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Zbigniew Hanzelka

Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, 30-019 Kraków, Al. Mickiewicza 30

tel.: (012) 633 28 78; fax: (012) 633 22 84, e-mail: hanzel@uci.agh.edu.pl

Konsultant techniczny Twelve Electric.

Streszczenie

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8760

−

gdzie:

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Dla porównania, analogiczne dane szacowane dla: odbiorców komunalnych – 0,9%, 8,8h; szpitali i lotnisk –

0,99%, 53 min. (wg. EDF/EPRI 2000)

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wysokie

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Z SXQNFLH LFK SU]\áF]HQLD L Z\ZRáXMH ]MDZLVND UH]RQDQVRZH GOD FRUD] QL*V]\FK

F] VWRWOLZRFLZPLDU Z]URVWXPRF\EDWHULL

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elektromagnetyczne, np. SVC.

Ekologia elektromagnetyczna

-DNRüHQHUJLLWRHOHPHQWZL NV]HMFDáRFL±MDNRFL*\FLD

3URPRZDQH V REHFQLH ZV]HONLH SU]HGVL Z]L FLD VáX*FH ]DFKRZDQLX ÄF]\VWRFL´

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ZDUWRFL QLH PQLHMV]HM QL* ZDUWRFL V]F]\WRZHM ]QDPLRQRZHJR QDSL FLD ]DVLODQLD QLH GRW\F]\áR WR

ZV]\VWNLFKXU]G]HHQHUJRHOHNWURQLF]Q\FK>,(((7UDQV,$@

3U]\NáDGRZR VWZLHUG]RQR *H Z URNX Z 1LHPF]HFK DZDULL R FKDUDNWHU]H HOHNWU\F]Q\P E\áR

spowodowanych zaburzeniami elektromagnetycznymi (Knapp, 1994). Wg. [

0lUWHO @ UHGQLH NRV]W\

SU]HUZZ]DVLODQLXZ\QRV]Z1LHPF]HFKRNRáR'0]DN:K5RF]QHNRV]W\]ZL]DQH]SU]HUZDPLZ

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]DVLODMF\FK L UR]G]LHOF]\FK Z RVWDWQLFK ODWDFK Z\QRVLá\ UHGQLR POG '0 URF]QLH SU]\ F]\P ZL NV]Rü

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6]DFXMHVL *HURF]QHVWUDW\IDEU\NVDPRFKRGRZ\FKZ86$VSRZRGRZDQH]DNáyFHQLDPLQDSL FLDVL JDM
mln USD [Douglas 1994].

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Z\ZLHUDüRJURPQ\QHJDW\ZQ\ZSá\ZQDVLHü]DVLODMF

Restrukturyzacja sektora energetycznego wytwarza nowe rynkowe postawy u

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5R]ZyMPHWRGLURGNyZWHFKQLF]Q\FKVáX*F\FKGRSRPLDUXUy*Q\FKQLHNLHG\EDUG]R

]áR*RQ\FK Z VZHM GHILQLFML ZVND(QLNyZ MDNRFL HQHUJLL 7R FR MHV]F]H QLHGDZQR E\áR

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SRPLDURZ\ MHVW SRZV]HFKQLH GRVW SQ\ MHJR FHQD Z FRUD] ZL NV]\P VWRSQLX XOHJD

UHGXNFML FR VSUDZLD *H SUDNW\F]QLH ZV]\VF\ XF]HVWQLF\ U\QNRZHM JU\ PDM PR*OLZRü
kontrolowania warunków zasilania.

-DNRü HQHUJLL WR UyZQLH* RJURPQH SLHQLG]H 3U]\NáDGRZR Z 86$ V]DFXMH VL *H

RNRáR FDáNRZLW\FK NRV]WyZ LQZHVW\F\MQ\FK GRW\F]F\FK FHQWUDOQ\FK LQVWDODFML

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*'=,(-(67(0<'=,"

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systemu wspólnych elektrowni, wspólnych sieci transmisyjnych i rozdzielczych na rzecz

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WUDQVPLVML WUDNWRZDQHM MDNR XVáXJD VWZRU]\áR SUREOHP UHNRQVWUXNFML WDU\I ]D HQHUJL L

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MDNRFLHQHUJLLZNUDMX

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SU]HSLVyZ PL G]\QDURGRZ\FK : SU]\SDGNX LFK ZGUR*HQLD RGELRUFD V]F]HJyOQLH GX*\

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:W\PFHOXRSUDFRZDQHE GRGSRZLHGQLH]DOHFHQLDGRW\F]FH]DZDUWRFLWDNLHJRUDSRUWXNWyUHXF]\QLJR
spójnym z innymi dokumentami Unii [European Commission ...

