ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS,
AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
NOTES
T h e following pages explain t h e abbreviations that are used in the more technical parts (see
above,
xiv.
i.
[a])
of the
T h e list does not claim to be exhaustive, and, for t h e
most part, it takes n o account of well-established abbreviations, or such as have seemed to be fairly
obvious.
T h e Canonical a n d Apocryphal books of t h e Bible are usually referred
to as
Gen., Ex., Lev.,
Nu., D t . , Josh.,
Ruth,
Ezra, Neh., Esth., Job,
Ps.,
Pr., Eccles.,
Is.,
Jer., Lam., Ezek., Dan., Hos., Joel, Am., Ob., Jon., Mi., Nah., Hab., Zeph., Hag.,
Zech., Mal.
I
Esd.,
4
E s d .
2
E s d . of E V ) , Tob., Judith, Wisd., Ecclus., Baruch, Epistle
of
Jeremy
Bar. ch.
6),
S o n g of the T h r e e Children (Dan.
Susanna, Bel a n d t h e Dragon,
Prayer of Manasses,
Mt., Mk., Lk., Jn., Acts,
Cor., Gal., E p h . , Phil., Col., Thess.,
Tim., Tit., Philem., Heb.,
Pet.,
Jn.,
Jude, Rev. [or Apoc.].
An explanation of some of t h e symbols (A,
etc.), now generally used to denote certain
Greek MSS of the Old or New Testaments, will b e found above, at p. xvi. I t may be added that
t h e bracketed index numerals denote the edition of the work to which they are a t t a c h e d : thus
i n
Jewish Church,
edition (exceptions
see
below).
T h e unbracketed numerals above the line refer to footnotes for those
the line see
below under
Jz,
W h e n a foreign book is cited by a n English name the reference is
to
the English translation.
I t is suggested that this work be referred
to
as the Encyclopedia Biblica, a n d that the
name may be abbreviated t h u s :
Bib.
or
I t will be observed
all t h e larger
articles can be referred t o by t h e numbered sections
or
passage can readily be cited
by column a n d paragraph or line.
T h e columns will be numbered continuously to the e n d
T h e bibliographical notes will, it is hoped, be welcome t o t h e student.
of the work.
Abulw.
. .
Abulwalid, the Jewish grammarian
(b. circa
author of
Book
Roots,
etc.
Acad.
. .
The Academy:
A
Review
Literature, Science, and Art.
London,
. .
AHT.
. .
Ancient Hebrew Tradition.
See
Hommel.
.
See Winckler.
Amer.
American
Semitic Lan-
guages
(continu-
ing
Hebraica
'95
Am. Tab.
. .
Letters(
Ant.
. . .
Josephus,
A OF
. .
See
Winckler.
Anecd.
.
Anecdota,
and 2nd
series, published
under the
general title Texts and Studies
'
at the
University
Press.
Aq.
.
.
.
Aquila, Jewish proselyte (temp.
revolt against Hadrian), author
of
a
Greek translation of
the
Old
Testament. See T
EXT
.
Ar.
. . .
Arabic.
Aram.
. .
Aramaic. See A
RAMAIC
.
Arch.
.
.
or
See
Ar.
Des.
. .
Doughty,
Arabia
'88.
Ar. Heid., or
Reste
See
Arm.
.
.
Armenian.
Benzinger, Nowack.
Heid.
Wellhausen.
Ass.
.
.
Assyrian.
Ass.
.
See
Delitzsch.
As.
Eur.
.
W.
M. Miiller,
nach
tischen
'93.
A
A
A
T Unters.
.
. .
.
.
Bab..
.
Baed.,
or
Baed.
Pal.
Baethg., or
BAG
.
.
Baraitha
.
BDB
Lex.
Be.
. .
Beitr.
.
Beitr.
z.
Ass.
HA.
Alte Testament,
Old Testament.
Untersuchungen.
See Winckler.
Authorised Version.
ben,
(son, sons, Hebrew).
Baer and Delitzsch's critical edition
of
the Massoretic Text, Leipsic,
'69, and following years.
Babylonian.
Baedeker,
(ed. Socin),
'94;
'98 (Benzinger) based
on 4th German
Baethgen,
'88.
C. P. Tiele,
Geschichte,
pt.
'86;
pt.
'88.
Barth,
Die
in
semitischen
i.,
'89;
ii.,
See
L
AW
L
ITERATURE
.
[Brown, Driver, Briggs,
Lexicon]
A
Hebrew and
Lexicon
of
the
Testament,
based on
the Lexicon of Gesenius, by
F.
Brown, with the co-operation
of
S.
R.
Driver and
C.
A. Briggs,
Oxford, '92, and following years.
Richter
Ruth,
'54;
73; Esra,
Nehemia
Ester,
'62;
by
Ryssel,
'87.
especially Baethgen (as
above).
tischen
f t
;
ed.
Fried. Delitzsch and Paul Haupt,
i.,
iii., '98; iv.
I.
Benzinger,
'94.
'94.
ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
NOTES
xix
.
Bertholet,
Bi.
. .
.
Sac.
,
.
.
.
.
Boeckh
.
.
%OR
. .
Bottch.
.
.
in
A. Bertholet,
Die
der
der
den
'96.
Gustav
:
der
Grammatik,
ET,
'77.
'82.
der Hebraer,
der
Prov., 'go.
Sacra,
De
See Josephus.
Lexicon
;
worterbuch
Handgebrauch
fur Geistliche
glieder,
j
vols.,
'69-'75.
S.
Bochart
:
Sacra,
1646
sive de
bus
Sacra, 1663.
Aug. Boeckh,
Corpus
Babylonian a n d
Record,
Friedrich
der hebraischen
'66-'68.
4
Lex.
.
Lexicon
z.
d.
des
BR
.
.
.
Biblical Researches.
See Robinson.
Bu.
.
.
.
Karl Budde:
.
D i e
Fl. Josephus, '79.
'83.
.
Die
Samuel,
und
Sam..
Das Buch
HK, '96.
and
Hohelied
in
Samuel
in
S B O T
(Heb.),
'94.
Buhl
.
.
See
Buxt.
Johann
Buxtorf
1603,
etc.
