1
Instrumenty pozataryfowe
Jan Michałek
Instrumenty pozataryfowe
• Cła w niedoskonałej konkurencji
• Ograniczenia ilościowe;
• Subwencje produkcyjne;
• Subwencje eksportowe
• dumping
JJ Michalek
Cło w warunkach krajowego
monopolu
0
D
MR
MC
P
P
M
P
P
K
f
K
t
Q
t
Q
M
Q
p
Q
f
Q
P
W
P
W(1+t)
JJ Michalek
2
Kwota importowa w warunkach
doskonałej konkurencji
Import w warunkach wolnego handlu
q
import
q
P
A
p
t
d
c
b
a
0
q
4
q
3
q
2
q
1
P
W+t
P
W
S
D
JJ Michalek
Porównanie ceł i subwencji
produkcyjnych: równowaga cząstkowa
s
t
D
S
0
d
c
b
a
P
w+t
P
w
P
Q
q
4
q
2
q
3
q
1
S
+s
s
q
3
q
2
q
1
0
b
a
Q
P
S
D
P
w
P
w+s
JJ Michalek
Subsydia eksportowe w kraju
dużym: równowaga cząstkowa
s
P
A
D
S
q
4
q
3
q
2
q
1
0
P
W
P
*
S
P
S
P
Q
g
e
d
c
f
s
a b
JJ Michalek
3
Cła importowe i subsydia
eksportowe w kraju dużym
s
D
S
P
t
P
W
P
A
P
S
K
I J
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
Q
P
A
0
q
4
q
5
q
6
q
2
q
3
q
1
JJ Michalek
Dumping: analiza klasyczna
G
F
E
D
P
A
q
2
A
B
C
P
P
H
P
W
0
q
1
q
A
q
3
q
MR
H
D
H
MR
W
=D
W
MC
JJ Michalek
AD Initiations: By Reporting country
JJ Michalek
Reporting Membe
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002 1st Half 20 Totals:
Argentina
27
22
14
8
24
45
26
14
0
180
Australia
5
17
42
13
24
15
23
16
1
156
Brazil
5
18
11
18
16
11
17
9
2
107
Bulgaria
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Canada
11
5
14
8
18
21
25
5
6
113
Chile
4
3
0
2
0
5
0
0
0
14
China, P.R.
NA
NA
NA
NA
0
6
14
30
11
61
Chinese Taipei
NA
NA
NA
NA
0
3
3
0
2
8
Colombia
4
1
1
6
2
3
6
0
0
23
Costa Rica
0
4
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
6
Czech Republic
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
3
Ecuador
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
Egypt
0
0
7
14
5
1
7
3
1
38
European Comm
33
25
41
22
65
32
29
20
3
270
Guatemala
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
India
6
21
13
27
65
41
79
80
12
344
Indonesia
0
11
5
8
8
3
4
4
6
49
Israel
5
6
3
7
0
1
4
0
0
26
Jamaica
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
3
Japan
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
Korea, Rep. of
4
13
15
3
6
2
4
9
3
59
Latvia
NA
NA
NA
0
0
0
1
6
0
7
Lithuania
0
0
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
7
Malaysia
3
2
8
1
2
0
1
5
0
22
Mexico
4
4
6
12
11
7
5
10
6
65
New Zealand
10
4
5
1
4
10
1
2
2
39
Nicaragua
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
Panama
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
Paraguay
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
Peru
2
7
2
3
8
1
8
12
2
45
Philippines
1
1
2
3
6
2
0
1
1
17
Poland
0
0
1
0
7
0
0
3
0
11
Slovenia
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
South Africa
16
33
23
41
16
21
6
4
2
162
Thailand
0
1
3
0
0
0
3
21
0
28
Trinidad and Toba
0
1
0
4
3
1
1
0
2
12
Turkey
0
0
4
1
8
7
15
17
1
53
United States
14
22
15
36
47
47
76
35
16
308
Uruguay
0
0
1
0
0
1
4
0
0
6
Venezuela
3
2
6
10
7
1
1
1
0
31
Totals for 01/01/9
157
224
243
256
356
294
366
309
79
2284
4
AD Initiations: By Exporting Country (over 10 cases)
JJ Michalek
Exporting Count
199
5
199
6
199
7
199
8
199
9
200
0
200
1
200
2
1s
t H
al
f 20
03
Tot
al
s:
Argentina
1
0
0
1
4
2
5
2
1
16
Australia
1
0
1
2
3
4
1
3
1
16
Austria
0
2
3
0
3
3
0
1
0
12
Belgium
1
2
3
3
1
0
5
1
2
18
Brazil
8
10
5
6
13
9
13
4
2
70
Bulgaria
0
3
2
1
1
1
2
0
1
11
Canada
2
1
3
3
0
1
7
5
0
22
Chile
2
2
2
2
1
6
4
4
0
23
China, P.R.
20
43
33
28
41
43
53
51
12
324
Chinese Taipei
4
9
16
10
22
16
19
16
5
117
Czech Republic
1
1
0
2
7
3
2
1
1
18
Egypt
1
2
1
2
0
1
3
0
0
10
European Comm
0
1
2
4
7
9
9
9
2
43
France
0
4
4
10
7
2
3
2
1
33
Germany
7
9
13
8
12
5
9
7
3
73
Hong Kong
1
3
2
3
2
1
3
3
0
18
Hungary
2
0
2
2
4
0
3
1
0
14
India
3
11
8
12
13
10
12
16
6
91
Indonesia
7
7
9
5
20
13
18
12
1
92
Iran
0
1
2
0
2
3
2
2
1
13
Italy
6
5
5
5
2
5
8
3
2
41
Japan
5
6
12
13
22
9
13
13
5
98
Kazakstan
3
1
2
4
0
3
3
6
0
22
Korea, Rep. of
14
11
15
24
34
22
23
23
8
174
Lithuania
0
0
1
0
4
1
1
3
0
10
M alaysia
2
3
5
4
7
9
6
4
2
42
M exico
3
4
2
9
4
1
4
2
2
31
Netherlands
6
1
5
3
2
3
4
1
0
25
Poland
2
3
3
4
3
5
1
4
0
25
Romania
1
2
1
5
4
4
5
8
1
31
Russia
2
7
7
12
17
12
9
18
0
84
Saudi Arabia
0
1
0
3
2
3
1
1
0
11
Singapore
2
0
4
0
5
0
12
9
0
32
Slovak Republic
0
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
0
10
South Africa
2
6
4
5
4
6
10
9
2
48
Spain
2
4
7
7
5
6
4
2
1
38
Sweden
1
2
5
0
1
0
2
1
0
12
Thailand
8
9
5
2
19
13
16
11
3
86
Turkey
2
3
1
2
6
7
5
4
2
32
Ukraine
2
3
4
9
9
7
6
8
0
48
United Kingdom
6
4
6
4
2
9
6
3
0
40
United States
12
21
15
15
14
13
15
12
5
122
Venezuela
0
1
1
4
2
2
4
3
1
18
Totals for 01/01/9
157
224
243
256
356
294
366
309
79
2284