HADRIAN'S WALL

Wall settlement built by Roman emperor as a protection against Scottish Picts. Built 2000 years ago. Towers, castles, forts, hospitals.

MIDLANDS - HEART OF ENGLAND

Midlands are often called Heart of England for 2 reasons:

1. It is the centre

2. Industrial revolution started here

BIRMINGHAM - 2^nd largest city (after London).

1. Wool (“Spinning Jenny”)

2. Heavy industry, motorcars, textile

3. Black County (Birmingham + surroundings)

North England and Midlands nowadays were relatively poorer, so they changed industrial plans into shopiing centers, restaurants etc. (like Łódź in Poland).

MANCHESTER

1. Industrial revolution began here

2. Textile and heavy industry

LIVERPOOL

1. Port (in the past it was a main port, now it's not that important)

SHEFFIELD

1. Steel

2. Cutlery production (famous knives)

NOTTINGHAM

1. Textile

2. Lace (koronki)

3. Legendary character: Robin Hood

COVENTRY

1. Industrial (motorcars)

2. Capital of one of kingdoms

3. Legendary character: Lady Godiva - rode naked through the streets of Coventry in order to gain a remission of the oppressive imposed by her husband on his tenants

4. Medieval Cathedral - bombed by Germans in World War II. In 1950 government decided to leave old part and build a new one, so cathedral became a symbol of World War II horror.

OXFORD

1. University 12^th century

2. Industry (centre of medicine, motorcars)

3. College - you enter and you are member of COLLEGE (not university!)

4. University - this is federation of colleges (every college is relatively independent). Only technical organization.

5. Socratic tutorial system - system of individual teaching (superviser) - only in Cambridge and Oxford

6. Bridge of Sights - it was in Venice, in Oxford there is a copy

7. Boat - “punt” (łódź płaskodenna) - popular race every year between Oxford and Cambridge

STRATFORD

1. Shakespeare

2. The New lace - Shakespeare was interested in Stratford, and at the end of his life he returned to this house (this is one of the largest buildings). Built in XVII century.

3. Anne Hathaway's Cottage - she was Shakespeare's wife, they had 3 children. She was a peasant girl

4. Shakespeare's Grammar School - he probably attended this school

5. Modern building: Shakespeare Mond Theatre (there are two: one in London and one in Stratford) - plays written by Shakespeare

COTSWOLDS

1. Wolds = hills

2. Buildings: wool merchants settling, they built buildings of local stone, very unique

EAST ANGLIA

In the past it was no industry there, and now there are no big cities at all.

Drainage system (system odwadniający) was built so the area could be used for agriculture. Centre of vegetable production. Only new industries developed here (biotechnology, computers etc.)

NATIONAL PARK - THE BROADS

A lot of water, plants.

Fens (bagna)

CAMBRIDGE

1. University town

2. 13^th century

3. Socratic tutorial system

COALCHESTER (near Cambridge)

1. Eldest recorded town in whole country, built by Romans

NORWICH

1. In the past it was the capital city

KULTURA - ĆWICZENIA - 02.12.2011

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