Buxt.
Lex.
.
Johann Buxtorf, son
(I
Lexicon Chaldaicum,
cum
et
1639,
folio.
Reprint with additions by B.
Fischer, a vols.,
'69
and
'74.
cir.
.
,
circa.
Bib.
Handwb'rterbuch,
ed.
P.
c.
. .
contra Apionem.
See Josephus.
. .
.
Composition des Hexateuchs.
See
Wellhausen.
Gen.
.
The
Account of
Genesis,
by George Smith. A new edi-
tion, thoroughly revised and cor-
rected by A.
H.
Sayce,
Is.
.
The
Prophecies
of
Isaiah,
2
vols.
revised,
'89).
Job
a n d
Job
or
The Wisdom
of
the
Testament
('87).
.
.
The Book
of
transl.
with comm.
('88);
re-
written (forthcoming).
.
.
The
a n d Religious Con-
tents
of
the
(Barnpton
Lectures,
. .
Aids t o the
Devout
Study
of
Criticism, '92.
Founders
.
Founders
Testament
Criticism, 94.
.
Introduction t o the Book
o f
Isaiah
Zeller,
'89-'93.
Che.
. .
T. K.
Cheyne':
.
.
C I S
.
Class.
Rev.
,
.
co.
.
.
Ezek.
E i n L
Hist.
C O T
.
Rev.
.
D
.
.
. .
Is. SBOT.
Isaiah
in
SBOT
[Eng.],
Jeremiah, his
a n d Times
in Men of the
Jewish
Religious
the
Bible
'
('88).
'98.
.
Corpus
(ed. Dittenberger),
See
also Boeckh.
.
Latinarum,
Berlin,
'63,
and following years,
14
vols., with supplements.
.
Corpus
Semitica-
rum, Paris,
Pt. i.,
cian and
inscriptions; pt.
Aramaic inscriptions; pt.
S.
Arabian inscriptions.
.
The
Classical Review,
.
Clermont-Ganneau
:
.
Recueil
.
Cornill:
Das Buch des
Propheten
Ezechiel, '86.
Einkitung in das
Testa-
ment,
;
@),
'96.
o f the
of
from
the
.
Inscriptions
Testament.
See Schrader.
.
A.
H.
Sayce,
The Higher Criticism
and the
Verdict
o f the
Monu-
ments, '94.
Critical Review
of
a n d
Literature
Salinond],
.
Author of Deuteronomy; also used
Deuteronomistic passages.
.
Later Deuteronomistic editors. See
.
.
H
I
STOR
I
C
AL
L
ITER
A
T
U
RE
.
'94.
Gram.
.
Dalman,
Grammatik des
Worte
Lex.
-
Die
Worte
i.,
'98.
Dav.
.
.
Ezek.
.
de
C.
De Gent.
.
Del.
.
Par.
.
Targum,
Teil i.,
'97.
.
A. B. Davidson
:
Book
in Camb. Bible,
'84.
Book of
Ezekiel
in Cambridge
.
W. Smith, A
of
the
Bible, comprising its
Biography,
a n d Nat-
ural History,
3
vols.,
'63;
and ed. of vol. i., in two parts,
or,
Hastings, A
Dictionary of
the
dealing with its L a n -
guage, Literature, a n d Contents,
the
Theology,
vol. i.,
'98;
vol. ii.,
'99.
or, F.
de
Bible, '95
.
Alph.
Candolle,
des
'96.
ET
in the
Series.
Bible,
'92.
'93.
.
De
See Wellhausen.
.
Delitzsch, Franz
author
of many commentaries on books
of
the
OT,
etc.
or, Delitzsch, Friedrich,
son
of pre-
ceding. author
das
Paradies?
The Hebrew Language viewed
ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
NOTES
in
the
o f Assyrian Re-
search,
'83.
A
'86.
'96.
Ass.
D H M
Ep. Denk.
D.
H.
Miiller,
Denk-
Arabien,
Die Propheten
in
Form.
Die
der
tischen
2
Bde.,
Di.
. .
.
Dillmann,
August
in
K G H : Genesis,
3rd ed. of
Knobel, '75;
;
'92 (ET
by Stevenson, '97) Exodus
und
Leviticus,
ed. of Knobel,
3rd ed.
by
Ryssel, '97;
Josh.,
ed. of
'go; (edd.
by Knobel; 4th ed. by
6th ed. by Kittel, '98).
Did.
.
.
See A
POCRYPHA
,
I.
Dozy,
.
Dr.
. .
.
Driver,
S.
R.:
HT.
.
A
Treatise
on the Use
o f
the
Tenses
in Hebrew,
'74;
;
'92.
TBS
.
Notes on the Hebrew Text
of
the Books
of
Samuel,
'90.
.
An
Introduction
t o
the
Litera-
ture
of the Old
'97.
Par.
.
Parallel Psalter,
.
Deuteronomy
in
Inter-
national Critical Commen-
tary,
'95.
Joel and Amos
in the
Cambridge
Bible,
'97.
Lev. SBOT
SBOT
(Eng.),
Leviticus,
as-
sisted by H. A. White, '98.
Hebrew Authority' in
Sacred
and
Profane,
ed.
David
G.
Hogarth, London,
Is.
.
.
His
and
Times,
in
Drus.
. .
Drusius
in
Du.
. . .
Bernhard Duhm:
'99.
Men of the Bible,'
.
Die Theologie
Propheten
der
Religion,
Is.
.
.
Das Buch Jesaia
in
'92.
.
.
Die Psalmen
in
E
.
.
. .
Old Hebrew historical document.
.
. .
Later additions to
E.
See H
IS
-
.
.
Encyclopedia Britannica,
9th
ed.,
Ebers,
Aeg.
Georg Ebers
u.
die Bucher
i., '68.
EinL
.
.
(Introduction).
See
Cornill, etc.
Eng.
Hist.
Rev.
The English Historical Review,
. .
Die
des
See
Ed. Meyer.
ET
.
.
.
English translatibn.
Eth.
. .
Ethiopic.
Eus.
.
.
Eusebius of
half of
3rd to
half of 4th cent.
A.D.)
:
Onomasticon;
'
On the Names
of Places in Holy Scripture.'
