Microsoft Word - 05 Unit.doc

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Reservations and Goods Issues: Unit Objectives

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Preplan goods movements with reservations and
create a picking list

Identify special goods issues, for example,
inspection samples or scrapping

Process different goods issue options, planned or
unplanned, and their respective updates

Create a goods issue using stock determination
functionality

Manage materials with negative stock

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Inventory Management: Overview Diagram

Goods Receipts

Reservations and Goods Issues

Stock Transfers / Transfer Postings

Special Inventory Management Features

Appendix: Pipeline Processing

Consignment

001

0001

0002

B BC

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Your company is currently testing purchase and
production order processing transactions in R/3.
Until you go live with Materials Management, you
intend to plan goods receipts from external
vendors and production order issues through the
R/3 reservation systems.

Your company receives goods into stock and
issues them to a consumption account (to a cost
center in this case). The material manager
responsible for the plant can analyze the stock
situation by looking at stock overview and
consumption statistics.

Reservations: Business Scenario

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Planning

of an

issue

Plant, stor. loc.

Controller

Warehouse manager

Planning

of a

receipt

Reservation

Planning goods movements

Planning

of a

transfer

posting

Reservations

Reservations are requests to the warehouse to have materials ready for issue at a later date and for a
particular purpose.

A reservation can also be used to plan an inward movement in advance.

A reservation ensures that a material is available when it is needed.

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Material

Plant/stor. loc./batch

Requirement date

Movements allowed

Acct assgt

Base date

Check calendar

Reservation Structure

Item

R header

The reservation list is used to analyze reservations. You can select reservations by material,
requirement date, account assignment, or planned receipts and issues.

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XXXXXXXXXXX

W/o reference

With reference

Individual entry

Collective entry

With new base date

Different acct assignment
possible with same
movement type

Creating Reservations

Important functions when creating or changing reservations:

Allow movement

Set deletion indicator

Change base date

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80pcs

50pcs

res.

P.ord.

(2.1)

(2.2)

(2.3)

(2.4)

d (days)

Today

100 pcs

30 pcs

res.

30 pcs

res.

30 pcs

80 pcs

res.

Dynamic Availability Check

Initial situation:

- Stock 100 pieces

80 pieces reserved for withdrawal today + 2 days
50 pieces ordered for today + 4 days

New reservation:
(The messages issued by the system depend on the system settings. The following is an example.)

2.1 Reservation of 30 pcs for today + 1d => warning message

2.2 Reservation of 30 pcs for today + 3d => warning message

2.3 Reservation of 30 pcs for today + 5d => ok, no warning message

2.4 Reservation of 80 pcs for today + 5d => warning message

If the dynamic availablility check is actively set for a type of reservation, the system includes
imminent material requirements in the availability check.

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Material

indicator

Availability check

Goods movement

Checking rule

Movement type

Message on

screen

Customizing
- Definition of checking

rules
- Assignment of checking

rule to R/3 transaction

Customizing
Message type

(error, warning,

information)

Customizing
- Stock types
- Inward/outward elements

- Take account of

replenishment lead time?

Check

availability

Dynamic Availability Check

You can activate the dynamic availability check in Customizing for entering reservations and goods
movements. The R/3 System then carries out the dynamic check in addition to the routine static
availability check.

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Information About Missing Parts

Checking rule
assigned to
transaction?

Missing
parts check
active
in plant?

Prerequisites

Results

Mail to MRP controllers
responsible

Warning message
at GR

Mail to the plant's MRP
controller for missing parts

Non-aggregated
missing parts message

Aggregated missing
parts message

Checking group
entered in
material?

Missing parts situation

Checking rule
defined?
(stock, receipts,
issues)

Activating the missing parts check: The R/3 System runs the missing parts check only if it is
activated in a plant, a checking rule is defined for the transaction, and a checking group is assigned
for the availability check in the material master record.

Determining the checking rule: The R/3 System performs the check based on checking rules (at
transaction level, the same as for the availability check). The checking rule determines the stocks and
requirements that are to be taken into account.

Controlling the warning message: You can turn off the warning message at goods receipt on a
user-specific basis.

Determining the MRP controller: The R/3 System sends the missing parts message to the MRP
controller, if he or she has an office user. If there is no office user, the system searches for the central
MRP controller for missing parts and sends the missing parts message to that person. If this person
does not have an office user either, the R/3 System cannot send a message via e-mail.
At goods receipt, a warning message appears to draw the entry clerk’s attention to this.

Types of missing parts message (output using message determination):

Non-aggregated: one e-mail for each missing parts material, with a maximum of five MRP

elements

Aggregated: one e-mail for each material document and plant, with a list of the missing parts

materials, but without the MRP elements

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Allow

movements

Delete

reservations

Reqmt date

Reservations

30 days

10 days

Sept.01

Oct.11

Base date

Management

Oct.01

Reservation Management

The management program for reservations can both reorganize the reservation file and make mass
changes to reservations.

To do so, it:

Flags items for deletion

Deletes reservations (these are not archived)

Allows movements for reservation items

The management program only includes reservations that have been manually created.

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Days for movement allowed (1 day)

Retention period (2 days)

Reservation mgmt

program

Reqmt date
Current date + 1 day
Mvt allowed indicator
set

Reqmt date
Current date - 2 days
Reservation flagged
for deletion

Entry of reservation

Settings for Reservations

Number range with interval

Default values for mvt allowed indicator

Copy rules

Dynamic availability check

Field selection

Create storage location automatically

You can change the field selection depending on the movement type.

As of Release 4.5A, you can define per plant whether the R/3 System is allowed to create stock
segments for reservations in a particular storage location automatically.

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Creating a Picking List

Printing a picking list

Posting the goods
movements

Creating a picking list

Selection of reservations:
Reservation number:
Material:
Cost center: ...
...
...
Selection of production orders:
Material:
Production order:
Controller:

As of Release 4.6A, you can use a report to create a picking list with reference to a reservation or a
production order. However, you can also enter and post all goods movements in a single step by
selecting all reservations for a material or cost center.

You can use filter functions to choose and sort items in a picking list (for example, selection by
movement type) and filter out items that are not required. In addition, you can call up the stock
determination and batch determination functions to determine which stocks are to be posted for stock
transfers and goods issues.

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Cost center

Asset

Sales

Order

Consumption

Issue

Sampling

Scrapping

From w/house

From consgmt

From pipeline

Goods issue

Goods Issues

Goods issues can be planned or unplanned. The data to be entered depends on the type of goods
issue. The system prepares various account assignment fields, depending on the movement type and
system configuration. It uses automatic account determination to determine the G/L account to which
the movement is posted. You enter a G/L account only if you want to post the goods movement to
another account.

If a material is no longer of use, it is posted for scrapping. If a material is destroyed, this information
must also be entered in the system. You can scrap material from unrestricted-use stock, stock in
quality inspection, and blocked stock. When you post a material for scrapping, the system reduces
the relevant stock, transfers the value of the scrapped material from the stock account to a scrap
account, and debits the cost center entered.

Sample withdrawal is a goods issue generally linked to a quality inspection. The SAP sampling
procedure assures you that the sample for testing is taken from the existing stock. The sampled goods
are treated as destroyed – in other words, the system assumes that the material can no longer be used
after the quality inspection. In this way, sampling is the same as scrapping, with the exception that
the value of the sampled material is posted from the material stock account to the quality inspection
expense account.

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Enjoy Transaction for Goods Issues

M I G O

Goods issue
· Without reference
· With reference
e.g. to a reservation
to an order

Transaction code MB1A

Goods issue
· Without reference
· With reference
e.g. to a reservation
to an order

Transaction code MB1A

Cancel material
docmts for goods
issues

Display material
docmts for goods
issues

4.6C

As of Release 4.6C, you can post goods issues with the EnjoySAP transaction MIGO.

You can use this transaction instead of the following old goods issue transactions:

Goods issue with reference to an order, reservation, or bill of material, and a goods issue without

reference (transaction code MB1A)

Display material documents for goods issues (transaction code MB03)

Cancel material documents for goods issues (transaction code MBST)

The old transactions will remain fully functional until the limitations of the MIGO transaction have
been fully resolved in a future release.

In the settings for Enjoy transactions in Customizing for Inventory Management, you can define
which fields appear on the MIGO transaction screen and how they appear. Also refer to the
documentation in Customizing.

