30 11 2010 descriptive grammar

wh- clauses

1. wh- word and wh- clauses

example: she bought the dress in the shop.

WHO bought the dress in the shop?

She bought WHAT in the shop?

She bought the dress WHERE?

wh- words in the main and the subordinate clauses

WHAT did you do?

He siad WHAT he had to say.

WH- QUESTIONS AND YES/NO QUESTIONS

What is Kate taking to Australia?

Is Kate taking the cat to Australia?

MAIN WH-QUESTIONS

Kate is taking her cat to Australia.

WHAT is Kate [ ] taking [ ] to Australia?

WHERE is Kate [ ] taking her cat [ ] ?

WHO [] [] is taking her cat to Austarlia?

[WHOSE cat] is Kate [] taking [] to Austarlia?

NP fronted

RELATIVE CLAUSES

wh- but not irrogative

modifiers of Nom

relative pronouns substitute for various phrases

noun complement clauses vs. Relative clauses

1. meaning

2. structure (gap)

pro – Nom ONE

- that clauses and relative clauses function as sisters in respect of different categories