TORICAL
L
ITERATURE
.
'75-'88.
Onom. or O S
H E .
E
Chron.
.
. .
.
English version (where authorised
5W.
. .
Heinrich Ewald
:
and revised agree).
.
der
hebraischen
Sprache,
'44;
Gesch.
.
Geschichte des Volkes
'64-'68
;
E T
5
vols. (pre-Christian period),
.
Die
Alten
f
,
Proph.
.
Die Propheten,
E T
'76
Expos.
. .
5th
Times,
.
.
following (verse, or verses, etc.).
.
.
Fauna and
of
Palestine.
See Tristram.
Field,
Hex.
.
F.
Field,
qua
in
Testamentum
('75).
. .
ed. Muller, 5 vols.,
and Hanb.
F. A.
and D. Hanbury,
Pharm.
Floigl,
GA
Founders
.
Fr.
. .
,
.
.
Frankenb.
.
.
.
GA
.
.
.
GBA
.
.
GAT
.
Gei.
Ges.
.
Thes.
Granzm.
Lex.
.
Pharmacographia.
.
Floigl,
Geschichte des
.
Founders
o f
OM
Testament Criti-
cism. See Cheyne.
.
F.
com-
mentaries on boolts of the Apo-
crypha in
KHG.
.
Sigismund
Die
schen
schen.
'86.
.
W.
Die
in
.
J
.
G.
:
('87).
Golden
Bough
('90);
in prep.
Description
of
(translation
notes, 6 vols.,
.
Marquart,
Fundamente
Geschichte,
'96.
.
Greek Version, see above, p.
and
T
EXT A
N
D
V
ERSIONS
.
.
Geschichte d.
(see
Meyer,
.
Geschichte
(see Meyer).
.
Gesch.
(see Wincltler, Hommel).
.
George Adam Smith. See Smith.
.
Renss,
Geschichte
Testa-
.
Geiger,
und
,
der
in
hangigkeit
der
'57.
.
F.
H.
W.
Gesenius
.
Thesaurus
Ling.
et
Veteris Testamenti,
.
;
by
E.
Kautzsch, '96;
ET
ments,
'81
;
' 9 0
.
(Muhlau
(Buhl, with Socin and
mern), '95
(Buhl),
. .
Gesenius Buhl. See'above, Ges.
ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS,
AND
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
NOTES
xxi
.
G G A
,
.
G G N
.
G I
.
.
.
GJV
.
Glaser
.
Gr.
.
.
Gra.
. .
Gesch.
.
Gr. Ven.
.
G V I
.
H
.
.
HA or Hebr.
Hal.
.
.
Hamburger
.
Geschichte
(History).
.
.
.
See Winckler.
.
Ginsburg,
Massoretico-critical
Edi-
of
the Hebrew
'94, In-
troduction,
'9
7.
.
Geschichte
des
Volkes.
See Schurer.
.
Eduard Glaser
:
'45
der
Gesch.
.
K. Grimm
Maccabees
('53) and
in
K G N .
.
Heinrich Gratz
:
Geschichte
'74
.
den
.
Versio Veneta. See
T
EXT
.
.
Gesch.
des
Volkes
See
'go.
ET
i.-v.,
Psalmen,
Stade, etc.
Harper,
ABL
.
. .
Heb.
.
.
Hebraica
.
.
Heid.
. .
.
.
Herzog,
RE
.
.
Hex.
.
.
.
.
H G .
. .
.
.
Hilgf.
.
.
Hist.
.
.
Hist. Proph.
Mon.
. .
. .
'The Law of Holiness' (Lev.
See L
EVITICUS
.
See
zinger, Nowack.
Joseph
The inscriptions
in
Rapport
sur
Mission
le
('72)
are cited
:
Hal. 535, etc.
et
Hamburger,
Talmud, i.
ii. '83, suppl. '86,
'97.
R. F.
Harper,
Letters
to the
collection
of the
British
Museum,
Testament,
bearbeitet von
H. J.
Holtzmaun,
R.
A.
P.
W.
Schmiedel,
H.
v.
Hebrew.
Continued as
Reste
See
Wellhausen.
Kosters,
van
in
het
Germ.
transl.
Die
'95
See
See
(see Kuenen, Holzinger,
etc.).
See Field.
Historical Geography of the
Land.
See Smith, G. A.
See Bochart.
A.
Hilgenfeld, N T scholar
(EinL,
and ed. since
of
See
Ewald, Kittel, etc.
J. F.
Prophecy,
a n d the Monuments:
To
the
Downfall
of
Samaria ('94); ii.
To
the Fall of Nineveh ('96).
F.
Hitzig
Hohelied
Die
Propheten
('38;
('35-'36;
'63-'65).
Handkommentar
Alten
Testa-
ment,
ed. Nowack,
Holz.
EinL
.
H.
Holzinger,
in
den
Hexateuch
Genesis
in
Hommel
. .
Fritz Hommel:
AHT
.
Die
ET,
Ancient
'97.
G B A
.
Geschichte Babyloniens
syriens,
.
Lightfoot,
Hebraice, 1684.
HP
. .
Holmes and Parsons,
Testa-
mentum
variis
I
827.
HPN
.
.
G.
Gray,
Studies
in
Hebrew
Proper
'96.
.
,
Henry Preserved Smith.
.
.
.
Die
See Kautzsch.
HWB
. .
des
vols., '84;
'93-'94.
See also Delitzsch
(Friedr.).
. .
.
Geschichte.
See Wellhausen.
.
.
Introduction.
Is.
. .
Introduction
to Isaiah.
See
Samuel
in
International Critical
Cheyne.
It.
.
.
.
Itala. See
T
EXT AND
V
ERSIONS
.
It. Anton.
,
Fortia
ban, '45.
Jastrow,
As.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
J E .
.
.
Jensen,
.
Jer.
. .
Jon.
.
.
Jos.
. .
Old Hebrew historical document.
Later additions to
Journal
o f
the
American
I
M. Jastrow,
Dictionary of the
the
etc.,
and
Journal
'53
7th
Journal'
of
Literature and
Exegesis,
formerly
o f
the
of
Biblical Lit. and
Jahrbucher
bibl.