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Entering Goods Issues

Goods issue

W/o reference

Direct entry of
required data
(material, quantity,
account
assignment, ...)

Direct input
Search by material

With reference

To bill of material

To order

To reservation

Selection

plan

ned

Using

stock determination

to determine the

storage location and

stock

When goods are issued with reference to a reservation, the movement allowed indicator must be set
in the reservation item.

To select the reservation, you can also specify the requirement date or a period of time for the
requirement date.

If you carry out a goods movement with reference to a reservation, the system updates the
reservation with the withdrawal quantity and the associated value.

If you no longer require the remaining quantity of a reservation item, you can mark the item as
completed. You can set the final issue indicator when you enter the goods movement or you can set
it directly in the reservation.

To automatically determine the storage location and the stock type (unrestricted-use or
consignment), you can use the stock determination function.

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Materials

staging list

PP orders

Repetitive

manufacturing

Inventory

management

Kanban

Delivery

Stock

determination

Application Areas of Stock Determination

The withdrawal sequence function from Release 3.0 was replaced in 4.0A by the stock determination
function. In Customizing for Inventory Management, there is a conversion report for copying the old
withdrawal sequence groups to stock determination.

Stock determination is a function that can be used on a cross-application basis. It enables you to
determine the stock type from which materials should be removed for withdrawals, picking, and
staging transactions.

Stock determination allows you to lay down strategies for material withdrawals by using predefined
settings. This function is used in several applications, and is therefore important to the integration of
the system as a whole.

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Material 1 Material 2

Material 3 Material 4

Application 1

Application 2 Application 3

Stock determination

group 0001

Stock determination

group 0002

Stock

determination

rule PP1

Stock determination

rule PP2

Strategy 0002

Priority of

- Special stock indicator in the item table
- Storage location

Stock Determination

Strategy 0001

Sort criteria of item table / price / quantity
Number of subsets/split criterion
WM processing
Optional pipeline withdrawal
User exit for item table
Valuation type in the item table

You enter the stock determination group in the material master at plant level. It controls material-
related stock determination.

The stock determination rule is assigned by the application in which it is called.

The stock determination group, along with the stock determination rule, forms the unique key for the
stock determination strategy at plant level.

The stock determination strategy defines which stocks can be considered for a transaction (special
stock indicator, storage location), which preferences are to be included (sorting criteria), which
priority these preferences should have when they are combined with other strategies, or whether
stock determination is carried out online or in the background.

As of Release 4.5A, you can enter a valuation type directly in the item table, enabling you to more
conveniently determine stocks for withdrawal in the case of materials with split valuation.

As of Release 4.5A, you can also include the special stocks E (sales order stock) and Q (project
stock) in stock determination.

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Customizing Settings for MIGO (1)

Field selection
for MIGO

Field selection per
movement type

Modifiable field Input Mand. Disp. Foreground

Bill of lading
Collective slip
Delivery
Delivery note

MvT Field name Mandatory entry Optional entry

SGTXT
GRUND
SGTXT
GRUND

101
102
102
103

Refer to the Customizing documentation.

Field selection for MIGO:
y

The characteristic required entry field is evaluated only for fields with the name GOHEAD...

(header fields) and GOITEM... (item fields). The characteristic foreground is not supported.

Field selection dependent on an influencing value is not supported.

Field selection per movement type:
y

In the EnjoySAP transactions, the Field Selection per Movement Type step replaces the Define

Screen Structure activity. The settings from the Define Screen Structure activity are automatically
copied to the EnjoySAP settings.

The table shows all visible fields (optional entry or mandatory entry). To hide a field, you delete

the required entry from the table.

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Purchase order 101

Inbound delivery 101

Reservation

Customizing Settings for MIGO (2)

Settings for operations and reference documents

Operation Active

Goods receipt

Return delivery

Reversal

(

Transaction

MIGO
MIGO_GI
MIGO_GO
MIGO_GR

(

Reference doc. Active MvT

Refer to the Customizing documentation.

Settings for operations and reference documents:
y

In Customizing, you can restrict the number of selectable operations (goods receipt, goods issue,

and so forth) and the reference document (material document, purchase order, and so forth). You
can also specify the movement type that the system should propose for every reference document.

If you require only certain operations, you can choose from the following transactions:

MIGO Enter all goods movements
MIGO_GR

Enter all goods receipts from external procurement

MIGO_GO

Enter all goods receipts for production orders
MIGO_GI

Enter all goods issues

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Goods receipt:
1000 pcs

1000 pcs

Goods receipt:

1000 pcs

100 pcs

Goods receipt

Goods issue

Physical stock
Book inventory

1000 pcs

0 pcs

+900 pcs

-100 pcs

Physical stock
Book inventory

+900 pcs
+900 pcs

Physical stock
Book inventory

11.

16.

Negative Stocks

You can also manage negative stock balances for materials with moving average price control and
for special stocks, such as vendor consignment, material provided to vendor, sales order stock, and
project stock.

Negative stock balances are required if, for organizational reasons, goods issues are entered before
the corresponding goods receipts, and the material is already physically located in the warehouse.

Once you have posted the goods receipts, the book inventory balance should correspond with the
physical stock again – in other words, it should no longer be negative. Negative stocks always
indicate that physical movements have to be entered in the system at a later stage.

If you work with negative stock balances, you have to ensure that you do not have negative stocks on
the balance sheet key date or when you carry out a physical inventory.

As of Release 4.6A, blocked stock can also be negative.

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Set for valuation area

Set for storage locations

Activate in

material master record

Set for plant and

special stock types

Settings for Negative Stocks

To work with negative stock balances, you have to allow these for the relevant valuation area and
storage locations in Customizing for Inventory Management.

You make the settings for negative stocks in Customizing for Inventory Management by choosing
Inventory Management

→

Goods Issue / Transfer Postings

→

Allow Negative Stocks.

If the first movement of a material is an outward movement, you can define in Customizing that
storage location data is created automatically for goods issues by choosing Create Storage Location
Automatically.

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Reservations: Unit Summary

Preplan goods movements with reservations and
create a picking list

Identify special goods issues, for example,
inspection samples or scrapping

Process different goods issue options, planned or
unplanned, and their respective updates

Create a goods issue using stock determination
functionality

Manage materials with negative stock

You are now able to:

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Reservations and Goods Issues

Exercises

Unit: Reservations and Goods Issues
Topic: Reservations

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Create and display reservations
• Identify the settings needed to manage reservations

Your company is still testing purchasing and production order
processing transactions in R/3. Until you go live with Materials
Management, you intend to plan goods receipts from external
vendors and production order issues through the R/3 reservations
system. This ensures that MRP will have the necessary planning
information.

As a storeperson, use the user menu to carry out the following activities.

1-1

Purchasing informs you that 500 pieces of material T-RN1## and 500 pieces of
material T-RN2## are to be delivered to plant 1000, storage location 0002 in two
weeks time.
Create a reservation for this planned receipt without a purchase order.

Movement type _______________________________________________
Reservation number _________________________________________

1-2 Cost

center

T-L## informs you that it will require 100 pieces of material T-RN1##

and 50 pieces of material T-RN2## in four weeks. The goods are to be withdrawn
from storage location 0002. Enter the storage location in the reservation. Enter a
reservation for these planned withdrawals and note as the goods recipient, the name
of the person you spoke with, Mr. N. VanTory.

Movement type _______________________________________________
Reservation number _________________________________________

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1-3 In

8 weeks, cost center T-L## will have the same material requirement again. The

storage location for this withdrawal is not yet certain.
Create another withdrawal reservation with reference to the reservation from part 1-
2 above. Change the data as required!

Movement type _______________________________________________
Reservation number _________________________________________

1-4

A colleague has just informed you that the materials in the reservation created in 1-
3 will now be required in one week. Therefore, you need to change the date for this
reservation.

What menu path do you use?

