METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

1

Non-Projected Display Aids

•Chalkboard and Whiteboard

•Flannel board/Magnet board

•Flipcharts, Charts

•Posters/Pictorial Materials

•Realia and Models

Various Types of Audio-Visual

Aids and Their Relevance for

Language Learning

Projected Display Aids

•Overhead/Opaque Projector

•Slide/Multimedia Projector

•Tape Recorder/CD/DVD Player

•VCR/DVD/Bluray

•Interactive Whiteboard (IWB)

•digital devices (mp4 player, computer, tablet, PDA)

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

2

Audio-Visual Aids

•Increase effectiveness of classroom LL/LT

•Sustain Ss' attention

•Stimulate both hemispheres

•Contextualise (situationally/socially/culturally)

•Clarify meaning

•Accelerate instruction (meaning elucidation)

•Diversify LL/LT

•Mediate between content and outside world

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

3

Paivio‘s (1986) dual coding theory:

•cognition proceeds in relation to the processing
of information derived through interplay of both
verbal and visual elements

•audio-visual aids translate complex verbal
processes into easy-to-grasp visual/verbal
messages

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

4

Verbal/non-verbal codes:

The verbal code: a mental code specialized for dealing with

verbal language

The non-verbal code: generates mental images and

corresponds to non-linguistic knowledge of the world.

As information is processed by the brain both verbal codes

and non-verbal codes interlink. Abstract language learning

generates little imagery while the implementation of audio-

visual aids enhances learning through rich imag

ery.

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

5

Visual information may be converted into a

semantic form, which in turn may be effectively

stored in long-term memory (Rieber 1994).

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

6

Reasons for using audio-visual aids in FLT:

 

•to capture attention

•to arouse interest

•to motivate learners

•to save time

•to provide near realistic experience

•to meet individual demands

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

7

Characteristics of good audio-visual aids:

 

•accurate

•meaningful and purposeful

•motivating

•of good quality

•portable

•simple and cheap

•up-to-date

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

8

Flannel board / Magnet board

• simple/inexpensive to construct
• easy to store and light to carry
• makes T more mobile
• provides a wide range of language practice
• Ss may interact with it
• Dynamic medium ('mobile' situations/changes can be shown)

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

9

Flipboard and Charts

• Simple to use

• Inexpensive

• Portable

• Need no electricity

• Useful for background information

• Can reveal successive bits of story

• Can be used to record ideas from
discussions for future reference

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

1
0

Pictorial aids (composite pics/series/flash cards)

• help avoid giving long explanations
• provide meaningful practice of vocab/structures
• can be used as cues or prompts
• as stimuli to get your students to speak, read or write
• relate content to Ss’ background knowledge.

Audio-Visual Aids

METHODOLOGY LECTURE TTC

SIERADZ

1
1

Realia and Models

Forms:

• Non-ELT audio-visual/linguistic materials

• Non-linguistic: as stones, leaves, food products, clothes, etc.

Features:

• Connect Ss to the outside world

• Make LL more relevant/meaningful

• Prepare Ss for post-classroom experience

• Motivate Ss to investigate/use L2 outside the classroom

• Demonstrate/make an impact (enliven lessons)

Audio-Visual Aids