Jahrbucher
Theologie,
The Prophetical narrative of the
Hexateuch, composed of
J
and
E.
P.
Jensen, Die
der
'90.
Jerome, or Jeremiah.
Jonathan. See Targum.
Flavius Josephus
37
A.
D
.),
Anti-
De
Bello
Vita, contra Apionem
(ed.
3 vols., '87-'94).
Journal of
i. (Nos.
I
and
ii. (Nos. 3 and 4,
etc.
fur
. .
Jewish Quarter4
. .
o f
Roval Asiatic
(vols.
1-20,
'34
new ser.,
vols.
currentseries,
. .
.
.
Die
d.
Testa-
Kau.
. .
E.
Kautzsch:
ment.
See Schrader.
Gram.
.
des
.
.
Die
des
'84.
Testaments,
'94.
xxii
ABBREVIATIONS,
SYMBOLS,
AND.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
NOTES
Ke.
.
Kenn.
.
K G H
K G K
. .
Gesch.
.
Die
des
Testa-
ments,
.
ass. bab.
in
u.
vols.
(
I
,
2,
3
a,
4, 5), '89-'96.
Edited by Schrader, in collabora-
tion with
L.
Abel,
C.
Bezold,
P.
Jensen,
F. E.
Peiser, and
H.
Winckler.
.
.
B.
Kennicott
cum
variis
2
vols.,
80.
K.
F.
Keil (d.
.
.
u.
See Schrader.
.
See
Di.,
Knob.,
01.
.
den
u.
Neuen
Testaments
den
ed.
H.
and
0.
.
Hand-commentar
Alten Testament,
ed. Marti,
.
Rudolf Kittel
:
Geschichte
der
vols.,
'92; Eng. transl.,
His-
tory of the Hebrews,
'96.
0
The
Chronicles.
Critical
Kim.
.
.
Kl. Proph.
.
.
KO.
.
.
.
Kr.
. .
Kt.
.
.
.
Edition'of the Hebrew text,
(translated by Bacon).
R. David
circa
A
.
D.,
the famous Jewish scholar and
lexicographer, by
exegesis
the AV is mainly guided.
.
Kinship a n d Marriage in
Arabia. See
W. R.
Smith.
.
Propheten
(Minor Prophets).
See Wellhausen, Nonack, etc.
.
Aug. Klostermann,
Die Biicher
('87)
in
K G K .
Geschichte des
Volkes
Israel
unter
Nehemia,
Aug.
Knobel
in
Exodus
by
mann,
Der
Jesaia,
'43,
See Dillmann.
.
F.
E.
KOnig,
der Hebraischen
Sprache,
3
vols., '81-'97.
.
.
.
Aug. Kohler.
.
(lit. to be read
a
marginal
reading which the
intended
that in the
text
see below.
.
(lit. 'written
a reading
in the MT; see above.
.
Abr. Kuenen
:
.
naar
en
v a n de Boeken
des
3 vols.,
'61-'65;
Germ.
transl.,
in
die
des
Testaments,
'92;
The Hexateuch,
translated by Philip
steed, '86.
.
D e
v a n Israel,
'69-'70;
De
en
der
Israel,
'75;
.
German
by Budde, '94.
Eng. transl., 3 vols.,
'77.
L
:
.
.
Lag.
. .
Hag.
.
Syr.
. .
Ges.
.
.
Sym.
.
Prov.
,
.
or
Beitr.
.
.
Sem.
Arm.
.
Or.
. .
Lane
. .
[ a n d ]
B
.
. .
Levy,
WB
Lex.
.
.
Leps.
Denkm.
.
Lightf.
. .
de
Lagarde,
Veteris
Canonicorum, Pars
Prior
'83.
Paul de Lagarde
:
Chaldaice,
'73.
Veteris Testamenti
bha
i.-iv., '84-'89.
ii.,
'63.
die
Arabischen, u n d
Hebraischen
der Nomina,
'89.
Beitrage
z.
'68.
'72.
Semitica,
Armenische
i., '79.
6
I
.
E.
Lane, An
Arabic-English
Lexicon,
'63
W.
M. Thomson,
The L a n d a n d
the Book,
new ed. '94.
Later Biblical Researches.
See
Robinson.
Levy,
'76-'89.
die
See
R. Lepsius,
aus
u.
'49-'60.
John Lightfoot
Hebraice
(1684).
Joseph
Lightfoot
\commentaries
on
Galatians
'74);
Philippians
'73)
a n d Phile-
mon
('75).
Lips.
. .
Die
. . .
Luc.
.
See
L.
LXX
or
.
Septuagint.
See
above,
xv
and
T
EXT
VERSIONS.
Maimonides
.
Moses Maimonides
(
I
131-1204).
Exegete, author of
Torah,
etc.
men,
Mand.
.
.
Mandaean. See A
RAMAIC
,
IO.
Marq.
Fund.
.
J.
Marquart,
Fundamente
scher
Geschichte,
'96.
Marti
. .
K.
Marti:
Gram.
.
Grammatik
a',
Sprache,
'96.
Geschichte
der
'97 (a
revision of A. Kayser,
Die
des A T ) .
.
.
Das
in
K H C ,
D a w n
o f
Egypt
and Chaldea
Melees
des
ET by
Masp.
.
.
G.
Maspero:
ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
NOTES
xxiii
. .
M D P V
.
Merx
.
.
. .
.
Meyer
.
.
M G W J
.
M H .
.
M I .
.
.
. .
. .
MT.
. .
Struggle
the
-Egypt,
Histoire Anczenne des
de
der Berliner
u n d
des
Palastina-
A.
Merx,
Archiv
A
T ('69).
Ed.
Meyer
:
Geschichte des
;
i.,
Gesch. d. Orients
z u r
('84)
Gesch. des
die
('93).
Die
des
thums,
H.'
A.
W. Meyer
founder of the series
das
Neue
Gesch.
u.
des
' 5
I
Mishnic Hebrew, the language
of
the Mishna, Tosephta,
rashim, and considerable parts of
the Talmud.
Mesha
Inscription,
commonly
known as the 'Moabite Stone.'
See M
ESHA
.