____________________________________________________________

1-5

How can you display all of the reservations for materials T-RN1## and T-RN2##?
What reservations are listed for each material?
____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

1-6

Display the stock overview to see the reserved quantity for receipts and issues of
materials T-RN1## and T-RN2##.
(Stock Overview)

Plant 1000

Reserved (issues)

Reserved (receipts)

T-RN1##

T-RN2##

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Exercises

Unit: Reservations and Goods Issues
Topic: Goods Issues

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
•  Enter goods issues
•  Outline the differences between planned and unplanned issues
•  Explain the stock determination function

In your company, you receive goods into stock and issue them to
a consumption account. In this case, it will be a cost center. The
material manager responsible for the plant can analyze the stock
situation by looking at the stock overview and consumption
statistics.

As a storeperson, use the user menu to carry out the following activities.

2-1

Display the stock overview and the consumption statistics for materials T-RN1##
and T-RN2## in plant 1000.
____________________________________________________________

(Stock Overview and Consumption Statistics)

Plant 1000

Unrestr.-use
stock

Reserved
(issues)

Reserved
(receipts)

Total
consumption

T-RN1##

T-RN2##

Menu path for consumption statistics from the stock
overview report:
Position the cursor on the plant line. Choose Extras

→

Display Material. Choose [Extras] and [Consumption].

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2-2

The reservation for a goods receipt without purchase order for materials T-
RN1## and T-RN2## created in part 1-1 of the previous exercise is to be received
into unrestricted-use stock. Post this receipt with reference to the reservation.

Choose Goods Movement

→

Goods Receipt

→

Others

(MIGO).Then choose Goods issue for reservation. Enter
your reservation number or search for it by selecting
Receipts and W/o account assignment.
In the standard configuration of the MIGO transaction, you
can reference reservations only for goods issues.
In Customizing for Inventory Management, you can
configure that goods receipts can reference reservations by
choosing Settings for Enjoy Transactions

→

Settings for

Transactions and Reference Documents.

Which movement type do you use? ____________________________

Material document number

________________________________________________

2-3

A goods issue is to be carried out for cost center T-L## from the warehouse stock
of material T-RN1##. At the time of goods issue, check if there are open
reservations for this material and cost center. Use the pick list to do this.

Menu Path: Reservation

→

Picking List

Create the picking list by specifying the relevant material
and cost center for selection.

Choose the reservation that is due first. Delete all other reservations from the
picking list.
The goods issue quantity equals the reserved quantity. If there is no storage location
specified in the reservation, you determine a storage location via the

stock

determination

function.

Which movement type does the system propose? ______________________

What storage location does the system propose or determine? _______________
Save the list to post the goods issue.

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2-4

You need to issue materials T-RN1## and T-RN2## to cost center T-L##. Run a
reservation list display for these materials and the cost center to determine if there is
a reservation with open quantities for both of these materials. Do not use the
picking list to do this.

Reservation number _________________________________________

2-5

Issue out to cost center T-L## with reference to the open reservation from step 2-4.
The cost center now requires a quantity different to that listed on the reservation.
For material T-RN1##, issue 10 less than the reserved quantity. The remaining
reserved quantity is no longer needed. Set the final issue indicator for this item.
For material T-RN2##, issue the quantity that is listed on the reservation.
Material document number

________________________________________________

2-6 Another

80 pieces of material T-RN2## are to be issued to your cost center T-L##.

Check whether there is a corresponding reservation. There is a reservation, but only
for a quantity of 50 pieces. Enter the goods issue with reference to the reservation,
change the quantity, and specify a storage location with enough stock.
Reservation number _________________________________________
Material document number

________________________________________________

2-7 Cost

center

T-L ## returns 60 pieces of material T-RN2##. Enter this movement as

a reversal of a goods issue with reference to the reservation from part 2-6 above.
The material is placed in storage location 0001.
Do not use the EnjoySAP transaction MIGO!

Menu Path: Goods Movement

→

Goods Issue (Transaction

MB1A)
On the initial goods issue screen, choose Goods Issue

→

Cancel with Reference

→

To Reservation. Enter the

reservation number from part 2-6, select the correct item,
change the quantity, and enter the storage location.

Material document number

________________________________________________

2-8 Cost

center

T-L## needs 10 pieces of material T-RN1## immediately. There is no

reservation for this transaction. Enter this unplanned goods issue for the cost center
from plant 1000.
Movement type _______________________________________________

Material document number

_______________________________________________

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2-9 Cost

center

T-L## and project E-9990 each need 10 pieces of material T-RN1##

immediately. There is no reservation for this transaction. Enter this unplanned
goods issue for the cost center and the project on one material document. Use plant
1000, storage location 0002.

As in part 2-8, enter the item for the cost center with
movement type 201.
Then enter a second item with movement type 221 for WBS
element E-9990.

Material document number

________________________________________________

2-10 Display the stock overview and consumption statistics for materials T-RN1## and

T-RN2## in plant 1000.

(Stock Overview and Consumption Statistics)

Plant 1000

Unrestr.-use
stock

Reserved
(issues)

Reserved
(receipts)

Total
consumption

T-RN1##

T-RN2##

Menu path for consumption statistics from the stock
overview report:
Position the cursor on the plant line. Choose

Extras

→

Display material

Choose [Extras], then [Consumption].

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Exercises

Unit: Reservations and Goods Issues
Topic: Negative Stock

Optional exercise*
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Determine the Customizing settings that allow negative stock
• Define the organizational levels for negative stock

configuration

• Post a goods issue to create negative stock

In your company, you sometimes need to allow negative stock for
a material. Sometimes a delivery will arrive and you do not have
time to process the receipt in the system. If a cost center needs the
material right away, you post a goods issue, which leads to a
negative stock balance. At the end of the day, you process the
goods receipt in the system and this makes the inventory positive
again.

3-1 Cost

center

T-L## needs 100 pieces of material T-RN6## immediately. Check the

stock overview to see how much of material T-RN6## you have in stock. Write
down the current stock situation.

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use

Open purchase
order quantity

T-RN6##

3-2 Cost

center

T-L## needs 100 pieces of material T-RN6## urgently. The material

manager confirms that a delivery has been received for this material, but the receipt
has not been entered into the system because the receiving dock is busy.
3-2-1 Check to see if material T-RN6## will allow negative stock. In which view

of the material master can you set the indicator to allow negative stock?

______________________________________________________

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3-2-2 Issue

100 pieces of material T-RN6## to cost center T-L##. The receiving

department will process the receipt later when they have time.

Material document number
__________________________________________

3-3

Write down the result on the stock overview.

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use
stock

Open purchase
order quantity

T-RN6##

3-4

Verify the configuration settings that affect negative stock. Use the SAP menu to do
this.

Please do not change the settings!

3-4-1 What is the menu path for negative stock configuration?
______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

3-4-2 What are the organizational levels in the configuration table for negative

stock?

______________________________________________________

3-4-3 Display

the

configuration for plant 1000 and answer the following

questions. How many special stock types can be configured to allow
negative stock?

______________________________________________________

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Reservations and Goods Issues

Solutions

Unit: Reservations and Goods Issues
Topic: Reservations

1-1

Inventory Management

→ Reservation → Create

Then choose

Movement type

→ Receipt → From vendor w/o PO → To

unrestricted

Movement type 501

1-2

Inventory Management

→ Reservation → Create

Then choose

Movement type

→ Consumption → For cost center

Movement type 201

1-3

Inventory Management

→ Reservation → Create

On the initial screen, enter today + 8 weeks as the base date and the reservation
from part 1-2 in the 'Reference reservation' field.

Before you copy the default values, delete the storage
location in the items.

Movement type 201

1-4

Inventory Management

→ Reservation → Change

Then choose

Goto

→ Header

1-5

Reservation

→ Reservation list

Use the multiple selection function so that you can select reservations using your
two materials.

The system displays reservations for receipts (mvt 501) and issues (mvt 201) for the
two materials.

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1-6

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

(Stock Overview)

Plant 1000

Reserved (issues)

Reservation
(receipts)

T-RN1##

200

500

T-RN2##

100

500

TSCM52

5-34

Reservations and Goods Issues

Solutions

Unit: Reservations and Goods Issues
Topic: Goods Issues

2-1

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Place the cursor on the

plant line, then choose

Extras

→ Display material.

