Compact guides
Basic figures on the EU
Spring 2012
Eurostat, the statistical office
of the European Union
Eurostat publishes official, harmonised statistics on the European
Union (EU) and the euro area which offer an objective portrayal
of social and economic trends. These statistics are available for
EU Member States, and are sometimes broken down by region.
Furthermore, some of the indicators are published for candidate
countries and other non-member countries.
Eurostat collects data from national statistical institutes;
the statistics are harmonised according to Europe-wide
methodologies. Data are, therefore, genuinely comparable
across the whole of the EU.
Website
Eurostat’s website:
provides free
access to EU statistics, and is also available in German and French.
Statistics Explained is a wiki-based system that presents statistical
topics in an easy to understand way. Together, the articles make up
an encyclopaedia of European statistics and can be accessed at:
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained.
There one
can also access continuously updated virtual publications —
and
Eurostat releases a range of publications, all of
which are free of charge on its website in PDF
format; some of these are also available in German
and French. Among these, the pocketbook –
figures on Europe – 2011 edition
– provides a
comprehensive set of information introducing
readers to most statistical themes that are covered
by Eurostat.
Contact details:
Eurostat
Statistical office of the European Union
5, rue Alphonse Weicker
2721 Luxembourg
LUXEMBOURG
E-mail:
estat-user-support@ec.europa.eu
More information:
ISSN 1831-9556
© European Union 2012
Cover: © Phovoir
KS
-GL
-12-001-EN-
C
General information
Coverage
The tables show information for the EU, the euro area, the EU
Member States and three EFTA countries. The euro area (EA-17) is
composed of: Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain,
France, Italy, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria,
Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland. The EU (EU-27) includes
the EA-17 countries and also: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark,
Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Sweden and the United
Kingdom. The three EFTA countries covered are: Iceland, Norway
and Switzerland.
The information presented in this short guide is generally based
on fixed EU and euro area aggregates for 27 and 17 Member States
respectively – however, the data for inflation is based on moving
aggregates that reflect the membership of the EU and euro area over
time. Quarterly growth rates are expressed in relation to the previous
quarter. Quarterly rates are generally calculated using seasonally
adjusted data, although rates for the public balance, government debt
and long-term unemployment are based on non seasonally adjusted
data. Furthermore, annual rates of change for inflation are also based
on non seasonally adjusted data.
Symbols and abbreviations
: not available
Figures in italics are estimates, provisional or forecasts
Extraction date
Data were extracted on: 31 January 2012
The next edition (extraction planned: 30 April 2012) will be issued in
May 2012.
The most recent data is available at
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/
portal/page/portal/statistics/search_database
Data codes
The Eurostat online data code, which is given at the bottom of each
column of data in the tables and as part of the source for figures,
provides users with a quick and efficient way of accessing the most up-
to-date statistics. When used through the ‘search’ facility of Eurostat’s
website, each data code directs users to the corresponding dataset
offering the freshest data and longer time-series.
on the European
comparable
provides free
There one
Key
Europe 2020 strategy indicators, EU-27
2008 2009 2010 Target
Emplo
ymen
t
Employment rate, aged 20-64
(% of population)
70.3
69.0
68.6
75
- women
62.8
62.3
62.1
- men
77.9
75.8
75.1
R&D
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
1.9
2.0
2.0
3
Clima
te change / ener
gy
Greenhouse gas
emissions (1990=100)
89
83
:
80
Renewables share of final
energy consumption (%)
10.5
11.7
:
20
Energy intensity
(kgoe/(EUR 1 000 of GDP))
167.4 165.2
:
(
1
)
Educa
tion
Early leavers from
education & training (%)
14.9
14.4
14.1
10
- women
12.9
12.5
12.2
- men
16.9
16.3
16.0
Tertiary education
attainment, aged 30-34 (%)
31.1
32.3
33.6
40
- women
34.3
35.7
37.2
- men
28.0
28.9
30.0
Po
ver
ty /
social e
xclusion
People at-risk-of poverty
or exclusion (million)
115.7 113.7 115.5
20
mil.
less
People at-risk-of poverty
or exclusion (%)
23.6
23.1
23.4
- with very low
work intensity (%)
9.0
9.0
9.9
- after social
transfers (%)
16.4
16.3
16.4
- severely materially
deprived (%)
8.4
8.1
8.1
(
1
) Proxy indicator: target is to increase energy efficiency by 20 %.