See C
HRONICLES
,
6
(2).
Mishna, the standard collection
(completed, according to tradi-
tion,
Judah the Holy, about
Z
O
O
A.D.)
of sixty-three treatises
(representing the Jewish tradi-
tional or unwritten law as devel-
oped by the second century
A
.D.),
arranged in six groups
or
thus
:
-
( I I
tractates), ii.
iii.
iv.
( I I),
vi.
(
I 2).
iv.
8
v. 5
iii.
4
iv.
3
3
iv.
I
vi.
3
iv.
4
vi.
i.
I
i.
I
O
BE
ii.
vi.
4
i
v.
3
8
4
7
I
'Eriibin ii
6
Gittin,
5
iv.
I
O
4
VI
.
I
iii.
5
v.
7
6
ii.
7
v.
i.
4
vi.
I
O
Kinnim v.
11
v.
6
8
6
7
5
Makhshirin, vi.
8.
Uksin,
VI
.
iv.
5
vi.
IO
I
8
ii. 5
V
.
vi.
v.
IO
v.
I
Massoretic text, the Hebrew text
of
the
substantially as it was in
the early part of the second
century
A
.
D
.
(temp. Mishna).
I t remained unvocalised until
about the end of the seventh
century
A.D.
See
T
EXT
.
Murray
.
.
A New English Dictionary
on
Historical Principles,
ed.
J.
A.
Murray,
'88
also
H.
Bradley,
.
Muss-Arnolt, A
Concise Diction-
a r y
the Assyrian Language,
'94-'99
(
A
-
MAG
)
.
.
der
ischen
.
.
.
note.
Xab.
.
.
See A
RAMAIC
,
4.
. .
.
Barth; see Ba.
Nestle,
.
Die
nach
ihrer
lichen
'76.
Neub.
.
A
Neubauer,
mud,
'68.
.
.
Natural History
Bible.
See
Tristram.
. .
u.
See Levy.
no.
.
.
.
number.
.
.
Th.
Unters.
.
Untersuchungen
z.
K r i t i k a'.
'68.
Proph.
Die
Propheten (in
NT
. . .
New Testament, Neues Testament.
.
.
Olshausen
:
.
Marginalien u.
'93.
Testaments,
'69.
Now.
.
W.
Nowaclc
:
94.
'97:
. .
Die Psalmen,
,
[incomplete].
OLZ (or Or.
Ond.
.
Onk., Onq.
Onom.
.
.
.
OT
. .
OTJC
.
P
.
.
.
.
.
Palm.
.
Pal. Syr.
.
P A O S
.
Par.
.
Pat.
.
.
.
tung,
ed. Peiser,
.
Onderzoek.
See
.
Onqelos.
,
See Targ.
.
See
OS.
.
Psalter.
See Cheyne.
.
Sacra,
containing the
'
name-lists
of
Eusebius and
Jerome (Lagarde,
'87;
the
pagination of
printed
on
the
margin of
is followed).
.
Old Testament.
.
Old Testament
in the
Church. See
W. R.
Smith.
.
Priestly Writer. See
L
IT
.
.
Secondary Priestly Writers.
.
F.
Buhl,
des
'96.
See also Baedeker
and Reland.
.
Palmyrene. See A
RAMAIC
,
4.
.
Palestinian
or Christian
Palestinian. See A
RAMAIC
,
4.
.
Proceedings
Oriental
Society,
ff.
(printed annually
at end of
.
Zag das
Paradies?
See
Delitzsch.
.
Sayce,
Patriarchal Palestine,
'95.
,
See
.
Palestine
Exploration
Fund
[founded
.
Palestine
F u n d Me-
moirs,
3
vols.,
'81-'83.
xxiv ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL
NOTES
Per.-Chip.
Pers.
.
Pesh.
.
Ph.,
PRE
,
,
and Chipiez
:
de
-
-
-
Asie
-
-
-
Rome:
ET
:
Ancient
Chaldea a n d Assvria.
a n d
Sardinia,
etc.,
Primitive
.
Persian.
.
Peshitta, the Syriac
3rd
cent.).
Syriace,
ed.
S.
Lee, '23,
OT
and
NT, '24.
W. E.
Barnes,
An Apparatus
to
Chronicles in the Peshitta
Version,
'97.
.
.
Kirche,
ed.
J.
J.
Herzog,
2 2
vols., '54-'68;
ed.
J.
J.
Herzog, G.
L.
Alb. Hauck, 18 vols.,
'88:
ed. Alb.
vol.
[A-Haul,
Jahrbucher,
Prim. Cult.
.
E.
B.
Primitive Culture,
Proph.
.
Prot.
PSBA
.
PS Thes.
.
R
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
I
-5R
.
Rab.
.
Rashi
.
Trav.
.
Rel.
Pal.
.
Rev.
.
Rev.
Ri.
Sa.
.
Rob.
.
.
The
of
Isaiah.
See
.
Prolegomena. See
Wellhausen.
,
fur
das
54-'96); continued
as
Prot.
.
Proceedings of the Society of Bibli-
cal Archeology,
.
Payne Smith,
Syriacus.
.
Punic.
.
Redactor
or
Editor.
.
of
JE.
.
Deuteronomistic
,
Priestly
.
H.
C. Rawlinson,
The
o f Western Asia.
i.-v.
'91).
,
Rabbinical.
.
Rabbenu Shelomoh
the celebrated
Jewish commentator.
de
la
et
et
.
Revue
des
i.,
ii.
and
'81
;
and so on.
.
Reland,
ex
2
vols.,
.
Revue.
.
Revue
.
Die
Bucher Richter
Samuel.
See
Budde.
.
Edward Robinson
:
.
Researches in Pales-
tine. Mt. Sinai. a n d Arabia
.
'
in
the year
1838
'56).
Later Biblical Researches in
tine a n d the
Regions, a
of
travels
in the year
Geography
of
the
or
iv.
or
Land,
'65.
. .
d.
ischen
. .
.
Records of the
being
English
translations of the Ancient
Monu-
ments of Egypt and Western
Asia,
ed.
S.
Birch, vols.
New series
ed.
A.
H.
Sayce, vols.