Then

choose [Additional data] and use the arrow to scroll to the right until

Consumption

appears. Then choose

Consumption

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Plant stock availability:

Enter the material, the plant, and the scope of list. Choose

Execute

. Position the

cursor on the plant line, then choose the option for consumption values.
(Stock Overview and Consumption Statistics)

Plant 1000

Unrestr.-use
stock

Reserved
(issues)

Reserved
(receipts)

Total
consumption

T-RN1##

125

200

500

T-RN2##

100

500

(Depending on how they have been processed up until now, the stocks might be
different from those above)

2-2

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Receipt → Others

Choose the 'goods issue' option and the 'reservation' as a reference document.
Enter the reservation number from part 1-1.

Movement type 501

2-3

Inventory Management

→ Reservation → Picking

Delete all items that are not to be posted. Then post the goods issue.
You do not have to change the quantity.
Movement type 201

2-4

Reservation

→ Reservation list

There is a reservation in which both materials are reserved.

TSCM52

5-35

2-5

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO)

'Goods issue' for reservation

You can also search for the reservation for cost center T-
L## in this transaction. Copy the required reservation
items from the search result.
Do not forget to change the withdrawal quantity for
material T-RN1## to 90 pieces and set the final issue
indicator.

2-6

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO)

'Goods issue' for reservation

You change the quantity from 50 to 80 and choose

Enter

to bypass the warning message regarding the change in
quantity.

2-7

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue

Then

choose

Goods Issue

→ Cancel with Reference → To

Reservation

On the selection screen, you select the item for material T-
RN2## and change the quantity from 80 to 60.
You the copy the item and post the cancellation.

2-8

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO),

then

choose 'Goods issue - Others'.
Enter the material, quantity, account assignment, and the movement type.
Movement type 201

2-9

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO),

as in 2-

8, enter the item for the cost center using movement type 201.
Enter the material and quantity for the second item in the same way. You enter 221
for the movement type and can then also enter the details for the WBS element.

2-10 (Stock Overview and Consumption Statistics)

Plant 1000

Unrestr.-use
stock

Reserved
(issues)

Reserved
(receipts)

Total
consumption

T-RN1##

405

220

T-RN2##

430

(The values can vary depending on how the stocks have been processed in the

exercises.)

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5-36

Reservations and Goods Issues

Solutions

Unit: Reservations and Goods Issues
Topic: Negative Stock

3-1

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use

Open purchase order
quantity

T-RN6##

100

3-2

3-2-1

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Information → Material

General plant data/storage 2.

3-2-2 Inventory Management

→

Goods Movement

→

Goods Issue (MIGO)

'Goods issue - Others'; enter all required data.

You choose Enter to bypass the warning messages.

3-3

Inventory Management

→

Environment

→

Stock

→

Stock Overview

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use

Open purchase order
quantity

T-RN6##

99-

100

3-4

3-4-1

Tools

→ AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Project Management,

then choose

[SAP Reference IMG]

Materials Management

→ Inventory Management and Physical

Inventory

→ Goods Issue/Transfer Postings → Allow Negative Stocks

3-4-2 Valuation area, plant, storage location
3-4-3 You can allow negative stock levels for seven special stock types.

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5-37

Issues

Solutions

Unit: Reservations and Goods Issues
Topic: Goods Issues

2-1

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Place the cursor on the

plant line, then choose

Extras

→ Display material.

Then

choose [Additional data] and use the arrow to scroll to the right until

Consumption

appears. Then choose

Consumption

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Plant stock availability:

Enter the material, the plant, and the scope of list. Choose

Execute

. Position the

cursor on the plant line, then choose the option for consumption values.
(Stock Overview and Consumption Statistics)

Plant 1000

Unrestr.-use
stock

Reserved
(issues)

Reserved
(receipts)

Total
consumption

T-RN1##

125

200

500

T-RN2##

100

500

(Depending on how they have been processed up until now, the stocks might be
different from those above)

2-2

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Receipt → Others

Choose the 'goods issue' option and the 'reservation' as a reference document.
Enter the reservation number from part 1-1.

Movement type 501

2-3

Inventory Management

→ Reservation → Picking

Delete all items that are not to be posted. Then post the goods issue.
You do not have to change the quantity.
Movement type 201

2-4

Reservation

→ Reservation list

There is a reservation in which both materials are reserved.

2-5

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO)

'Goods issue' for reservation

TSCM52

5-38

2-6

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO)

'Goods issue' for reservation

You change the quantity from 50 to 80 and choose

Enter

to bypass the warning message regarding the change in
quantity.

2-7

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue

Then

choose

Goods Issue

→ Cancel with Reference → To

Reservation

On the selection screen, you select the item for material T-
RN2## and change the quantity from 80 to 60.
You the copy the item and post the cancellation.

2-8

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO),

then

choose 'Goods issue - Others'.
Enter the material, quantity, account assignment, and the movement type.
Movement type 201

2-9

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO),

as in 2-

2-10 (Stock Overview and Consumption Statistics)

Plant 1000

Unrestr.-use
stock

Reserved
(issues)

Reserved
(receipts)

Total
consumption

T-RN1##

405

220

T-RN2##

430

(The values can vary depending on how the stocks have been processed in the

exercises.)

TSCM52

6-2



SAP AG 2002

Inventory Management: Overview Diagram

Goods Receipts

Reservations and Goods Issues

Stock Transfers / Transfer Postings

Special Inventory Management Features

Appendix: Pipeline Processing

Consignment

001

0001

0002

B BC

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6-3



SAP AG 1999

Explain the difference between physical and
logical transfers

Identify different ways to post inventory transfers
using one and two-step movement types between
companies, plants, and storage locations

Post a stock transfer between plants and storage
locations and display the stock overview

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Stock Transfers/Transfer Postings: Unit Objectives

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6-5



SAP AG 1999

Trans. posting

Stock transfers

Physical goods movement

Stock transfers can have one or

two steps or be related to a

stock transport order

Transfer posting

Quality

inspec

unres

.-use stock

Material

material

Consignment

warehouse

Storage location

storage location

Plant

plant

Stock transfers

Stock Transfer/Transfer Posting

Transfer posting

Change of stock type, batch

number, or material number

A physical movement may

also occur

Unlike stock transfers, transfer postings do not usually involve a physical goods movement, but a
change in stock type, batch number, or material number.

Examples of transfer postings include release from quality inspection or transfer from consignment
material to your company’s own stocks.

The system creates a material document so that the transaction can be entered. Documents in
Financial Accounting (FI, CO, CO-PC) are created only if there is a stock change involving
valuation (for example, goods are transferred from one plant to another).

You can also carry out stock transfers with reference to the purchase order. The entire process is
explained in the training course LO925 Cross-Application Business Processes in SD and MM.

TSCM52

6-6



SAP AG 1999

Company code

001

0001

0002

Company code

001

0001

0002

Plant 0001

Plant 0002

SLoc. 0001

SLoc. 0002

Stock Transfer Types

Stock transfers can be carried out at three different levels:

Stock transfer from one company code to another

Stock transfer from one plant to another

Stock transfer from one storage location to another

A stock transfer consists of a goods issue from the issuing point and a goods receipt in the receiving
point. You can post stock transfers in one step or in two steps.

TSCM52

6-7



SAP AG 1999

Stor. loc. 0002

Unrestricted-use

stock

Stor. loc. 0001

Unrestricted-use

stock

Stor. Loc. to Stor. Loc. - One-Step Procedure

A stock transfer from one storage location to another is carried out within one plant. As the material
is transferred within the same plant, and is managed with the same valuation data as before, the
transfer is not valuated.

The advantage of the one-step procedure is that you enter the stock transfer in a single transaction.

You can also use the two-step procedure to transfer stock from one storage location to another.

TSCM52

6-8



SAP AG 1999

B C

Plant 0002

Unrestricted-use

stock

Plant 0001

B C

Unrestricted-use

stock

In stock transfer

Plant to Plant - Two-Step Procedure

If you use the two-step procedure, you can monitor stocks while they are in transit. Once you have
posted the goods issue from the issuing point, the stock is located in stock transfer at the receiving
point, and is managed as such in the system.

You can also carry out cross-plant stock transfers using the one-step procedure.

TSCM52

6-9



SAP AG 1999

Plant 1

Unrestricted-

use

stock

Goods

rcpt for PO

Goods issue

Stock in

transit

Unrestricted-

use

stock

Plant 2

Purch. ord.

Stock Transport Order: Two-Step Procedure

TSCM52

6-10



SAP AG 1999

Plant 1

Purch. ord.