Source: Eurostat (
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/europe_2020_indicators/headline_indicators
Principal European economic indicators
GDP, quarterly growth rate (%)
-5.0
-2.5
0.0
2.5
Q1-2003
Q1-2005
Q1-2007
Q1-2009
Q1-2011
EU-27
Japan
United States
Source: Eurostat (online data code:
Labour cost index, quarterly growth rate (%)
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Q1-2003
Q1-2005
Q1-2007
Q1-2009
Q1-2011
EU-27
Euro area (EA-17)
Source: Eurostat (online data code:
Trade of goods and services, quarterly growth rate, EU-27 (%)
-10
-5
0
5
10
Q1-2003
Q1-2005
Q1-2007
Q1-2009
Q1-2011
Exports of goods
Imports of goods
Exports of services
Imports of services
Source: Eurostat (online data code:
Inflation, annual rate of change, EU (%)
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
All-items
Energy (
1
)
Housing
Transport
Alcoholic bev. & tobacco
Food & non-alcoholic bev.
Health
Restaurants & hotels
Education
Household equipment
Clothing & footwear
Recreation & culture
Communications
Miscellaneous
Dec. 2010
Dec. 2011 (
2
)
(
1
) Estimate for December 2010. (
2
) Provisional.
Source: Eurostat (online data code:
Inflation, annual rate of change, all-items indices,
December 2011 (%)
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
EU (
1
)
Euro area (
1
)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta (
1
)
Netherlands (
1
)
Austria (
1
)
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom (
2
)
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
(
1
) Provisional. (
2
) November 2011.
Source: Eurostat (online data code:
Compact guides
ISSN 1831-9556
© European Union 2012
Cover: © Phovoir
Basic figures on the EU
Spring 2012
Economy, public finance
GDP in current prices
GDP growth in volume
Public balance
Government debt
(EUR /
inhabitant)
(EUR 1 000
million)
Quarterly growth rate (%)
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
2010
Q1-2011
Q2-2011
Q3-2011
Q2-2011
Q3-2011
Q2-2011
Q3-2011
EU-27
24 400
12 256
0.7
0.2
0.3
-4.3
:
81.7
82.2
Euro area (EA-17)
27 600
9 161
0.8
0.2
0.1
-3.7
:
87.7
87.4
Belgium
32 600
354
0.9
0.4
-0.1
1.4
-9.0
98.0
98.5
Bulgaria
4 800
36
0.5
0.3
0.3
-0.6
0.2
15.2
15.0
Czech Republic
14 200
149
0.6
0.2
-0.1
-0.5
-3.2
39.0
39.8
Denmark
42 500
236
0.0
1.0
-0.5
-2.0
-3.6
46.4
49.3
Germany
30 300
2 477
1.3
0.3
0.5
:
:
82.0
81.8
Estonia
10 700
14
3.0
1.7
1.2
4.5
3.7
6.2
6.1
Ireland
34 900
156
1.8
1.9
1.6
-8.2
-10.6
102.3
104.9
Greece
20 100
227
0.2
:
:
-12.3
-9.4
154.7
159.1
Spain
22 800
1 051
0.4
0.2
0.0
-9.9
-6.1
66.0
66.0
France
29 800
1 933
0.9
-0.1
0.3
:
:
86.0
85.2
Italy
25 700
1 556
0.1
0.3
-0.2
-3.4
-2.7
121.2
119.6
Cyprus
21 600
17
-0.2
0.2
-0.7
-7.0
1.9
67.4
67.5
Latvia
8 000
18
1.2
2.1
1.7
0.9
-0.8
45.1
44.6
Lithuania
8 400
28
2.1
1.8
1.4
-5.1
-1.5
38.1
37.6
Luxembourg
79 500
40
0.2
-0.9
0.6
4.5
-1.8
18.8
18.5
Hungary
9 700
97
0.5
0.2
0.5
-4.2
-5.6
77.7
82.6
Malta
14 800
6
-0.3
0.4
0.3
-6.7
-2.5
71.9
70.3
Netherlands
35 400
588
0.8
0.2
-0.2
-8.5
-5.4
63.8
64.5
Austria
34 100
286
0.9
0.5
0.3
-2.0
-2.9
72.1
71.6
Poland
9 300
354
1.0
1.2
1.0
-6.3
-2.2
55.9
56.3
Portugal
16 200
173
-0.6
-0.2
-0.6
-9.0
-3.8
106.5
110.1
Romania
5 800
124
1.2
0.9
1.8
-4.1
-3.0
34.3
33.3
Slovenia
17 300
35
-0.1
0.0
-0.2
-7.5
-5.0
44.4
44.4
Slovakia
12 100
66
0.8
0.8
0.8
-5.0
-2.5
42.7
42.2
Finland