See
A
S
S
YRIA
,
or
Religion
of
the Semites.
See W.
R. Smith.
. .
.
Revised Version (NT,
OT,
'84; Apocrypha; '95).
.
.
G.B.
vols.,
'47
.
.
Ryssel; cp.
Bertheau.
. .
R. Sa'adya
Ar.
the tenth century Jewish gram-
marian and lexicographer
(b.
892)
;
Explanationsof the
legomena
in the OT, etc.
.
.
Saboan,
less
fittingly
called
Himyaritic; the name given to
a
class
of
S.
Arabian inscrip-
tions.
Denkm.
.
Sabaische
Denkmakr,
edd. Muller
and Mordtmann.
jam.
.
.
Samaritan.
SBA
W
.
.
der
. .
The Sacred Books
of
the East,
der
translated by
scholars
and edited by the
Rt.
Hon.
F.
Max
vols.
[Otherwise known as the
chrome Bible] The Sacred Books
of
the Old Testament, a new
Eng.
transl.,
Explanatory Notes
a n d Pictorial Illustrations
pre-
eminent biblical scholars
of
Europe a n d
of
America, a n d
edited, with the assistance
Horace Howard
by Paul
The Sacred Booksofthe Old
SBOT
.
.
Schr.
.
KAT
C O T
Schiir.
;
a
the Hebrew
text, printed in
with notes, prepared by
a n d America, under the editorial
direction
of Paul Haupt,
u n d Chaos in
u.
'95.
E.
Schrader;
editor
of
:
d. Alte
Testament,
Eng. transl. of
by
0.
C.
Whitehouse,
The
Cuneiform
Inscriptions a n d
the Old Testament,
vols.,
'85, '88
(the pagination
of
the German is retained in
the margin
of
the Eng. ed.).
E.
Schiirer
:
Geschichte des
Volkes
i m
Christi
i.
Politische
schichte, '90;
Die Inneren
Palastinas
des
Jiidischen Volkes
Zeitalter
78.
ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTES xxv
Hist.
.
Selden
.
Sem.
.
.
Sin.
.
.
Smend,
Listen
.
Smith
GASm.
.
HG
.
WRS.
.
Jesu Christi, '86; new ed. vol.
Die Inneren Zustande, '98,
Das Judenthum in der
Zerstreuung u. die
ratur, '98.
Vols.
I
Div. i. vols.
I
vol.
I
of German; vols.
3-5
Div.
vols.
=
vol.
of German
vols. ii., iii of
Selden,
de
e t
7
1665.
de
1617.
ET
of above ('go
Semitic.
Sinaitic; see A
RAMAIC
, 4.
Smend,
Die Listen
Bucher
u.
Nehemiah,
George Adam Smith
:
The Historical
of
the Holy Land,
in
to the History
of
Israel and
of
l e Early
Church,
(additions to
William Robertson Smith ('46-'94
:
The
Testament in the
enlarged, '92; (Germ. transl. by
Rothstein, '94).
The
o f
and their
i n
to
the close o f
the
eighth century
with introduction and addi-
tional notes by
T. K.
Cheyne,
'95.
Kin.
.
Kinship
and
Marriage in Early
Lectures on the
o f the
Semites:
The
.
.
Spencer
.
ss
. .
Sta.
.
.
Kr.
.
m.
m.
Stud.
sw.
.
.
w
.
and revised edition
)
94;
mental Institutions,
Germ. transl. by Stube, '99.
[The MS notes of the later Burnett
Lectures-on Priesthood, Divina-
tion and Prophecy, and Semitic
Polytheism and Cosmogony
-
remain unpublished,
are
occasionally cited by the editors
in the
as
Burnett
MS'].
A.
P.
Stanley,
Sinai and
in connection with
'56, last ed. '96.
.
De
.
Siegfried and Stade,
Alten Testa-
.
mente,
'53.
.
B. Stade:
Gesch.
.
.
Studien und
.
magni
(Mar-
.
.
Essays in
and Criticism and
kindred
4 vols.,
.
H.
B. Swete,
The
Old
Testament
in
the Septua-
gint;
'95-'99.
.
Sitzungsberichte d. Wiener
d.
den
. .
Symmachus, author of a Greek
version of the Old Testament
(circa
A.D.).
See
T
EXT
.
Syr.
. .
.
Syriac. See A
RAMAIC
,
Tad.
.
Desjardins,
'68.
Talm. Bab. Jer.
. .
.
.
Jon.
.
Onk..
.
.
T B S
. .
temp.
.
.
ceptus]
.
.
Theod.
.
.
.
Thes.
. .
Ti.
or Tisch.
.
Talmud, Babylonian or Jerusalem,
consisting of the text of the
Mishna
up into small
sections, each followed by the dis-
cursive comment called
See
L
AW
L
ITERATURE
.
Targum.
The (fragmentary) Targum
shalmi.
Targum Jonathan, the name borne
by the Babylonian Targum
to
the Prophets.
Targum Onltelos, the Babylonian
Targum to the
Pentateuch
(towards end
of
second century
A.
D
.)
.
The Targ. to the Pentateuch,
by the name of Jonathan.
Der
der Bucher
see Wellhausen; or
Notes o n the
Text of the Books
of
Samuel:
see
Driver.
tempore (in the time
The 'received text' of the
NT.
See
T
EXT
.
Thenius,
die Bucher
in
'42;
'64;
Lohr,
(end of second cen-
tury), author of a Greek version
of the Old Testament
rather a
revision of the LXX than a new
'). See
T
EXT
.
published in connection
with
Th.
(see
D
EUTERONOMY
,
See Gesenius.
R.
Payne Smith,
Thesaurus
Tischendorf,
Testamentum
octava
maior, '69-'72.
. .
Toseohta
.
.
L
AW
LITERATURE.
.
.
S. P.
Tregelles,
The Greek New
Testament;
ancient
authorities,
'5
Tristram
.
.
H.
B. Tristram
:
.
.
The Fauna and
of
NHB
.
The Natural History
of the
.
.
Transactions
of
Bib.
vols.
T u b .
Z.
Theologie,
.
Untersuchungen.
See Noldeke,
. .
Die
See
'89.