Unrestricted-

use

stock

Goods receipt

for

purchase order

Plant 2

Unrestricted-

use

stock

Goods issue

Stock Transport Order: One-Step Procedure

You can also post stock transfers with reference to a stock transport order using a one-step procedure
instead of the two-step procedure. This procedure does not involve stock in transit, and materials are
posted directly to unrestricted-use stock in the receiving plant.

You can use the one-step procedure only if you use SD.

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6-11



SAP AG 1999

Material

“New wine”

“Old wine”

Material

1994

1996

Material to Material

A transfer posting from material to material requires that both materials are managed in the same
unit of measure.

A transfer posting from material to material may be necessary when a material changes over time,
for example. It may then no longer have the characteristics defined in the material master record, but
those of another material master number. This is often the case in the chemical and pharmaceuticals
industry.

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6-12



SAP AG 1999

Withdrawals

Scrapping/inspection sample

Blocked

stock

Stock in

Receipts

Unrestricted-use

stock

Stock Types: Goods Movements

At goods receipt, you choose the stock type into which you post the goods.

You can post withdrawals for consumption only from unrestricted-use stock.

TSCM52

6-13



SAP AG 1999

Stock in

Blocked

stock

Unrestricted-use

stock

Consignment

stock

Stock Types: Transfer Postings

If the usability of a material changes, you can transfer the material between the different stock types.

TSCM52

6-14



SAP AG 1999

Explain the difference between physical and
logical transfers

Identify different ways to post inventory transfers
using one- and two-step movement types between
companies, plants, and storage locations

Post a stock transfer between plants and storage
locations and display the stock overview

You are now able to:

Stock Transfers/Transfer Postings: Unit Summary

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6-15

Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings

Exercises

Unit: Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings
Topic: Transfer Postings

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Explain the difference between stock transfers and transfer

postings

• Identify different ways to post inventory transfers using one-

and two-step procedures between companies, plants, and
storage locations

• Post a stock transfer between plants and storage locations and

display the stock overview

• Post logical movements of stock, such as stock in quality

inspection to unrestricted-use stock

In your company, you process transfer postings between plants
using a two-step procedure because the plants are located in
different towns. However, within the plant you use a one-step
procedure to transfer materials because the storage locations are
located in the same building.

As a storeperson, carry out the following activities with the user menu.

1-1

Extend material master record T-RN2## to include plant 1100. Enter the data for
the Purchasing and Accounting 1 views using plant 1000 as a reference. Use the
SAP menu.

(Create Material – General: Initial Screen)

Field Value

Material number

T-RN2##

Industry sector

Mechanical engineering

Material type

Raw material

Copy from… Material

T-RN2##

(Select view(s))

Purchasing

Accounting 1

TSCM52

6-16

(Organizational levels)

Organizational levels

Copy from…

Plant 1100

1000

1-2

Display the stock overview for material T-RN2## in plant 1000 and plant 1100.
Update the current stock situation on the worksheet at the end of this exercise.

Tip!
You need to use the stock overview in the following
exercises. You should therefore work with two sessions. In
one session, keep the stock overview open. After each
exercise, you then only have to refresh the overview instead
of calling it up again.

1-3

Post an initial stock entry for material T-RN2## into unrestricted-use stock to the
storage locations 0001 in plants 1000 and 1100.
Use the correct quantity of receipts to end up with 500 pieces in plant 1000 and
plant 1100 in storage location 0001.

The initial stock entry is an ‘other’ goods receipt. To post the
initial stock entry, you can use the EnjoySAP transaction
MIGO or the old transaction MB1C.

Movement type _______________________________________________

Material document number

_______________________________________________

Update the stock situation on your worksheet.

1-4 In

plant

1100, storage locations 0001 and 0002 are located in the same building.

Therefore, you post stock transfers within plant 1100 using the one-step procedure.

Transfer 20 pieces of material T-RN2## from storage location 0001 to storage
location 0002.
Movement type _______________________________________________

Material document number

_______________________________________________

Update the stock situation on your worksheet.

TSCM52

6-17

1-5

Due to the shipment duration, you enter stock transfers between plant 1000 and
plant 1100 using the two-step procedure. Transfer 20 pieces of material T-RN2##
from plant 1100 to plant 1000.

Enter the removal from plant 1100, storage location 0001.
Movement type _______________________________________________
Material document number

_______________________________________________

Update the stock situation on your worksheet.

1-6 Material

T-RN2## has now arrived at plant 1000. Enter the receipt of 10 pieces in

storage location 0001 and 10 pieces in storage location 0002. Update the stock
situation on your worksheet.
Movement type _______________________________________________

Material document number

_______________________________________________

1-7

In Unit 1, you posted a goods receipt into blocked stock. The remaining pieces of
material T-RN2## are deemed acceptable. Transfer this material from blocked
stock into unrestricted-use stock in plant 1000, storage location 0001. Then update
the stock situation on your worksheet.
Movement type _______________________________________________

Material document number

_______________________________________________

1-8

Display all inventory transactions posted today for material T-RN2##. Why are
some documents listed twice?
____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

TSCM52

6-18

1-9

Display the total value of material T-RN2## at plant level and storage location
level by running the

Warehouse Stock Report

, which can be found by choosing

Environment

→

Stock

→ Warehouse Stock

in Inventory Management. Complete

the information in the table.

Plant Material

T-RN2##

Quantity Value

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use stock
storage location 0001

Unrestricted-use

stock

storage location 0002

Plant 1100

Unrestricted-use stock
storage location 0001

Unrestricted-use

stock

storage location 0002

TSCM52

6-19

Worksheet: Stock Transfers – Exercise 1-1

Material T-RN2##

Plant 1000
Unrestricted-use
stock

Plant 1100
Unrestricted-use
stock

Stock in transfer
plant 1000

Blocked
Plant
1000

Storage
location
0001

Storage
location
0002

Storage
location
0001

Storage
location
0002

1-2

1-3

1-4

1-5

1-6

1-7

TSCM52

6-20

Exercises

Unit: Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings
Topic: Material to Material Transfer

Optional exercise*
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Post a material to material transfer

You have materials that change over time and lose the properties
of the original material. This happens with chemicals you have in
the warehouse. You use a material to material transfer to take a
quantity of one material, and transfer it to another material.

Use the role SAP_MM_GR_CLERK to carry out the activities in this exercise.

2-1

Display the stock overview for T-RN7## and T-RN8-## in plant 1000 and write
down the current stock situation.

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use stock

T-RN7##

T-RN8##

2-2

Display the material master views Basic Data 1 and Accounting 1 for
T-RN7## and T-RN8-##. Answer the following questions by filling in the table.
2-2-1 What is the base unit of measure for each material?

What is the standard price or moving average price for each material?

Plant 1000

Base unit of measure Price

T-RN7##

T-RN8##

TSCM52

6-21

2-3

T-RN7## no longer has the characteristics associated with this material master
record. Perform a material to material transfer and post a quantity of 100 pieces
from T-RN7## to T-RN8##. The plant and storage location do not change in this
transfer posting.
Movement type _______________________________________________

Material document number

_______________________________________________

2-4

Display the stock overview for T-RN7## and T-RN8-## in plant 1000 and write
down the current stock situation.

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use stock

T-RN7##

T-RN8##

2-5

Display the material document. Is there an accounting document for this
transaction?

____________________________________________________________

TSCM52

6-22

Exercises

Unit: Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings
Topic: Stock Transport Orders with MM

Optional exercise*
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Explain how to post inventory transfers using a stock transfer

order

• Transfer a material to another plant using a stock transfer

order

In your company, you transfer material between plants using
stock transfer orders. This allows you to move stock between
plants and see the effects the purchase order has on material
availability on the stock/requirements list. This also allows you to
add pricing conditions to the purchase order.

Use the SAP menu for the activities in this exercise.

3-1

Display the stock overview for material T-RN2## and write down the current stock
situation in plant 1000 and plant 1100 for the following stock types.

Material T-
RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock in
transfer

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Plant 1100

TSCM52

6-23

3-2

You need to transfer material T-RN2## to plant 1100. Process this stock transfer by
creating a stock transfer order with the following information.

