cap si c u m (OC) spr a y;
2.
Colla p si bl e ste el ba to n ;
3.
BICE- ap p r ov e d , elec t r o n i c- defe n s e mod ul e (inclu d e s con t ro l belt)
4.
36” str ai g h t , or riot, ba to n .
M.
Un a u t h o r i z e d No n - de a d l y For c e D evi c e s
The followin g non- de a d ly forc e devic e s are not au t h o r iz e d for us e:
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1.
Sap s , blac kj a c k s , and sap glov es ;
2.
Ma c e , te a r gas , or oth e r ch e mi c a l age n t s , exc e p t OC sp ra y;
3.
Hom e m a d e devic e s or tools; an d
4.
Any oth e r devic e or tool not issu e d or app r ov e d by BICE.
N.
N o n - de a d ly For c e Pr o h i b i t e d Act s and Te c h n i q u e s
The followin g acts an d tec h ni q u e s are prohi bi t e d wh e n usin g non- dea dly
forc e:
1. Chok e holds , caro ti d cont r ol holds , and oth e r ne ck res t r a i n t s ;
2. Usin g a ba to n to apply chok e or “co m e- alon g” hold s to the ne ck ar e a ;
3. Inte n ti o n a l ba to n strike s to the he a d , fac e, groi n, sola r plexu s , nec k,
kidn e y s , or spin al colu m n ;
4. Strikin g a det a i n e e for failin g to obey an ord e r;
5. Strikin g a det a i n e e wh e n gra s p i n g or pus hi n g him/ h e r would achi ev e the
desi r e d re s ul t;
6. Usin g force ag ai n s t a det ai n e e offeri n g no re sis t a n c e ;
For furt h e r inform a t i o n , se e the Na tio n a l Enforc e m e n t Sta n d a r d , “Us e of
Non- de a dly Forc e ” and Admini s t r a t iv e Man u a l , sec tio n 20.0 1 2
O.
Trai ni n g
To cont r ol a situ a tio n involvin g an agg r e s s i v e det a i n e e , all staff mu s t be
ma d e aw a r e of their res p o n s i b ilitie s th ro u g h ongoi n g trai nin g . All det e n ti o n
per s o n n e l shall also be trai n e d in ap p r o v e d met h o d s of self- defe n s e ,
confro n t a t i o n avoid a n c e tec h n i q u e s , and the use of force to cont r ol
det a i n e e s . Staff will be ma d e awa r e of pro hi bit e d us e- of-force act s and
te c h n i q u e s . Sp e ci aliz e d traini n g sh all be re q u i r e d for cer t a i n non- leth a l
equi p m e n t e.g., OC spra y /e l e c t r o n i c devic e s . Staff me m b e r s will re c eiv e
an n u a l trai nin g in confro n t a t i o n - avoid a n c e proc e d u r e s and forc e d cell- move
te c h n i q u e s . Eac h staff me m b e r pa rti ci p a t i n g in a calc ula t e d us e of force cell-
move mu s t hav e doc u m e n t a t i o n of ann u a l trai nin g in th e s e are a s .
Use of Fo rc e
Aug us t 1, 200 2
Sta n d a r d Op er a ti n g Proc e d u r e s
15
Traini n g sho uld also cove r use of forc e in spe ci al sit u a ti o n s . Eac h offic e r
mus t be spe cific ally ce rtifie d to us e a give n device .
Amon g othe r thin g s , trai ni n g shall inclu d e :
1.
Com m u n i c a t io n te ch ni q u e s ;
2.
Cultu r a l dive rs i ty;
3.
Dealin g with th e me n t a lly ill
4.
Confro n t a ti o n- avoid a n c e proc e d u r e s ;
5.
Applic at io n of re s t r a i n t s (pro g r e s s i v e and ha r d ); an d
6.
Repo r ti n g proc e d u r e s .
CONC U R
BY:___________________________TITLE:_______________DATE:_________________
APPR OV E D
BY:_________________________TITLE:_______________DATE:_________________
Use of Fo rc e
Aug us t 1, 200 2
Sta n d a r d Op er a ti n g Proc e d u r e s
16