@5HDNFMQDW SURSR]\FM E\áRSRZRáDQLH

przez UNIPEDE grupy ekspertów DISQUAL, która w swym opracowaniu [Draft report ...] proponuje, aby
UDSRUW WHQ ]DZLHUDá JáyZQLH LQIRUPDFMH R GáXJLFK SU]HUZDFK Z ]DVLODQLX

〉

PLQ XM WH Z SRVWDFL WU]HFK

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RSLVXMF\FKSU]HUZ\Z]DVLODQLX>Dugan 1996].

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stopniu, potrzeb inwestycyjnych w energetyce.

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MDNRFLRZ\FKS

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Z]DNUHVLHFLJáRFLGRVWDZ\HQHUJLLHOHNWU\F]QHM

8ND]DQLH VL Ä5R]SRU]G]HQLD PLQLVWUD JRVSRGDUNL [...] w sprawie [...] standardów

MDNRFLRZ\FK REVáXJL RGELRUFyZ´ SRGOHJDMFHJR REHFQLH PRG\ILNDFML QLH UR]ZL]DáR

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takich informacji.

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WHJZDUDQFMHVWDQRZLüE G]LHSU]HGPLRWQHJRFMDFMLRGELRUF\]GRVWDZFNWyUH]QDMGVZyMILQDáZNRQWUDNFLH

QDGRVWDZ HQHUJLL

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Z]DNUHVLHXSXVWyZLGRSáDW]ZL]DQ\FK]Z\PDJDQLDPLMDNRFLRZ\PLHQHUJLLHOHNWU\F]QHM

Z\SRVD*\ü]DNáDG\HQHUJHW\F]QHLZ\VSHFMDOL]RZDQHILUP\DWDN*HSODFyZNLQDXNRZR

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ELH*FHM NRQWUROL SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK SDUDPHWUyZ RNUHOLü WU\E RGV]NRGRZD RUD] ]DVDG\
rozstrzygania sporów

. Ponadto warto:

•

.RQW\QXRZDü SUDFH ]ZL]DQH ] WHUPLQRORJL Z G]LHG]LQLH MDNRFL HQHUJLL, istnieje

ERZLHP QDGDO GX*D GRZROQRü RNUHOH L QLHZ\VWDUF]DMFD SUHF\]MD Z GHILQLFMDFK

8ND]DQLH VL SROVNLHM QRUP\ WHUPLQRORJLF]QHM ] G]LHG]LQ\ NRPSDW\ELOQRFL

HOHNWURPDJQHW\F]QHM 317 U]HF] R RJURPQ\P ]QDF]HQLX QLH UR]ZL]DáR

RVWDWHF]QLH SUREOHPX =ELyU ]DZDUW\FK Z QLHM SRM ü WUXGQR X]QDü ]D NRPSOHWQ\ L QDGDO
budzi on wiele kontrowersji i wznieca dyskusje (podobnie jak i w innych krajach).

•

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ZV]\VWNLFK SDVWZ HXURSHMVNLFK

=D QLHZ\VWDUF]DMFH PR*QD X]QDü Z\NRQDQH

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punktów pomiarowych. Tylko kompleksowy program, konsekwentnie realizowany,

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SU]HV\áRZ\FK

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:DUWR VNRU]\VWDü Z W\P SU]\SDGNX ] GRZLDGF]H 3RáXGQLRZHM $IU\NL GRNXPHQW 156 L SURJUDP

ESKOM.

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(1)

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LITERATURA

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)XQGXV]:VSyáSUDF\:DUV]DZD

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:URFáDZ

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.RPSDW\ELOQRü HOHNWURPDJQHW\F]QD (0& L MDNRü HQHUJLL

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3R]QD

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SU]\áF]HQLD SRGPLRWyZ GR VLHFL HOHNWURHQHUJHW\F]Q\FK SRNU\ZDQLD NRV]WyZ SU]\áF]HQLD REURWX HQHUJL

HOHNWU\F]Q ZLDGF]HQLD XVáXJ SU]HV\áRZ\FK UXFKX VLHFLRZHJR L HNVSORDWDFML VLHFL RUD] VWDQGDUGyZ

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NDONXODFML WDU\I RUD] ]DVDG UR]OLF]H Z REURFLH HQHUJL HOHNWU\F]Q Z W\P UR]OLF]H ] LQG\ZLGXDOQ\PL
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