Order type:

Stock transport order

Supplying plant:

1000

Purchasing org.:

1000

Purchasing group:

0##

Company code:

1000

Item category:

Material:

T-RN2##

Quantity:

40 pieces

Delivery date:

Today’s date + 1 week

Receiving plant:

1100

Storage location:

Purchase order number ______________________________________________

3-3

Display the stock overview for material T-RN2## and write down the change in the
stock situation in plant 1000 and plant 1100.

Material T-
RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock in
transfer

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Plant 1100

TSCM52

6-24

3-4 Display

the

stock/requirements list for plant 1000 and plant 1100 and analyze how

the purchase order affects the stock situation in each plant. Which MRP element is
used for the stock transfer order? What is the received quantity/required quantity?
Answer these questions by filling in the table below.

Material T-
RN2##

MRP element
for the stock
transfer order

Received/reqd
qty

Supplying/receiving
plant

Plant 1000

Plant 1100

3-5

Process this stock transfer by entering the transfer posting for stock in transit. The
material is withdrawn from storage location 0001 in plant 1000.
What menu path do you use?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Movement type _______________________________________________

Material document number ________________________________________

3-6

Display the material document and the accounting document.

3-7

Display the stock overview and write down the changes in the stock situation.

Material T-
RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock in
transfer

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Plant 1100

3-8

Enter the goods receipt for the purchase order in plant 1100 using movement type
101.

Material document number ________________________________________

TSCM52

6-25

3-9

Display the stock overview and note the change in the stock quantity in plant 1100.

Material
T-RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock in
transfer

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Plant 1100

TSCM52

6-26

Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings

Solutions

Unit: Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings
Topic: Transfer Postings

1-1 Logistics

→ Materials Management → Material Master → Material → Create

(special)

→ Raw material

Enter material T-RN2## and copy it.
Don’t forget to enter plant 1000 as the organizational level
for the reference document, as you otherwise cannot copy
plant-specific data.

1-2

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

1-3

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Receipt → Other

(MIGO)

Choose 'Goods issue - Other'
To enter the initial stock balance, enter the material data, quantity, plant data, and
storage location data. Enter

561

as the movement type.

Alternatively, you can enter the initial stock balance using the old transaction.

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Receipt → Other

On the initial screen, enter movement type 561 and choose ENTER. Then enter the
detailed data and post the initial stock entry.

1-4

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Transfer Posting,

then choose

Movement type

→ Transfer posting → Stor. loc. to stor. loc → Unrestr. to

unrestr.

Movement type: 311

1-5

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Transfer Posting

, then choose

Movement type

→ Transfer posting → Plant to plant → Rem. fm. stor. to plant

Movement type: 303

1-6

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Transfer Posting

, then choose

Movement type

→ Transfer posting → Plant to plant → Pl. in. stor. in plant

Movement type: 305

TSCM52

6-27

1-7

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Transfer Posting

. Then you

choose

Movement type

→ Transfer posting → Stock to stock → Blocked to

unrestr.

Movement type: 343

1-8

Inventory Management

→ Environment → List Displays → Material

Document

Use material T-RN2## to select the material document and choose today’s date as
the posting date.
Some material documents are listed more than once because the transaction
involves more than one storage location or plant.

1-9

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Warehouse Stock

Plant Material

T-RN2## Quantity

Value

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use stock
storage location 0001

520 156000

Unrestricted-use

stock

storage location 0002

380 114000

Plant 1100

Unrestricted-use stock
storage location 0001

460 138000

Unrestricted-use

stock

storage location 0002

20 6000

TSCM52

6-28

Worksheet: Stock Transfers – Exercise 1-1

The values you obtained in exercise 1-2 may not match those
in the solutions because some of the previous exercises were
optional.

Material T-RN2##

Plant 1000
Unrestricted-use
stock

Plant 1100
Unrestricted-use
stock

Stock in transfer
plant 1000

Blocked
Plant
1000

Storage
location
0001

Storage
location
0002

Storage
location
0001

Storage
location
0002

1-2

0 10

370

1-3

0 10

500

370

500

1-4

10 500 370 480 20

1-5

10 500 370 460 20

1-6

10 510 380 460 20

1-7

0 0

520

380

460

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6-29

Solutions

Unit: Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings
Topic: Material to Material Transfer

2-1

Display the stock overview for T-RN7## and T-RN8-## in plant 1000 and write
down the current stock situation.

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use stock

T-RN7## 100

T-RN8## 250

2-2

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Material Master → Material → Display

→ Display current

2-2-1

Plant 1000

Base unit of measure Price

T-RN7##

MAP 2.20

T-RN8##

S 2.00

2-3

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Transfer Posting

, then choose

Movement Type

→ Transfer Posting → Material to material

Movement type: 309

2-4

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Plant 1000

Unrestricted-use stock

T-RN7## 0

T-RN8## 350

2-5

Inventory Management

→ Material Document → Display

Yes

TSCM52

6-30

Solutions

Unit: Stock Transfers and Transfer Postings
Topic: Stock Transport Orders with MM

3-1

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Material T-
RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock in
transfer

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Various
answers
possible

100

Plant 1100

Various
answers
possible

3-2

3-2-1

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase

order

→ Create → Vendor/supplying plant known

Then choose ‘stock transport order’ as the order type.

3-3 Inventory

Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Material T-
RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock in
transfer

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Various
answers
possible

100

Plant 1100

Various
answers
possible

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3-4

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Current Stock/Reqmt

List

Material T-
RN2##

MRP element
for the stock
transfer order

Received/reqd
qty

Supplying/receiving
plant

Plant 1000

BS-ABR

−

1100 (supplying
plant)

Plant 1100

BS-EIN

1000 (receiving plant)

3-5

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO);

transaction 'goods issue', reference document 'purchase order'
Enter the purchase order number from part 3-2 or search for it via the material and
supplying plant. Enter the storage location and post the goods issue.
Movement type: 351

3-6

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO);

transaction 'Display', reference document 'material document'; double-click the
last material document from the document overview.

3-7 Inventory

Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Material T-
RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock
transport
order

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Various
answers
possible

100

Plant 1100

Various
answers
possible

3-8

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement→ Goods Receipt → For

Purchase Order

→ Goods Receipt for Purchase Order (MIGO

)

transaction ‘goods receipt’, reference document ‘purchase order’

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3-9

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Material
T-RN2##

Unrestricted-
use storage
location 0001

Open
purchase
order
quantity

Stock
transport
order

Stock in
transit

Plant 1000

Various
answers
possible

100

Plant 1100

Various
answers
possible

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SAP AG 2002

Inventory Management: Overview Diagram

Goods Receipts

Reservations and Goods Issues

Stock Transfers / Transfer Postings

Special Inventory Management Features

Appendix: Pipeline Processing

Consignment

001

0001

0002

B BC

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SAP AG 1999

Outline the procurement process for a split value
material

Outline the functions of returnable transport
packaging

Explain what a handling unit is

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Special Inventory Mgmt Features: Objectives

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SAP AG 1999

In your company you have a raw material that is
available as a domestic product and an imported
product. The imported product costs more than the
domestic product. You have established two
different valuation types with a different price for
each type. Analyze the impact of purchasing each
type by looking at the material master and the
stock overview.

For some materials, such as office supplies, you
want to track the quantity in the stock overview,
but it is not necessary to track the value of these
materials. Therefore these materials are assigned
to the non-valuated material type in the material
master.

Business Scenario

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SAP AG 1999

According to

procurement type

According to

country of origin

According to

quality

Valuation cat.

Valuation type

Internal

External

Italy

Switz.

Split Valuation

The valuation category indicates whether the material’s stock is to be valuated as one unit or in parts.
The valuation category is also a key that indicates the criteria for defining partial stock, and it
determines which valuation types are allowed.

The valuation type is a key that identifies split-valuated stocks of material and indicates the
characteristics of a partial stock.

You enter the valuation category in the material master.

If you enter a goods movement using an “old transaction”, you have to specify the valuation type in
the Batch field.

As of Release 4.5A, you can enter a valuation type directly in the item table within stock
determination, enabling you to more conveniently determine stocks for withdrawal for split-value
materials.

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SAP AG 1999

The Split Valuation Procedure

Plant

Plant 0001 / Material 1

SLoc

Valuation

(valuation area 0001)

Valuation category O (origin)
Quantity

100 pieces

Moving ave. price

5.20 UNI

Valuation cat.

Italy

Qty

MAP

4.00

Valuation cat.