33 600
180
0.2
0.1
0.9
5.0
-1.4
45.5
47.2
Sweden
37 000
347
0.7
1.0
1.6
4.4
0.5
37.3
37.0
United Kingdom
27 400
1 706
0.4
0.0
0.6
-10.3
-7.5
83.9
85.2
Iceland
29 900
9
2.8
-3.6
4.7
-5.3
-4.4
:
:
Norway
64 500
315
-0.5
0.5
1.4
14.8
14.5
41.8
39.0
Switzerland
51 200
399
0.4
0.5
0.2
:
:
:
:
Online data code:
Source: Eurostat
Population, living conditions and education
Population
Fertility
rate
(children /
woman) (
2
)
Life expectancy
at birth
(years) (
3
)
At-risk-of poverty
rate
(%) (
4
)
Educational
attainment
(%) (
5
)
Early leavers
from education
and training (%) (
6
)
Total
(million)
Share of age
group (%) (
1
)
<15
65+
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
1.1.2011
2010
EU-27
502.50
15.6
17.4
1.59
76.4
82.4
15.7
17.1
73.7
71.8
16.0
12.2
Euro area (EA-17)
331.98
15.4
18.3
:
77.8
83.5
15.3
16.9
69.0
67.9
18.0
13.1
Belgium
10.95
16.9
17.2
1.84
77.3
82.8
13.9
15.2
70.0
71.0
13.8
10.0
Bulgaria
7.50
13.8
17.7
1.49
70.3
77.4
19.0
22.3
79.3
79.6
13.2
14.5
Czech Republic
10.53
14.4
15.5
1.49
74.5
80.9
8.0
10.0
94.8
89.1
4.9
4.8
Denmark
5.56
17.9
16.8
1.87
77.2
81.4
13.1
13.4
77.8
75.1
13.6
7.5
Germany
81.75
13.4
20.6
1.39
78.0
83.0
14.9
16.4
88.3
83.3
12.7
11.0
Estonia
1.34
15.3
17.0
1.63
70.6
80.8
15.4
16.2
86.3
91.8
15.2
9.3
Ireland
4.48
21.8
11.6
2.07
78.7
83.2
14.9
15.1
70.5
76.4
12.6
8.4
Greece
11.31
14.4
19.3
1.44
78.4
82.8
19.3
20.9
60.8
64.3
16.5
10.8
Spain
46.15
15.1
17.1
1.39
79.1
85.3
20.1
21.3
51.5
53.7
33.5
23.1
France
65.08
18.5
16.8
2.00
78.0
85.0
12.8
14.1
72.1
69.6
15.4
10.3
Italy
60.63
14.0
20.3
1.41
79.1
84.5
16.8
19.5
54.3
56.0
22.0
15.4
Cyprus
0.80
16.9
13.1
1.51
78.6
83.6
14.4
17.9
75.2
73.0
16.2
9.8
Latvia
2.23
13.7
17.4
1.17
68.6
78.4
21.7
21.0
85.1
91.6
17.2
9.4
Lithuania
3.24
15.0
16.5
1.55
68.0
78.9
20.7
19.8
91.0
93.0
9.9
6.2
Luxembourg
0.51
17.6
13.9
1.63
77.9
83.5
14.6
14.4
80.7
74.6
8.0
6.0
Hungary
9.99
14.6
16.7
1.25
70.7
78.6
12.6
12.0
84.3
78.4
11.5
9.5
Malta
0.42
15.3
15.5
1.38
79.2
83.6
15.0
16.0
31.4
26.0
41.0
32.4
Netherlands
16.66
17.5
15.6
1.79
78.9
83.0
9.7
10.8
73.9
70.8
12.2
7.9
Austria
8.40
14.7
17.6
1.44
77.9
83.5
10.7
13.5
87.6
77.5
8.4
8.2
Poland
38.20
15.1
13.6
1.38
72.1
80.7
17.4
17.7
88.8
88.5
7.2
3.5
Portugal
10.64
15.1
18.2
1.36
76.7
82.8
17.3
18.4
28.6
35.1
32.7
24.6
Romania
21.41
15.2
14.9
1.38
69.8
77.4
20.7
21.4
78.5
70.2
18.6
18.2
Slovenia
2.05
14.2
16.5
1.57
76.4
83.1
11.3
14.1
85.2
81.4
6.4
3.3
Slovakia
5.44
15.3
12.4
1.40
71.7
79.3
11.7
12.2
92.8
89.1
4.6
4.9
Finland
5.38
16.5
17.5
1.87
76.9
83.5
12.4
13.8
80.8
85.2
11.6
9.0
Sweden
9.42
16.6
18.5
1.98
79.6
83.6
11.4
14.3
81.6
81.5
10.9
8.5
United Kingdom
62.44
17.4
16.6
1.94
78.3
82.5
16.4
17.8
78.9
73.4
15.8
14.0
Iceland
0.32
20.9
12.3
2.20
79.8
84.1
9.8
9.8
67.0
66.1
26.0
19.0
Norway
4.92
18.7
15.1
1.95
79.0
83.3
10.1
12.2
81.4
80.5
21.4
13.2
Switzerland
7.87
15.2
16.8
1.50
79.9
84.6
13.8
16.1
88.9
82.6
6.1
7.0
Online data code:
(
1
) EU-27, EA-17, Belgium, Cyprus, Romania and Switzerland, 1.1.2010. (
2
) EU-27, Belgium, France, Italy, Cyprus, Romania, the United Kingdom and Switzerland, 2009. (
3
) Belgium, France, Cyprus, Romania, the United Kingdom
and Switzerland, 2009; EU-27, EA-17 and Italy, 2008. (
4
) Ireland and Cyprus, 2009. (
5
) Those aged 25–64 with at least an upper secondary education (level generally prior to higher education).