' 3 4 8
Wincltler.
Budde.
v.
.
.
.
verse.
,
The Apocrypha ( A V )
edited
with
various renderings,
etc.,
by C.
J.
Ball.
Var.
Bib.
.
The
edited
with
various
by
T. K.
Cheyne,
S. R.
ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTES
Vet. Lat.
.
.
We., Wellh
D e Gent.
TBS
Gesch.
.
Proph.
. .
Weber
.
Wetstein
.
Wetz.
W F .
.
Driver
(OT),
and R.
L.
Clarke,
A.
W. Sanday (NT)
[otherwise known as the Queen's
printers'
Versio Vetus
the old-Latin
version (made from the Greek);
later superseded by the Vulgate.
See
T
EXT AND
V
ERSIONS
.
Vulgate, Jerome's Latin Bible
:
from Heb., N T a revision
of Vet. Lat. (end
of
4th and be-
ginning of 5th cent.). See
T
EXT
.
.
Julius Wellhausen.
De
qua
in
I
2
4
('70).
Der
Die
u.
eine
.
vol. i.
('78).
ed. of
Gesch.,
entitled
Gesch.
' 8 3 ;
ET '85;
4th
Germ. ed. '95.
.
u.
'94;
'97; an
amplification
of
Gesch.
in
Vorarbeiten,'
'84.
The
was sub-
stantially a reproduction of
'Israel' in
re-
published in
ET
of
and separately as
Sketch of
a n d
Reste Arabischen
('in
('74).
('87;
'97).
Die
D i e Composition des
der
Bucher
des
Alten
Testaments
('85; Zweiter Druck, mit
'89; originally
published in
T
21
22
and in
Bleek,
EinL
.
System der
or
Die
des
'80
(edited by Franz
Delitzsch and Georg
mann)
des
Talmud
und
'97 (ed.
Schnedermann).
J.
Wetstein,
Testamen-
tum
etc.. vols. folio
:
.
.
Wetzstein,
in
den
.
Wellhausen-Furness, The
of
('98) in
SBOT (Eng.).
Westcott and Hort,
The
Tes-
tament in
the
Greek,
W H [W
H]
.
Wi.
Winckler
:
Unters.
.
Untersuchungen
G B A
.
ischen
'92.
syriens,
'92.
AOF or
AF
ser.
'93-'97;
ser.
i.,
.
.
Geschichte
i. '95.
.
Die
'84.
.
. .
Winer
Gram.
.
WMM
.
.
Wr.
.
. .
A r . Gram.
Die'
von
A m a r n a (ET
Metcalf).
J.
G. Willtinson,
Manners
Customs of
the
Ancient Egyptians,
by Birch,
3
vols., '78.
G.
B.
Bibl.
see
Grammatik
des
bearheitet von Paul Wilh.
Schmiedel,
ET
of
6th ed.,
W. F.
'70.
See As.
Eur.
W. Wright
:
Lectures
o n
the Comparative
of
the
Semitic
Languages,
'90.
A
Grammar
o f
the Arabic
WRS
.
W Z K M
.
.
.
.
.
.
Z A T W
.
Z D M G
.
ZDPV
.
ZKF
.
.
ZKW
.
.
.
Z W T
.
the
of
a n d
with
numerous
addi-
tions a n d corrections
by
Wright;
2
vols., '74-'75
;
revised by W. Robertson
Smith and M.
J.
Goeje,
vol. i. '96, vol. ii. '98.
.
William Robertson Smith.
See
Smith.
.
Wiener
d.
des
.
The well-known Arabian geo-
graphical writer
( I
Kitab
edited
by
F.
.
(Journal).
.
.
fur
Sprache
.
f u r die
' 8
I
.
der
.
des
Deutschen
.
fur
'84
continued as
Z A .
.
See
W Z K M .
.
fur
(ed.
Luthardt),
.
und
Kirche,
.
fur
Theologie
Kirche,
'9
I
.
(ed. Hilgenfeld),
'78.
CONTRIBUTORS T O
VOLUME I
Arranged according to the
order
of
the signatures appended to their articles.
where
thus:
A
. B.
c.
D.
A.
A.
B.
A. E.
S.
A.
J.
A.
K.
A. R.
S.
K.
c.
c.
C.
F. B.
C.
H.
W.
J.
C. J.
B.
C.
P.
T.
E. M.
F.
B.
G.
A.
S.
G.
A.
Si.
G.
B.
G.
F.
H.
G.
H.
S.
H.
W.
H.
I.
A.
I. B.
J.
A.
R.
J. M.
B.
A
NTHONY
A
SHLEY
, Lord
Almoner’s Professor of Arabic, Cam-
bridge.
S
HIPLEY
, A. E., M.A., F.Z.S., Fellow,
Tutor, and Lecturer at Christ’s College,
Cambridge.
A
DOLF
, Professor of Church
History and New Testament Exegesis,
K
AMPHAUSEN
, A
DOLF
, Professor of Old
Testament Exegesis, Bonn.
K
ENNEDY
, A
RCHIBALD
, R. S., M.A.,
D.D.,
Professor of
Hebrew and
Semitic Languages, Edinburgh.
C
REIGHTON
, C., M.D., 34 Great Ormund
Street, London.
B
URNEY
, Rev, C. F., M.A., Lecturer in
Hebrew, and Fellow of
College, Oxford.
JOHNS,
Rev. C. H. W., M.A., Queen’s
College, Cambridge.
B
ALL
, Rev. C. J., M.A., Chaplain to
the Honourable Society of Lincoln’s
Inn, London.
T
IELE
, C. P., Professor of Comparative
History and Philosophy of Religion,
Leyden.
E
DUARD
,
Professor of Ancient
History,
B
ROWN
, Rev. F
RANCIS
, D.D., Daven-
port Professor of Hebrew and the
cognate Languages in the Union
Theological Seminary, New York.
S
MITH
,
Rev. G
EORGE
A
DAM
, D.D.,
Professor of Hebrew and Old
Testament Exegesis, Free Church
College, Glasgow.
S
IMCOX
,
G. A., M.A., Queen’s College,
Oxford.