France

Qty

Std price 6.00

Stor. loc. 0002

Quantity 70

Italy

Quantity 30

France

Quantity 40

Stor. loc. 0001

Quantity 30

Italy

Quantity 10

France

Quantity 20

The stocks and stock values of split-value materials are cumulated at valuation area level. Moving
average price control is required for material at valuation area level, because the moving average
price is used for the entire valuation area.

The system also creates a valuation record containing specific valuation data for each valuation
category used.

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SAP AG 1999

Valuation category

Valuation type

Origin

0001

Procur.

Quality

USA

Italy

Internal

External

New

Defective

0002

0003

Local

Global

Valuation area

Split Valuation

If the split valuation function is active, you can valuate partial stocks of a material separately. If you
want to use split valuation for a material, you enter a valuation category in the accounting data for
the material. This defines the valuation types that can be specified. A valuation type denotes one of
the possible partial stocks within a certain valuation type. You can define default valuation types for
a valuation category. These then influence the user’s input with regard to the valuation type to be
entered in a purchase order.

When you set up the valuation categories and valuation types, they are initially defined on a global
basis – that is, independent of the valuation area.

After that, you have to assign the permissible valuation categories to the valuation areas. As a result,
the category-specific data (in particular, the valuation categories assigned to this category) is then
valid locally.

You can change the characteristics of valuation categories and types locally.

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SAP AG 1999

External purchase orders allowed?
Internal purchase orders allowed?
Account category reference

(Mandatory) suggested type in case
of internal/external procurement
Indicator “Create valuation
type automatically”

Assignment of categories to
organizational units
Change types/categories locally

Define global types

Define global categories

Define local definitions

Settings for Split Valuation

You define an account category reference for a valuation type. When a master record is created for
this valuation type, you can choose one of the valuation classes that are allowed for this account
category reference.
The R/3 System carries out account determination for movement type transactions relevant for
financial Accounting using the valuation class in this valuation type record and not using that of the
material.

If a valuation type specifies that the R/3 System creates valuation types (records), the system
automatically creates a valuation record for each batch. A valuation category of this type only makes
sense for materials subject to batch management.

When you assign a valuation category to an organizational unit, the R/3 System automatically
assigns all valuation types that are globally active for the valuation category to this organizational
unit.

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SAP AG 1999

Mat

Vendor A

Us/customer

MATERIAL STOCKS

SPECIAL STOCK RTP

PALLETS DEL. C

PALLETS DEL. B

PALLETS DEL. A

Returnable Transport Packaging

Returnable transport packaging (for example, pallets and containers) is a medium for multiple
transports of ordered materials between vendors and customers.

Returnable transport packaging belonging to the vendor and situated in the storage area is managed
as special stock and clearly allocated to the relevant vendor. Because this packaging belongs to the
vendor, it is not included in the valuated stock.

In addition to material master data, special stock data is necessary to keep returnable transport
packaging belonging to different vendors separate.

This special stock data is defined at storage location level for each vendor.

The R/3 System creates special stock data the first time you receive returnable transport packaging
stocks. The data cannot be maintained manually, but is automatically updated with every goods
movement or inventory.

Returnable transport packaging can only be allocated to “unrestricted use” stock. You cannot take
samples for quality inspections or create blocked stocks. Depending on how your R/3 System is
configured, you can have negative stocks.

You can enter “other” goods receipts into returnable transport packaging stock, enter the quantity of
returnable transport packaging when entering a goods receipt with reference to a purchase order, and
carry out a transfer posting from one storage location to another (always with reversal and return).

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SAP AG 1999

Handling Units

Handling unit 1234

Packing

Keyboard 03

PC 01

Monitor 02

Mouse 04

Disks 05

A handling unit (= package) is the physical combination of materials and consists of:

Packing materials (for example, pallet, box, shrink film, container)

Goods (that are shipped, stored, consumed, and so forth)

A handling unit has a unique identification number, via which you can read all information about the
handling unit.

Handling units can also be nested, with the result that several identification numbers are managed
within the superordinate handling unit.

Handling units are used throughout the logistics process - in Inventory Management, Production,
Quality Management, Warehouse Management, and SD.

Note: Handling units are dealt with in more detail in the course Lo610 Shipping.

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SAP AG 1999

Example: Goods Rcpt Process with Handling Units

Inbound
shipment

Inbound delivery/
shipping notification
with HU no.

Transfer
order/Plcmt
in storage

HU no. 69179

HU no. 69180

Goods receipt
posting

HU no. 69179

HU no. 69180

HU no. 69181

If a goods receipt is to be posted to a storage location that is managed in handling units, you have to
create an inbound delivery.

Within the inbound delivery, you can now create new handling units or copy existing ones.

The handling units must exist before you create the transfer order for placement into storage.

When the transfer order is confirmed, you can post the goods receipt for the inbound delivery using
the relevant handling units.

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SAP AG 1999

Checklist for Handling Units (1)

You must maintain the following customizing settings:

In the IMG: Logistics - General -> Handling Unit Management

- Basic functions

• Basic technical functions

- Define number ranges for handling units

• Define packaging material types

• Materials Management

- HU requirement for storage locations

You must make certain settings in customizing in order to be able to use Handling Unit
Management.

The most important settings are as follows:

You must define at least one internal number range for handling units, as the system assigns an
internal number when a handling unit is created. (Standard system: number range interval 01).

You must define packaging material types, since handling units consist of packaging material and,
for example, trading goods. The packaging material type determines, for example, from which plant
the packaging material comes and which number range interval should be used for number
assignment.

You must decide which storage locations are to be managed using handling units. You can only set
a handling unit requirement for storage locations for which no stock has been entered.

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SAP AG 1999

Checklist for Handling Units (2)

• Delivery

- Packing control by item category

- Define sequence transfer order - goods receipt

- External Identification

• Define unique number assignment for handling unit

identification

• Maintain number ranges for handling unit identification

The packing control for the delivery item categories must permit packing, otherwise handling
units cannot be created.

You can determine whether the goods receipt for the inbound delivery can already be booked before
the transfer order is created. This decision will depend on the warehouse number and the delivery
item category.

You must set the unique number assignment for handling unit identification to ensure that the
handling units can be displayed, for example.

You can maintain number ranges for internal and external number assignment for handling units;
these are then assigned to the packaging material types.

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

SAP AG 1999

Outline the procurement process for a split value
material

Outline the functions of returnable transport
packaging

Explain what a handling unit is

You are now able to:

Special Features: Unit Summary

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Special Inventory Management Features

Exercises

Unit: Special Inventory Management Features
Topic: Split Valuation

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
•  Explain valuation categories and valuation types
•  Explain the structure of the material master record
•  Display the stock overview for a material subject to split

valuation

• Outline the procurement process for a material subject to split

valuation

In your company, you have a raw material that is available as a
domestic product and as an imported product. The imported
product costs more than the domestic product. You have
established two different valuation types with a different price for
each type. Analyze the impact of purchasing each type by looking
at the material master record and the stock overview.

Carry out the activities in this exercise with the user menu.

1-1 Material

T-RN9## is subject to split valuation with a foreign valuation type and a

domestic valuation type. Display the Accounting 1 view for plant 1000 for each
valuation type.

Answer the following questions by filling in the table on the next page.
1-1-1 What is the valuation category called?
1-1-2 What is the total stock quantity and the total stock quantity for this material,

including all valuation types?

1-1-3 What price and price control is defined for each valuation type?

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1-1-4 What is the total value and quantity for each valuation type?

Material
T-RN9##
subject to split
valuation

Valuation
category

Valuation
class

Price
control

Price Total

qty

Total
value

Valuation area/
plant 1000

Valuation type
Domestic

Valuation type
Foreign

1-2

Display purchase order 415106-##. What is the valuation type called?
____________________________________________________________

1-3

The goods receipt has been entered for purchase order 415106-##. Enter the goods
receipt for 200 pieces in plant 1000, storage location 0001. Which tab in the item
details contains the valuation type?

___________________________________________________________

Material document number _____________________________________

1-4

Display the stock overview for material T-RN9## in plant 1000 and write down the
current stock situation.

Material T-RN9##
subject to split valuation

Quantity

Plant 1000 (total)

Foreign

Domestic

1-5 Cost

center

T-L## informs you that it requires 10 pieces of material T-RN9##.