(
6
) Percentage of the population aged 18-24 with at most a lower secondary education and not in further education or training; women in Estonia, 2009.
Source: Eurostat
Employment and unemployment
Employment
Employment rate, aged
20-64 (% of population)
Unemployment rate
(% of the labour force)
(1 000)
Total
Men
Women
Total
Youth,
aged 15-24
Long-term
Q3-2010 Q3-2011
Q3-2011
Q3-2011 Q4-2011 Q3-2011 Q4-2011 Q3-2010 Q3-2011
EU-27
224 175
224 087
68.9
75.4
62.4
9.7
9.8
21.5
22.1
3.8
4.1
Euro area (EA-17)
146 859
147 269
68.6
75.4
62.0
10.2
10.4
20.8
21.3
4.3
4.5
Belgium
4 577
4 654
66.9
72.4
61.4
7.3
7.2
20.5
20.9
4.2
3.8
Bulgaria
3 663
3 544
65.4
68.3
62.6
11.0
11.0
25.4
25.8
4.5
6.2
Czech Republic
5 096
5 100
71.2
80.3
61.8
6.6
6.7
18.1
19.1
3.1
2.7
Denmark
2 798
2 770
76.3
79.7
72.9
7.5
7.8
14.8
14.9
1.5
1.7
Germany
40 740
41 235
76.6
81.8
71.4
5.8
5.6
8.5
8.0
3.2
2.8
Estonia
554
603
72.4
75.6
69.5
11.3
:
21.8
:
8.2
6.3
Ireland
1 852
1 806
63.9
68.7
59.2
14.5
14.4
29.3
28.8
7.0
8.8
Greece
4 763
4 403
59.7
70.9
48.4
18.3
:
45.7
:
5.7
9.1
Spain
18 778
18 504
61.7
67.9
55.5
22.1
22.8
47.1
48.6
7.4
8.9
France
26 789
26 989
69.4
74.2
64.8
9.7
9.8
22.7
23.5
4.0
4.0
Italy
24 512
24 672
61.1
73.0
49.4
8.4
:
29.0
:
3.8
4.1
Cyprus
397
398
73.1
80.2
66.0
8.0
9.0
23.0
25.8
1.3
1.8
Latvia
949
975
68.0
69.4
66.7
14.8
:
30.0
:
8.3
7.9
Lithuania
1 350
1 378
67.9
68.6
67.2
15.3
:
31.0
:
7.5
8.0
Luxembourg
:
:
70.4
78.3
62.2
4.9
5.0
15.3
14.7
1.0
1.4
Hungary
4 117
4 139
61.3
67.7
55.2
10.9
10.8
26.1
26.3
5.7
5.1
Malta
168
169
61.4
78.5
43.6
6.4
6.5
13.9
14.1
3.4
2.7
Netherlands
8 679
8 709
77.0
82.8
71.2
4.4
4.9
7.6
8.5
1.2
1.4
Austria
4 139
4 200
75.7
81.6
69.9
3.8
4.1
7.3
8.5
1.1
0.9
Poland
16 113
16 176
65.3
73.0
57.7
9.7
9.9
25.9
27.4
3.0
3.6
Portugal
4 921
4 883
69.3
74.0
64.7
12.7
13.2
29.9
30.6
6.6
5.9
Romania
:
:
63.3
70.2
56.4
7.5
7.2
23.4
:
2.6
3.0
Slovenia
969
952
68.6
72.1
64.9
8.1
8.2
15.2
15.2
3.3
3.3
Slovakia
2 180
2 216
65.6
73.2
57.9
13.4
13.5
33.7
35.2
9.4
8.7
Finland
2 468
2 499
74.7
76.6
72.7
7.7
7.6
20.0
19.9
2.0
1.7
Sweden
4 636
4 734
80.9
83.7
78.0
7.3
7.5
22.3
22.8
1.5
1.3
United Kingdom
31 185
31 277
73.6
79.4
67.9
8.3
:
21.8
:
2.6
2.7
Iceland
:
:
81.2
84.8
77.6
:
:
:
:
:
:
Norway
2 608
2 658
80.0
82.8
77.1
3.2
:
8.8
:
0.8
0.8
Switzerland
:
:
81.8
88.6
74.8
:
:
:
:
:
:
Online data code:
Source: Eurostat
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