G
RAY
, G. B
UCHANAN
, M.A., Lecturer
in Hebrew and Old Testament The-
ology, Mansfield College, Oxford.
M
OORE
, Rev. G
EORGE
F.,
D.D., Pro-
fessor
of
Hebrew in Andover Theo-
logical Seminary, Andover, Mass.
Professor of
Old Testament Exegesis, Leipsic.
B
ARON
VON,
Profes-
sor
of New Testament Exegesis, Berlin.
H
OPE
W.,
4
Winchester
Road, Oxford.
ZIMMERN, HEINRICH,
Professor of
Assyriology, Leipsic.
ISRAEL, London, Editor of
the
Review.
Dr.
IMMANUEL,
Berlin,
R
OBINSON
, Rev. J. A
RMITAGE
, D.D.,
Canon of Westminster.
M
ASSIE
,
M.A., Yates Professor of
New Testament Exegesis in Mansfield
College, Oxford formerly scholar of
John’s College, Cambridge.
B
UDDE
, K
ARL
, Professor
of
Old Testa-
ment Exegesis, Strassburg.
K.
Lu. G.
L.
W.
K.
M.
A.
C.
M.
R.
J.
N.
M.
N.
S.
0.
c.
w.
P.
w.
s.
R.
C.
R.
W.
R.
S.
A. C.
S.
R.
T.
G.
P.
T.
K.
C.
T.
N.
W.
D.
W.
B.
K
ARL
, Professor of Old Testa-
ment Exegesis and the Hebrew Lan-
guage, Berne.
G
AUTIER
, L
UCIEN
. Professor of Old
Testament Exegesis and History,
Lausanne.
K
ING
, L
EONARD
W
ILLIAM
, M.A., F.S.A.,
Assistant to the Keeper of Egyptian
and Assyrian
Antiquities,
British
Mus e m
.
M
AURICE
A., M.A.
Peter’s Rectory,
Hill, Lon-
don, E.C.
JASTROW,
M
ORRIS
,
Pro-
fessor of Semitic Languages in the
University of Pennsylvania.
JAMES,
M
ONTAGUE
R
HODES
,
.
Fellow and Dean of King’s College,
Cambridge.
N
ORMAN
, M.A., Lecturer in
Hebrew, and Fellow of Christ’s College,
Lecturer in Semitic Languages at
College, Cambridge.
S
CHMIDT
, N
ATHANAEL
, Professor of
Semitic Languages and Literatures,
University, Ithaca,
New
York.
W
HITEHOUSE
, Rev. O
WEN
C., M.A.,
Principal and Professor of Biblical
Exegesis and Theology in the Countess
of
Huntingdon’s College,
Herts.
PAUL
Professor of
New Testament Exegesis, Zurich.
C
HARLES
, Rev. R. H., M.A., D.D.,
Professor of Biblical Greek in Trinity
College, Dublin
17
Road,
Oxford.
R
OGERS
, Rev. ROBERT W.,
D.D., Professor of Hebrew, Drew
Theological Seminary, Madison, New
Jersey.
COOK, S
TANLEY
A., M.A. (Cantab.),
Ferndale, Rathcoole Avenue, Hornsey,
London, N.
D
RIVER
. Rev.
SAMUEL
D.D.,
Regius Professor of Hebrew, Canon
of
Christ Church, Oxford.
PINCHES, T
HEOPHILUS
G., M.R.A.S.,
Egyptian and Assyrian Department,
British Museum.
C
HEYNE
, Rev.
T.
K.,
M.A., D.D., Oriel
Professor of the Interpretation of Holy
Scripture at Oxford, Canon of Ro-
chester.
Professor of Se-
mitic Languages, Strassburg.
D
AVIES
, T. W.,
Professor of Old
Testament Literature, North Wales
Baptist College, Bangor; Lecturer in
Semitic Languages,
College.
Bangor.
Testament Exegesis, Gottingen.
W..
Professor of New
xxviii
CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME
I
W.
E.
A.
Rev. W.
E.,
M.A., Lecturer in
Old Testament Criticism, Manchester
College, Oxford.
B
ENNETT
, Rev. W. H., M.A., Professor
of Biblical Languages and Literature,
Hackney College, London, and Pro-
fessor of Old Testament Exegesis, New
College, London.
The late W. H., Professor of
Old Testament Exegesis, Leyden.
W.
J.,
M.A., Lecturer in
Classical Philology, University College
of
North Wales, Bangor.
E. B.
W.
H.
K.
W.
W.
W.
M.
M.
MU
LLER
, W. M
AX
, Professor of Old
Testament Literature, Reformed Epis-
copal Church Seminary, Philadelphia.
W.
R.
R
IDGEWAY
, W
ILLIAM
, Professor of
Archaeology, Cambridge.
W.
R.
S.
S
MITH
,
The late W.
Pro-
fessor
of
Arabic, Cambridge.
w. s.
S
ANDAY
, Rev. W
ILLIAM
, D.D.,
Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity,
Canon of Christ Church, Oxford.
NER, C.M.G.,
F.R.S., Director
Royal Gardens, Kew.
T.-D.
THISELTON-DYER, Sir W
ILLIAM
T
UR
-
MAPS
I N VOLUME
I
SYRIA,
AND BABYLONIA
.
.
between cob.
352
and
353
PLAN
OF
BABYLON
.
and417
DISTRICT
OF
DAMASCUS
.
Document Outline
- Title
- Preface
- Abbreviations, symbols, and Biblioraphical Notes
- Practical Hints to the Reader
- Aalar - Achsah
- Acts of the Apostles
- Acua - Ain
- Airus - Amphipolis
- Amplias - Apocalypse
- Apocalyptic Literature
- Apocrypha - Ariel
- Arimathaea - Asshurim
- Assideans - Azzur
- Baal - Baca
- Bacchides - Bastard
- Bat - Beth-Basi
- Beth-Birie -Box Tree
- Bozez - Bush
- Bushel - Canon
- Canopy - Chariot
- Charity, Feasts of - Chronology
- Chronology - Circumcision
- Cis - Conduits
- Coney - Covenant
- Coverlet - Cyrus
- Dabarah - David
- David, City of - Dial and Sun-Dial
- Diamond - Dysentary