Enter a goods issue for the cost center and choose valuation type Foreign
(Ausland).

Material document number _____________________________________

1-6

Display the material document and the accounting document for the goods issue.
What value was used for the debit and credit postings?
___________________________________________________________

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1-7 Display

the

Accounting 1 view in the material master for each valuation type. Write

down the price for each valuation type. How have the prices changed in comparison
to part 1-1 of this exercise?

Material T-RN9##
subject to split
valuation

Price
control

Price Total

qty

Total
value

Valuation area/ plant
1000

Valuation type
Domestic

Valuation type
Foreign

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Unit: Special Inventory Management Features
Topic: Split Valuation

Optional exercise*
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Create a material subject to split valuation

In your company, you need to create a raw material that is
available as a domestic product and an imported product. The
imported product costs more than the domestic product. You
create two valuation types and use a different price for each type.

Use the SAP menu for the activities in this exercise.

2-1 Create

raw

material

T-RNA## in plant 1000 using industry sector Mechanical

engineering. Select the Basic Data 1, Purchasing, and Accounting 1 views.
Enter the following data on the Basic Data 1, Purchasing, and Accounting 1 views.
(Basic Data 1 View)

Field Value

Material description

Wire harness

Base unit of measure

Material group

001

(Purchasing View)

Field Value

Purchasing group

0##

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7-19

(Accounting 1 View)

Field Value

Valuation category

Valuation class

3000

Price control

Price

Choose ENTER to confirm any warning messages that the system issues about the
moving average price.

2-2

Create the accounting views for each valuation type by going back to the Create
Material screen and re-entering the same material number. Choose the Accounting
1 view. When the Organizational Levels dialog box appears, enter plant 1000 and
valuation type Domestic (Inland). Use valuation class 3000, choose either V or S
for price control, enter a price of 10.00 and save your work.

Repeat step 2-2 for valuation type Foreign (Ausland). Choose valuation class 3001
and enter 15.00 as the price.

2-3

Create a purchase order containing one item, for the Foreign (Ausland) valuation
type. Use vendor T-K10B##, purchasing organization for IDES Deutschland,
purchasing group 0##, and plant 1000. Enter a quantity, a delivery date, and a price.

Purchase order number ________________________________________

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Unit: Special Inventory Management Features
Topic: Handling Units

Optional exercise*
At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
• Enter a goods receipt into a storage location that uses handling

units

• Issue goods managed in handling units to a cost center

Your vendor informs you of the goods you have ordered via an
inbound delivery document and sends you the packing
information at the same time. When you enter the goods receipt
you have to enter only the handling unit.

3-1 A

purchase

order

415109-## has been created for the material T-RND##. Display

this purchase order and answer the following questions.
3-1-1 For which plant and which storage location is the material being procured?

____________________________________________________

3-1-2 What confirmation control key is specified in the item for material

T-RND##?

Where do you find the control key?

______________________________________________________

Confirmation control key?

______________________________________________________

3-2 The

vendor

T-K10C## informs you that you will soon receive the delivery for

purchase order 415109-##. He or she also tells you that there are 10 pieces of
T-RND## per box T-ZU2##.
Create an inbound delivery for purchase order 415109-##. Enter the type of
packaging.
Menu path: Create a delivery for a purchase order

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order→

Inbound Delivery

→ Create

To pack the 100 pieces of material T-RND##, choose [

Pack

]

in the inbound delivery. Enter the box T-ZU2## as the
packaging material. In the line for material T-RND##, enter
the partial quantity 10.

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Then select the packaging material and the material and
choose [

New HU for partial quantity of material

Save the inbound delivery.

Number of inbound delivery ______________________________________

3-3

The delivery arrives for the 100 pieces of material T-RND##. Enter the goods
receipt for the inbound delivery.

The easiest way to enter the goods receipt is by changing the
inbound delivery from part 4-2.
Choose [Place in storage] and enter the delivery quantity of
100 pieces. Then choose [

Post goods receipt

To check that the goods receipt has been posted, display the document flow for the
inbound delivery and the material document that has been created.
Material document number _________________________________________

3-4

To monitor the handling units, call up the handling unit monitor by choosing

Logistics

→ Central Functions → Handling Unit Management

Display a list of all handling units for your user Lo510-##.

3-5 Cost

center

T-L## now needs 20 pieces of material T-RND##. Issue the material

from the storage location that uses handing units HUMM, plant 1000.

Remember that you have put 10 pieces of the material in one
handling unit (HU).
You can post the goods issue from Handling Unit
Management.

HU Management

→ Goods Movements of HUs → Post

Goods Movements – General (with HU)

Material document number _________________________________________

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Special Inventory Management Feature

Solutions

Unit: Special Inventory Management Features
Topic: Split Valuation

1-1

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Material Master → Material → Display

→ Display current

Material
T-RN9##
subject to split
valuation

Valuation
category

Valuation
class

Price
control

Price Total

qty

Total
value

Valuation area/
plant 1000

H 3000

2.00

100

200

Valuation type
Domestic

H 3000

2.00

100

200

Valuation type
Foreign

H 3000

2.60

0 0

1-2

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order →

Display

Choose [Other purchase order], enter the purchase order number, and choose
[Other document].
The valuation type is contained in the [Delivery] tab of the item details.
Valuation type: Foreign

1-3

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement→ Goods Receipt → For

Purchase Order

→ Goods Receipt for Purchase Order (MIGO

)

Then choose ‘goods receipt’ for purchase order
Detail tab title: material

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1-4

Inventory Management

→ Environment → Stock → Stock Overview

Material T-RN9##
subject to split valuation

Quantity

Plant 1000

300

Foreign

200

Domestic

100

1-5

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement→ Goods Issue (MIGO)

then

'Goods issue – Other'
Movement type: 201

1-6

Inventory Management

→ Goods Movement → Goods Issue (MIGO),

then

'Display – Material document';
In the [Document info] tab of the header data, choose [FI documents].
Value for the postings:

26.00

1-7

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Material Master → Material → Display

→ Display current

Material T-RN9##
subject to split
valuation

Price
control

Price Total

qty

Total
value

Valuation area/ plant
1000

V 2.39 290 694

Domestic V

2.00

100

200

Foreign S

2.60

190

494

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Unit: Special Inventory Management Features
Topic: Split Valuation

2-1

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Material Master → Material → Create

(special)

→ Raw material

2-2

You create the accounting views for each valuation type by going back to the
‘Create Material’ screen and re-entering the same material number. You enter the
plant and the respective valuation type in the ‘Organizational Levels’ dialog box.

2-3

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase order →

Create

→ Vendor/supplying plant known

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Unit: Special Inventory Management Features
Topic: Handling Units

3-1

Logistics

→ Materials Management→ Purchasing → Purchase Order→

Display

Choose [Other purchase order], enter the purchase order number, and choose
[Other document].
3-1-1 The material is being procured for plant 1000, storage location HUMM

(storage location subject to handling unit management without WM).

3-1-2 The confirmation control key is entered in the [Confirmations] tab on the

item detail screen. The control key ANLI is specified for this item.

3-2

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order→

Inbound Delivery

→ Create

Enter the purchase order number and choose ENTER.
To pack the materials, choose

[Pack].

Enter the packing material and the partial

quantity that is to be packed in each box. The partial quantity is specified in the line
for the material that is to be packed.
Then select the packaging material and the material and choose

[New HU for

partial quantity of material]

Save the inbound delivery.

3-3

Logistics

→ Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order→

Inbound Delivery

→ Change

(

→

ENTER)

Enter the quantity delivered and post the goods receipt by choosing [Post goods
receipt].
Once you have posted the goods receipt, ‘Change inbound delivery’ appears on the
initial screen. From there, you can display the document flow for your inbound
delivery by choosing [Document flow].
Select the material document in the list and choose [Display document].

3-4

Logistics

→ Central Functions → Handling Unit Management

→ Handling

Unit Monitor

To select via your user Lo510-## all handling units that you have created, choose
[User].

3-5

Logistics

→ Central Functions → Handling Unit Management

→ Goods

Movements of HUs

→ Post Goods Movements – General (with HU)

Choose 'Consumption for cost center from storage', enter the cost center and one of
your handling units. Repeat the procedure for a second handling unit.